Types of Conflict

1. Non-Governmental Conflict

2. Nationalistic and Ethnocentric Conflict

3. Major “Traditional” Conflicts

4. The Cold War

Non-Governmental Conflict

• Terrorism– Futile Search for Roots of Terrorism– Where does terrorism occur?

• Tribalism– Humans have a need of belonging.

• Organized Crime– Political machines in place to fulfill citizen demand for

illegal gambling, liquor, sex, …

Nationalistic & Ethnocentric Conflict

• Balkan Wars– 1912-1913 fight for Ottoman Empire territory

• Rwanda– 1994 genocide of 800 000 in 100 days– Shake Hands with the Devil

Nationalistic & Ethnocentric Conflict

• Ethnocentrism – Thinking one's own group's ways are superior to

others

• India and Pakistan– Created after the departure of the British

• Israel and Arab Nations– 1 Jewish state v. 21 Arab states

Major “Traditional” Conflicts

• Korean War

Major “Traditional” Conflicts

• Vietnam War

The Cold War

1. Espionage2. McCarthyism3. Space Race4. Arms Race5. Bomber Gap6. U-2 Incident7. Missile Gap8. Bay of Pigs9. Cuban Missile Crisis

Cold War – McCarthyism

• U.S. Senator Joseph McCarthy

• 1953-1954 Hearings on “Un-American Activities”

• Excerpts from the McCarthy Hearings– Military officers– Newspaper editors– Musical composers

Cold War – Bomber Gap

• The fear of Soviet superiority in the area of intercontinental bombers

• Soviets flew just 2 different bombers past the Americans several times, giving the illusion of having many active bombers

• Americans knew that the Soviets had a bomber with nuclear and long range capability, but did they have 1 or 100?

• The U.S. response? ….

Cold War – The U2 Incident

• The U2 bomber was built in response to the Soviet Bison aircraft– 70 000 feet high– 3000 nautical miles range

• First flight was detected by the Soviets, but was unreachable by 20 000 feet

• U2 still used – discovered missiles in Cuba and flew missions in Gulf War I

Cold War – Space Race

• Could satellites safely fly over enemy territory and take pictures of military activities?

• In addition, the rocket demonstrated a new form of international warfare

• USSR and US raced to become the first to use rockets successfully – for the exploration of space – to demonstrate the potential use of rockets as weapons

Cold War – Missile Crisis

• American U2 planes detected nuclear missiles just 90 miles off the coast of Florida

• U.S. forces were at their highest state of readiness and Soviet forces were authorized to use tactical nuclear weapons

• Could President Kennedy and Premier Khrushchev come to a settlement?