TURKS AND MONGOLS

MUSLIM WORLD 1000 AD

TURKS AND MONGOLS

• VOCABULARY

• SELJUK TURKS OTTOMAN TURKS

• SALADIN SULTAN

• RICHARD THE LION-HEARTED

• GENGHIS KHAN

• MONGOLS

• MAMLUKS

TURKS AND MONGOLS

• TURKS MIGRATE INTO ABBASID EMPIRE -

1000AD

• LEADER IS SELJUK -CONVERTS TO ISLAM

• DOMINATED WORLD OF ISLAM

• 1055 INVADED BAGHDAD

• KEPT ABBASID CALIPHS

TURKS AND MONGOLS

• CALIPHS RULED BUT SULTANS WERE REAL

POWER

• DEFEATED GREEKS AT MANZIKERT

• ASIA MINOR OPEN TO TURK CONQUEST

• SPARKED FIRST CRUSADE

TURKS AND MONGOLS• SELJUK ARMIES INVADE BYZANTIME

EMPIRE

• POPE ASKS FOR HELP FROM WESTERN

CHRISTENDOM

• FIRST CRUSADE MOST SUCCESSFUL –

TOOK SELJUK TURKS BY SURPRISE

• 1100 – CRUSADER STATES IN PALESTINE &

SYRIA

TURKS AND MONGOLS

• CRUSADERS KILLED JEWS, MUSLIMS, AND

ARAB CHRISTIANS BECAUSE THEY COULD

NOT TELL AN ENEMY FROM A FRIEND –

CRUSADERS DID NOT SPEAK ARABIC

TURKS AND MONGOLS

• OVER TIME ACQUIRED MEDICAL AND

SCIENTIFIC SKILLS FROM THE MUSLIMS

• 1150 – TURKS QUARREL AMONGST

THEMSELVES

• SALADIN WAITS FOR LAST FATIMID RULER

TO DIE AND SEIZES POWER

• COMPETENT RULER AND CONQUEROR

TURKS AND MONGOLS

• 1187 SALADIN RECAPTURES JERUSALEM

• WEST LAUNCHES THIRD CRUSADE

• LED BY RICHARD OF ENGLAND,

BARBAROSSA OF GERMANY AND PHILIP

AUGUSTUS OF FRANCE

• IN-FIGHTING – BARBAROSSA DROWNED;

PHILIP WENT HOME; RICHARD STAYED

TURKS AND MONGOLS

• SALADIN AND RICHARD SIGN 10 YEAR

TRUCE TO ALLOW PILGRIMS SAFE ACCESS

TO JERUSALEM

• SALADIN HAD BEEN PREPARED TO DO

THAT BEFORE THE FIGHTING

• 1193 SALADIN HAD DESTROYED ALMOST

ALL OF CRUSADER STATES

TURKS AND MONGOLS

• MID 1200’S – GENGHIS KHAN DEVASTED

AREAS OF THE MIDDLE EAST THAT HAVE

STILL NOT RECOVERED

• MUSLIM WORLD SHATTERED BY THE END OF

ABBASID DYNASTY

• MILLIONS KILLED IN CENTRAL AND WESTERN

ASIA DURING MONGOL INVASIONS

TURKS AND MONGOLS

• MUCH OF CULTURAL HERITAGE OF ISLAM WAS

LOST

• MAMLUKS – MERCENARY ARMY FROM EGYPT –

STOPPED THE MONGOLS FROM GOING WEST

• MONGOLS TURNED BACK TO IRAQ AND PERSIA

• MONGOL DESCENDANTS GRADUALLY CONVERTED

AND WERE ASSIMILATED INTO POPULATIONS IN

SW ASIA

TURKS AND MONGOLS

• MUSLIM TURKS IN EGYPT, SYRIA AND ASIA MINOR

HOLD ON TO MUSLIM HERITAGE

• 1300 OTTOMAN TURKS CONQUER LANDS ON EDGE

OF BYZANTIME EMPIRE AND CONTROL ASIA MINOR

• 1453 – OTTOMAN TURKS TAKE CONSTANTINOPLE-

CHANGED NAME TO ISTANBUL

• WENT AS FAR AS SE EUROPE (HUNGARY, GREECE,

ROMANIA, BULGARIA)

TURK S AND MONGOLS

• OTTOMAN TURKS THREATENED WESTERN

CHRISTENDOM

• EMPIRE LASTED UNTIL END OF WWI