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New TESTAMENT FOUNDATIONS CLASS 5 Pages 58-71

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONS CLASS 5 Pages 58-71

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONCLASS NUMBER 5SECTION ONENew Testament Theology

•Types of Criticism•DISCOVERING THE TOOLS THAT HELP GOOD SCHOLARS RECOGNIZE THE BIBLE. •HOW CAN THEY HELP US?

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONREVELATION 1:9-11I, John, both your brother and

companion in the tribulation and kingdom and patience of Jesus Christ, was on the

island that is called Patmos for the word of God and for the

testimony of

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FOUNDATIONREVELATION 1:9-11Jesus Christ. 10 I was in the

Spirit on the Lord’s Day, and I heard behind me a loud voice,

as of a trumpet, 11 saying, “I am the Alpha and the Omega, the

First and the Last,” and,

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FOUNDATIONREVELATION 1:9-11 “What you see, write in a book and send it to the

seven churches which are in Asia: to Ephesus, to Smyrna, to

Pergamos, to Thyatira, to Sardis, to Philadelphia, and to

Laodicea.”

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONS •TYPES OF CRITICISM

-SOURCE CRITICISM-TRADITIONAL CRITICISM-HISTORICAL CRITICISM

Detective work discovering the real truths that the text is trying to speak to the world about.

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONS •TYPES OF CRITICISM

-SOURCE CRITICISM

What is the source of the material? Who wrote it and what was the relationship between his material and other material in the New Testament?

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONJUDE 1:3-4 “Beloved, while I was very

diligent to write to you concerning our common

salvation, I found it necessary to write to you exhorting you to contend earnestly for the faith

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FOUNDATIONJUDE 1:3-4which was once for all delivered to the saints. 4 For certain men have crept in unnoticed, who long ago were marked out for this condemnation, ungodly men, who turn the grace of

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FOUNDATIONJUDE 1:3-4our God into lewdness and

deny the only Lord God and our Lord Jesus Christ.

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FOUNDATIONJUDE 1:6-76 And the angels who did not

keep their proper domain, but left their own abode, He has

reserved in everlasting chains under darkness for the

judgment of the great day;

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FOUNDATIONJUDE 1:6-77 as Sodom and Gomorrah, and

the cities around them in a similar manner to these, having

given themselves over to sexual immorality and gone

after strange flesh,

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FOUNDATIONJUDE 1:6-7are set forth as an example, suffering the vengeance of

eternal fire.

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FOUNDATIONIS THIS TEXT ALONE, IN ITS STRANGE ACCOUNTING OF

WHAT HAPPENED AT SODOM?

IS THERE ANOTHER TEXT SOURCE THAT CONFIRMS IT?

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:1-3 But there were also false

prophets among the people, even as there will be false

teachers among you, who will secretly bring in destructive heresies, even denying the

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:1-3Lord who bought them, and bring on themselves swift

destruction. 2 And many will follow their destructive ways, because of whom the way of

truth will be blasphemed.

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:1-33 By covetousness they will exploit you with deceptive words; for a long time their judgment has not been idle,

and their destruction does not slumber.

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-11 For if God did not spare the angels who sinned, but cast

them down to hell and delivered them into chains of darkness, to be reserved for

judgment; 5 and did not spare the ancient

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-11world, but saved Noah, one of

eight people, a preacher of righteousness, bringing in the

flood on the world of the ungodly; 6 and turning the cities

of Sodom and Gomorrah

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-11into ashes, condemned them to

destruction, making them an example to those who

afterward would live ungodly; 7 and delivered righteous Lot,

who was oppressed by the filthy

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-11conduct of the wicked 8 (for that righteous man, dwelling among them, tormented his righteous soul from day to day by seeing

and hearing their lawless deeds)—

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-119 then the Lord knows how to

deliver the godly out of temptations and to reserve the

unjust under punishment for the day of judgment, 10 and especially those who walk

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-11according to the flesh in the

lust of uncleanness and despise authority. They are

presumptuous, self-willed. They are not afraid to speak evil of

dignitaries,

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-1111 whereas angels, who are

greater in power and might, do not bring a reviling accusation against them before the Lord.

