TYPES OF DAM &

TOP 10 INDIAN DAMSGANDHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY,GUNUPUR,RAYAGADA,765022

Prepared by 13cv001 Kuresh Chandra Tripathy13cv011 Subin Kumar Behera13cv019 Satyajit Behera13cv029 Suraj Kumar Agrawal

DAM

A dam is a barrier that impounds water or underground streams.

A dam can also be used to collect water or for storage of water which can be evenly distributed between locations.

Dams generally serve the primary purpose of retaining water.

Classification

According to use

Storage dam

Diversion dam

Detention Dam

According to hydraulic design

Non overflow

Overflow dam

By materials

Rigid dam

Gravity dam Arch

damButtress dam

Steel dam Earth

dam

Non rigid dam

Earth dam

Rock fill

dam

Earth dams :-An embankment dam is a large artificial dam. It is typically created by the placement and compaction of a complex semi-plastic mound of various compositions of soil, sand, clay, or rock. It has a semi-pervious waterproof natural covering for its surface and a dense, impervious core.

Rock fill dams:- A rockfill dam is a type of embankment dam which comprises primarily compacted

rock materials. Shaped much like a bank or hill, rockfill dams are effective because the force of the river or reservoir hits the core of the embankment, is exerted in a downward direction, and transferred to the solid foundation of the dam.

Gravity dams:- A gravity dam is a dam constructed from concrete or stone masonry

and designed to hold back water by primarily utilizing the weight of the material alone to resist the horizontal pressure of water pushing against it. Gravity dams provide some advantages over embankment dams.

Arch dams:- An arch dam is a solid dam made of concrete that is curved

upstream in plan. The arch dam is designed so that the force of the water against it, known as hydrostatic pressure, presses against the arch, compressing and strengthening the structure as it pushes into its foundation or abutments.

Steel dams:- A steel dam is a type of dam (a structure to impound or retard the

flow of water) that is made of steel, rather than the more common masonry, earthworks, concrete or timber construction materials.

Buttress dam:- A buttress dam or hollow dam is a dam with a solid, water-tight

upstream side that is supported at intervals on the downstream side by a series of buttresses or supports. The dam wall may be straight or curved

Timber dams:- a dam whose main load-carrying structural elements are made of

wood, primarily coniferous varieties such as pine and fir. Timber dams are made for small heads (2-4 m or, rarely, 4-8 m) and usually have sluices; according to the design of the apron they are divided into pile, crib, pile-crib, and buttressed dams.

10 Major Dams of India

1.CHERUTHONI DAM, KERALA

Cheruthoni Dam, the largest concrete gravity dam in Kerala, is located close to Idukki arch dam. It is the third highest dam in India with a 454 feet-high across River Cheruthoni. Idukki is a hill station in India, is much famous for its wildlife treasure keenly followed by other attractions too. These two dams are one of best picnic spot for the tourists, The Idukki and Cheruthoni dams opened to the public in connection with the Onam festival season. At the end of the Cheruthoni dam continue walking along the properly fenced road lead to Idukki Dam. The height of 560 feet brought a thrilling experience and wonderful view of greens valley.

Height: 450 feetLength: 2300 feetType: Concrete Gravity DamRiver: Cheruthoni RiverLocation: KeralaInstalled capacity: 32 MW

CHERUTHONI DAM, KERALA

2.Indira Sagar Dam, Madhya Pradesh Indira sagar dam built on the Narmada river with a

height of 92m. is concrete gravity dam, located in Khandwa district of Madhya Pradesh. Indira sagar project was the key project on Narmada river providing excellent storage site of water. Indira Sagar Dam has the biggest reservoir in India.

Height: 92 mLength: 653 mType: Concrete Gravity DamRiver: Narmada RiverLocation: Madhya PradeshInstalled capacity: 1,000 MW

INDIRA SAGAR DAM, MADHYA PRADESH

3.KRISHNARAJSAGAR DAM, KARNATAKA Krishnarajasagar dam built across Kaveri

River near Mysore in Karnataka. It is one of the principal and largest dam built on the river Kaveri in Karnatakain, South India. The Kaveri is one of the major river in India and there is a Famous and beautiful Brindavan Gardens attached to the dam, its a part of the Krishna Raja Sagar Dam and is the most beautiful gardens in Mysore and one of best Garden in India.

