tutorial week 15.pptx

7/29/2019 Tutorial Week 15.pptx

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TUTORIAL WEEK 15

Further discussion on the needs

of accents in a society.


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The first children to grow up in a new place

are very important.

The children who grow up together are a

'peer group'. They want to speak the same as

each other to express their group identity.

The accent they develop as they go through

their childhood will become the basis for the

accents of the new place.


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The first generation of children will draw on theaccents of the adults around them, and willcreate something new.

If people move to a new place in groups (asEnglish speakers did to America, Australia andNew Zealand) that group usually brings severaldifferent accents with them.

The children will draw on the mixture of accentsthey hear and create their own accent out ofwhat they hear.


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The modern accents of Australia are more similar toLondon accents of English than to any other accentfrom England -- this is probably because the foundergeneration (in the eighteenth century) had a large

component drawn from the poor of London, who weretransported to Australia as convicts.

The accents of New Zealand are similar to Australianaccents because a large proportion of the early English-

speaking settlers of New Zealand came from Australia.


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The mix found in the speech of the settlers of a newplace establishes the kind of accent that their childrenwill develop. But the first generation born in the newplace will not keep the diversity of their parents'

generation -- they will speak with similar accents to theothers of their age group.

And if the population grows slowly enough, thechildren will be able to absorb subsequent childreninto their group, so that even quite large migrations of

other groups (such as Irish people into Australia) willnot make much difference to the accent of the newplace.


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Most parents know this. If someone from

New York (US) marries someone from Glasgow

(Scotland, UK), and these two parents raise a

child in Leeds (England, UK), that child will not

speak like either of the parents, but will speak

like the children he (I know of such a child!) is

at school with.


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First of all, you have to realize that an accent ismade up of three parts: intonation, liaisons, andpronunciation.

You have to learn the "rules" of these threecomponents of your new language. The work"rule" is in quotes because in speech all "rules"may be broken by native speakers in special

circumstances. Still, if a "rule" helps you 9 timesout of ten, you shouldn't complain if it fails youonce.


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Intonation is the most important and the

most difficult to change. It is the "music", the

rhythm or a language.

Liaisons, or linkages, are the ways that words

and parts of words are linked together in a

language. This may be very different from how

you do it in your native language.


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And pronunciation is the way that sounds are

made in the new language. These sounds may

be similar (rarely exactly the same) to the

sounds of your own language, or they may be

very different. To learn the sounds, you have

to learn where in the mouth the sound is

made, how it is made, and the position of thetongue in making the sound.

tutorial week 15.pptx

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