Tulsi Shrivastava’s Computerized

CIVICS notebook

April 29, 2010

1. What does elaborate mean? *to go into further detail*explain*expand

April 16, 2010

1. Which of the following are duties of a district attorney?*To bring charges against suspected lawbreakers and prosecute cases in court.

Section 3 review p.390 1-61. A town is a smaller political unit with a

group of people. A town meeting is when the people of a town get together to discuss important issues. Town and townships are larger than villages.

2. 1654 it began when men in Mass. Got together to discuss how to divide the area.

3. A village government works on improving services or projects that will help the community.

4. Yes because it would get much closer to the people of the village and help them a lot.

BOTHReceive authority from

state

VILLAGELies within boundary of township or countyPeople elect board of trustees

TOWNSHIPBorders established by CongressElect small body of officials

# 5

April 19, 20101. A city charter closely resembles…. *The Constitution School-2-Home Connection1.Municipality2. weak-mayor system3.County4. A village usually lies within the boundaries of the larger local government, such as township or county.5. It allows cities to write their own charters, to choose own type of government, and manage own affairs.

School-2-home connection continued…6. They examine taxable property an determine how much money should be paid.7. Town meeting are direct democracy and allow citizens to decide certain issues.

Standardized test practice1. D 6. C2. C 7. B3. B 8. A4. A 9. C5. B 10. B 11. A 12. B

April 20, 2010

1. Person who tends to dominate the government?

*strong-mayor

*Study* !!!!

A municipality is a city law. True/False-False2. Are city laws called ordinances?-Yes3. Are counties in Louisiana called

boroughs? ..if not what are they called?-No, they are called parishes.4. A city charter closely resembles a city bus.

True/False-False5. A county is the largest territorial

subdivision in a state

5 questions about study guides

April 21, 2010

1. In which form of city government are legislative and executive powers held

by the same person or group?*Commission form

• Ch. 14 Anticipation Guide1. D x 10. True x2. A x3. D x4. C x5. D *6. False *7. True *8. True *9. False *

April 22, 20101. List one thing I will learn about in

Ch. 14. I will learn about environmental

issues and what things harm it and help it.

Guided Reading 14-11) Public policy2) They come from government, political parties,

interest groups, the media, or private citizens.3) It oversees community growth.4) Infrastructure5) They have to see what the community values

most. They have to determine their specific goals. Then they rank the goals in order of importance

6) A master plan states the goal of the community and how those goals will achieved. It becomes public policy if the local government accepts it, but the government is responsible for carrying it out.

Poverty in Penn.

• 8.5 % of the population lacks medical insurance• Pennsylvania has almost doubled the monthly bill for a state health insurance program for poor people who do not qualify for Medical care.

April 23, 20101._________ plan states specific goals and

describe how the government will carry them out.

*Master

I would like to join more extra curricular activities. 4I would like to get stronger and drink more milk. 3Spending more time with my family. 1Being more self-confident. 2 Helping the earth more by recycling and other projects. 5 I will try to get more advanced in school. 6

*Goals*

Section Review 1. A master plan lists its priorities and explains how the

government will carry them out.2. A public policy may deal with the decision to build or

not build a road. Also, it may deal with issues such as health care and the environment.

3. To state specific goals and describe how the government will carry them out.

4. The government has to see which issues are important and which are not.

5.

Public policy comes from

Private citizens

government

the media

Interest groups

political parties

April 26, 2010

1. I am researching Dave Heineman, the governor of Nebraska.

Powerpoints due next Monday.

April 27, 2010

1. I need__________on each slide.*pictures

Working on POWERPOINTS!!!

…and photostories.

April 28, 2010

1. How many points is the PowerPoint worth?

*60 points

April 30, 2010

1.Length of Power-points

presentations:*7 slides- 3 minutes

May 3, 2010

1. The correct spelling is: Works Cited.

May 4, 2010

1. Does the U.S. Constitution mention education?

*No, general education has always been under the control of the individual states.

More Presentations…

Guided Reading1. Every student must take a series of reading, math, and

science in grades 3-8.2. Some schools today don’t have that much money. Many

students dropout or don’t have a positive attitude that leads to violence.

3. People appose tuition vouchers because they feel the vouchers funnel education funds out of the public school system and into private schools. Some people say that violates the First Amendment.

4. Community policing is when police become a visible presence in neighborhoods, hanging around trying to get to know the residents. It also tries to get neighborhoods involved in a watch program.

5. There is a five-year lifetime limit on receiving welfare, and states are required to develop job-training programs for the poor to help them leave the welfare rolls.

6. It success raised mostly from the booming economy of the lat 1900’s The labor shortage of the period made it relatively easy for unemployed welfare recipients to find work.

May 5, 2010

1. Schools that receive state funding, but are excused from meeting many

public school regulations?* Charter schools

Section 2 Review1. Charter schools are exempt from doing things that regular schools do. They

have equal rights to welfare, even though they are poor. 2. Privatization is an extreme alternative which has private companies contract

with local districts to run the schools.3. They believe it violates the first amendment because they can be used to pay

tuition at religious schools.4. No I don’t think that because to me is important for federal government to

focus on education which plays a key role a anyone’s life.

Charter Schools

For Against

May 6, 2010

1. Attending school, “would be about the same as getting into paradise”.>Booker T. Washington

May 10, 2010

1. Which of the following groups is practicing environmentalism?

*Volunteers who pull trash out of rivers in the spring.

Vocab due Wednesday!