Height: 125 feetLength: 3.5kmType: Masonry DamRiver: Kaveri RiverLocation: KarnatakaInstalled capacity: 200 MW

KRISHNARAJASAGAR DAM, KARNATAKA

4.METTUR DAM, TAMIL NADU Mettur Dam built across Kaveri River at Salem

district in Tamil Nadu with a height of 120 ft. It is one the largest and one of the oldest dam built in India. Mettur Dam has biggest and the most power generating capacity dam in Tamil Nadu. Mettur Dam is very beautiful place of tourist, the river is a wonderful site to explorer the nature.

Height: 120 ft.Length: 1700 metersType: Concrete DamRiver: Kaveri RiverLocation: Tamil NaduInstalled capacity: 32 MW

METTUR DAM, TAMIL NADU

5.BISALPUR DAM, RAJASTHAN The greatest dam of Rajasthan-Bisalpur, located in

Tonk District of Rajasthan. The dam is built across the Banas River between two mountains. The largest dam of Rajasthan-Bisalpur with a height of 39m is one of the honor of Rajasthan.Tonk dam attract vast variety of birds local as well as migratory.

Height: 130 ft.Length: 1883 ftType: Gravity DamRiver: Banas RiverLocation:RajasthanInstalled capacity: 172 MW

BISALPUR DAM, RAJASTHAN

6.KOYNA DAM, MAHARASHTRA Koyna Dam is built across river koyana in Koyna

Naga Maharashtra with a height of 103m. It is one of the largest dams in Maharashtra located at western ghats. The lake founded by the Koyna dam is called The Shivaji Lake, the area is surrounded with the natural beauty of Sahyadri Mountains Ranges.

Height: 339 ft.Length: 2,648 ftType: Rubble-Concrete damRiver: Koyna RiverLocation: MaharashtraInstalled capacity: 1,920 MW

KOYNA DAM, MAHARASHTRA

7.MAITHON DAM, JHARKHAND Maithon Dam is built on the river of Barakar

located at Maithon and is a big dam in tribal state Jharkhand. Maithon Dam is one of the most popular dams in Jharkhand and one of the most successful multipurpose projects in India. This dam specially designed for flood control and generates high electric power. There is an underground power station, the first of its kind in the whole of South East Asia. Maithon Dam is the biggest reservoir in the Damodar Valley.

Height: 165 ftLength: 15,712 ftType: Concrete cum Earthen damRiver: Barakar RiverLocation: JharkhandInstalled capacity: 60 MW

MAITHON DAM, JHARKHAND

8.RIHAND DAM, UTTAR PRADESH

The Rihand dam has been built across Rihand River a tributary of Sone river, near Pipri in the Sonbhadra district of Uttar Pradesh. The concrete gravity dam has its maximum height that is 91m.  The reservoir made by Rihand dam is known as Govind Ballabh Pant (GBP) reservoir.

Height: 299 ftLength: 3064 ftType: Concrete Gravity damRiver: Rihand RiverLocation: Uttar PradeshInstalled capacity: 300 MW

RIHAND DAM, UTTAR PRADESH

9.TUNGABHADRA DAM, KARNATAKA TungaBhadra dam is constructed across river

Tungabhadra, a tributary of River Krishna, located approximately five km from Hospet town in Karnataka, which is also the largest dam in Karnataka. It offers a majestic sight, along with a Japanese garden, musical mountain and a beautiful scenery of nature.

Height: 49.38 metersLength: 2441 metersType: Earthen Gravity DamRiver: Tungabhadra RiverLocation: KarnatakaInstalled capacity: 72 MW

TUNGABHADRA DAM, KARNATAKA

10.BHAVANI SAGAR DAM, TAMIL NADU The Bhavani Sagar Dam constructed across

Bhavani river, is located 80 Km away from Coimbatore city, Tamil Nadu. This dam looks very beautiful and one of the important tourist place in the district of Erode. The Bhavanisagar dam is 8 km. long and it is the longest masonry dam in the world.

Height: 105 ftLength: 1700 metersType: Earthen damRiver: Bhavani RiverLocation: Tamil NaduInstalled capacity: 1,920 MW

BHABANISAGAR DAM, TAMIL NADU

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