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONKEY POINTS:

In SOURCE CRITICISM we look at whether two sources agree in theology and reconciliation of previous scriptures. Does their theology line up?

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FOUNDATIONKEY POINTS:

In SOURCE CRITICISM we also look at where the source gained their SOURCES from which they are writing theological instruction (in this case the TANACH).

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONANOTHER GOOD EXAMPLE•Who are the disciples in the

GOSPEL RECORDS? Are they all the same?

•Who is Jesus in the GOSPEL RECORDS? Is He the same in all

of them?

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FOUNDATIONKEY POINTS:

In SOURCE CRITICISM we also look at where the source lived, worked and was engaged in a community. Was he a loner or was he active in the community of Christ?

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONS •TYPES OF CRITICISM

-TRADITIONAL CRITICISM

Traditional Criticism sought to construct trajectories that were judged to unpack the development of tradition.

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONTHE GRACE TRADITION OR THE CHURCH TRADITION

•Where did the traditions of the Church come from? Some are

Biblical, some are cultural.•Biblical traditions.

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FOUNDATION

GRACE TRADITION

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FOUNDATIONGALATIANS 1:6-8I marvel that you are turning away so soon from Him who

called you in the grace of Christ, to a different gospel,

7 which is not another; but there are some who trouble you and

want

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FOUNDATIONGALATIANS 1:6-8to pervert the gospel of Christ.

8 But even if we, or an angel from heaven, preach any other

gospel to you than what we have preached to you, let him

be accursed.

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FOUNDATIONGALATIANS 2:1-10Then after fourteen years I went up again to Jerusalem

with Barnabas, and also took Titus with me. 2 And I went up

by revelation, and communicated to them that

gospel which

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONGALATIANS 2:1-10I preach among the Gentiles,

but privately to those who were of reputation, lest by any

means I might run, or had run, in vain. 3 Yet not even Titus who

was with me, being a Greek,

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FOUNDATIONGALATIANS 2:1-10was compelled to be

circumcised. 4 And this occurred because of false brethren

secretly brought in (who came in by stealth to spy out our

liberty which we have in Christ Jesus,

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FOUNDATIONGALATIANS 2:1-10that they might bring us into

bondage), 5 to whom we did not yield submission even for an

hour, that the truth of the gospel might continue with you.

6 But from those who seemed

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONGALATIANS 2:1-10to be something—whatever

they were, it makes no difference to me; God shows

personal favoritism to no man—for those who seemed to be something added nothing to

me.

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONGALATIANS 2:1-107 But on the contrary, when

they saw that the gospel for the uncircumcised had been

committed to me, as the gospel for the circumcised was to Peter 8 (for He who worked

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONGALATIANS 2:1-10effectively in Peter for the

apostleship to the circumcised also worked effectively in me

toward the Gentiles), 9 and when James, Cephas, and John,

who seemed to be pillars,

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONGALATIANS 2:1-10perceived the grace that had been given to me, they gave me and Barnabas the right hand of fellowship, that we

should go to the Gentiles and they to the circumcised.

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONGALATIANS 2:1-1010 They desired only that we

should remember the poor, the very thing which I also was

eager to do.

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FOUNDATIONGALATIANS 2:1-1010 They desired only that we

should remember the poor, the very thing which I also was

eager to do.

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FOUNDATIONKEY POINTS:

In TRADITION CRITICISM we also look at WHO is recognized as apostles by others who are also apostles. Any material that says differently is tossed out.

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONGALATIANS 2:11-16 Now when Peter had come to Antioch, I withstood him to

his face, because he was to be blamed; 12 for before certain men came from James, he

would eat with the Gentiles;

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONGALATIANS 2:11-16but when they came, he withdrew and separated

himself, fearing those who were of the circumcision. 13 And the

rest of the Jews also played the hypocrite with him,

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FOUNDATIONGALATIANS 2:11-16so that even Barnabas was

carried away with their hypocrisy. 14 But when I saw

that they were not straightforward about the truth

of the gospel, I said to Peter before them all,

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FOUNDATIONGALATIANS 2:11-16 “If you, being a Jew, live in the manner of Gentiles and not as the Jews, why do you compel Gentiles to live as Jews? 15 We who are Jews by nature, and not sinners of the Gentiles,

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONGALATIANS 2:11-1616 knowing that a man is not

justified by the works of the law but by faith in Jesus Christ,

even we have believed in Christ Jesus, that we might be justified

by faith in Christ and not by

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONGALATIANS 2:11-16the works of the law; for by the works of the law no flesh shall

be justified.