Guided Reading 14-31) Environmentalism is protecting our environment. 2) Most states the work with the EPA to monitor air and water

quality and by inspecting industrial facilities.3) Incineration, recycling4) They have limited the amounts and kinds of waste that

factories may discharge.5) They eliminate lead from gasoline. They car pool more.

Promoted public transportation. More energy-efficient cars made. To equip cars with helpful

6) Land disposal

1. Policy- a guiding course of action2. Public policy- the course of action the government takes

in response to an issue or problem3. Planning Commission-an advisory group to a community4. Short-term plan- a government policy being carried out

over the next few years5. Long-term plan-a government plan for policy that can

span 10 to 50 years6. Infrastructure- a community’s system of roads, bridges,

water, and sewers7. Priority- the goals a community considers most

important or most urgent8. Resource-the money people and materials available to

accomplish a community’s goals 9. Master plan-a plan that states a set of goals and

explains how the government will carry them out to meet changing needs over timE

Vocabulary Ch. 14

10. Charter school- a school that receives state funding but is excused from meeting many public school regulations

11. Tuition voucher- program providing subsidies for education payments, allowing families the option of sending students to private schools.

12. Community policing- local police force visibly keeping the peace and patrolling neighborhoods

13. Welfare- the health, prosperity, and happiness of the members of a community

14. Environmentalism- movement concerned with protecting the environment

15. Solid waste- the technical name for garbage16. Landfill- place where garbage is dumped17. NIMBY- “not in my backyard”, attitude people have

regarding placement of new landfill sites.18. Toxic- poisonous or deadly19. Recycle- reusing old materials to make new ones20. Conservation- the careful preservation and

protection of natural resources

May 11, 20101. Congress established the

Environmental Protection Agency in order to?

* REDUCE POLLUTION

Junior Achievement today!

1. Critics of welfare programs believe that welfare promotes….

*Dependency

May 12, 2010

1. When the local Parent Teacher Association asks

how many volunteers will help clean up the playground, they are

evaluating…….*resources.

May 13, 2010

Junior Achievement today!

1. Broad policy that guides a community’s future needs?

*Long-term plan

May 14, 2010

May 17, 2010

1. The first known system of written law is…

*The Code of Hammurabi

*Guided reading*1. They keep peace and prevent violent acts, set rules for

resolving disagreements, include the administration of justice, and set punishments.

2. Good laws should be fair-show equality for everyone, reasonable-not too harsh punishment, understandable-not too complicated, and laws must be enforceable by authority.

3. The Code of Hammurabi4. As Roman Empire grew it brought roman law with them

when they took over Europe and parts of Africa and Asia.5. He updated it and named it the Napoleon code.6. English law7. Common law is laws based on court decisions rather than on

a legal code.

May 18, 2010

1. What is the most important source of

American Law?*English Law

Junior Achievement today!

*CH. 15 Test May 27*Ch. 15 content vocab

due Thurs.1. Party that brings

charges-plaintiff2. Individual or group

accused-defendant

May 19, 2010

Guided Reading1. Criminal law, civil law, public law2. The courtroom serves as an arena in which

lawyers for opposing sides try to present their strongest cases.

3. The plaintiff is the party that brings charges. A defendant is the person accused.

4. Four examples of felonies are murder, rape, arson, and robbery.

5. A lawsuit6. When you slip on ice on your neighbor’s

side walk and break a leg. 7. Ida Wells-Barnett8. Cases involving constitutional law decide

the limits of the government’s powers and the rights of the individual.

1. Larceny is the unlawful taking away of another person’s

property with the intent to never return it. Robbery is taking of person’s possessions by using

force or threats. Burglary is the unlawful entry into any dwelling or structure with the intention to

commit a crime.

May 20, 2010

Last day of Junior Achievement today….Aww.

1. Common law- a system of law based on precedent and customs2. Precedent- a ruling that is used as the basis for a judicial decision in a

later, similar case3. Statute- a law written by a legislative branch4. Plaintiff- a person or party filing a lawsuit5. Defendant- an individual or group being sued or charged with a crime6. Felony- a serious crime such as rape, murder, or robbery7. Misdemeanor- a relatively minor offence such as vandalism or stealing

inexpensive items8. Larceny- the unlawful taking away of another person’s property with the

intent never to return it9. Robbery- the taking of property from a person’s possession by using force

or threats10.Burglary- unlawful entry into any dwelling or structure11.Lawsuit- a legal action in which a person or group sues to collect damages

for some harm that is done12.Tort- wrongful act for which an injured party has the right to sue13.Libel- written untruths that are harmful to someone’s reputation14.Constitutional law- branch of law dealing with formation, construction, and

interpretation of constitutions

Ch. 15 Vocab

15.Bill of attainder- a law that punishes a person accused of a crime without a trial or a fair hearing in court

16.Ex post facto law- a law that would allow a person to be punished for an action that was not against the law when it was committed

17.Due process of law- procedures established by law and guaranteed by the Constitution

18.Search warrant- a court order allowing law enforcement officers to search a suspect’s home or business and take specific items as evidence

19.Double jeopardy- putting someone on trial for a crime of which he or she was previously acquitted

20.Grand jury-a group of citizens that decides whether there is sufficient evidence to accuse someone of a crime

21.Plea bargain-negotiation between the defense attorney and the prosecutor

22.Bail- a sum of money used as a security deposit to ensure that an accused person returns for his or her trial

23.Stare decises- the practice of using earlier judicial rulings as a basis for deciding cases

24.Writ of habeas corpus- a court order that requires police to bring a prisoner to court to explain why they are holding the person