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FOUNDATIONKEY POINTS:

In TRADITION CRITICISM we also look at WHICH authority is recognized as SUPREME. Even the apostles were corrected by the HOLY SPIRIT.

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FOUNDATIONKEY POINTS:

In TRADITION CRITICISM any material that lets MAN and his mortal thoughts ATTEMPT TO MOVE or dislodge the revelation of the HOLY SPIRIT doctrines, we toss out.

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FOUNDATIONS •TYPES OF CRITICISM

-HISTORICAL CRITICISM

HISTORICAL criticism seeks to capture the culture in which WORDS were used to communicate the WORD.

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-22For if God did not spare the angels who sinned, but cast

them down to hell and delivered them into chains of darkness, to be reserved for

judgment; 5 and did not spare the ancient

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-22world, but saved Noah, one of

eight people, a preacher of righteousness, bringing in the

flood on the world of the ungodly; 6 and turning the cities

of Sodom and Gomorrah into

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-22ashes, condemned them to

destruction, making them an example to those who

afterward would live ungodly; 7 and delivered righteous Lot,

who was oppressed by the filthy

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-22conduct of the wicked 8 (for that righteous man, dwelling among them, tormented his righteous soul from day to day by seeing

and hearing their lawless deeds)—

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-229 then the Lord knows how to

deliver the godly out of temptations and to reserve the

unjust under punishment for the day of judgment, 10 and especially those who walk

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-22according to the flesh in the

lust of uncleanness and despise authority. They are

presumptuous, self-willed. They are not afraid to speak evil of

dignitaries,

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-2211 whereas angels, who are

greater in power and might, do not bring a reviling accusation against them before the Lord.

But these (FALSE TEACHERS), like natural brute beasts made to

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-22be caught and destroyed,

speak evil of the things they do not understand, and will utterly perish in their own corruption, 13 and will receive the wages of

unrighteousness,

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-22as those who count it pleasure to carouse in the daytime. They

are spots and blemishes, carousing in their own

deceptions while they feast with you, 14 having eyes full of

adultery and that cannot

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-22cease from sin, enticing

unstable souls. They have a heart trained in covetous

practices, and are accursed children. 15 They have forsaken the right way and gone astray,

following the way of

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-22Balaam the son of Beor, who

loved the wages of unrighteousness; 16 but he was rebuked for his iniquity: a dumb donkey speaking with a man’s voice restrained the madness

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-22of the prophet.

17 These are wells without water, clouds carried by a

tempest, for whom is reserved the blackness of darkness

forever.18 For when they speak great swelling words

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-22of emptiness, they allure

through the lusts of the flesh, through lewdness, the ones who have actually escaped from those who live in error. 19 While they promise them

liberty,

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-22they themselves are slaves of

corruption; for by whom a person is overcome, by him

also he is brought into bondage. 20 For if, after they

have escaped

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-22the pollutions of the world

through the knowledge of the Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, they are again entangled in

them and overcome, the latter end is worse for them than the

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-22beginning. 21 For it would have

been better for them not to have known the way of

righteousness, than having known it, to turn from the holy

commandment delivered to them.

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FOUNDATION2 PETER 2:4-2222 But it has happened to them according to the true proverb:

“A dog returns to his own vomit,” and, “a sow, having

washed, to her wallowing in the mire.”

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONKEY POINTS:

In HISTORICAL CRITICISM we must consider that all the MORAL touch points are rooted in the Jewish Scriptures.

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FOUNDATIONKEY POINTS:

In HISTORICAL CRITICISM we MUST remember that the NEW TESTAMENT church was birthed out of the HISTORICAL TRADITIONS OF THE JEWISH FAITH.

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New TESTAMENT

FOUNDATIONKEY POINTS:

In HISTORICAL CRITICISM we MUST remember that WE CAN NEVER DISCONNECT THE NEW TESTAMENT from the OLD TESTAMENT!!!!!!!!!!!!