types of door

INTERIOR DESIGN TOPIC –TYPES OF DOORS

TYPES OF DOOR

BY MADHVI SHARMA

CONTENT

Factors To Consider

Dimension Of Door

Technical Terms

Types Of Door Movement

Material Of Door Construction

Location Of Door

Door Frame

Types Of Door

FACTORS TO CONSIDER

Strength And Stability

Durability

Cost

Weather Resistance

Fire Resistance

Easy For The Maintenance

Sound Proof Ability

Thermal Comfort

Excellent Appearance

Environmental Friendly Materials

DIMENSION OF DOORS

Should Have Sufficient Space To Take Required Large Objects To The Room.

Minimum Widths Recommended For Public Building, External (Boundary Wall).

• 8 Feet To 13 Feet

Minimum Widths Recommended For Public Building, External (Main Door).

• 4 Feet

Minimum Widths Recommended For Public Building, Internal Doors.

• 3 Feet

The Width Of Door Leading To Bath Rooms Should Be Around .

• 2’6”

Height Of The Door Should Be .

• Height = 7 Feet

1. Frame - It Is A Combination Of Several Wooden Members To Support The

Door

2. Style - Style Is An External Vertical Member Of The Shutter.

3. Top Rail - It Is The Topmost Horizontal Member Of The Shutter

4. Lock Rail - It Is The Central Horizontal Member Of The Shutter Where

Locking Attachments Are Fixed.

5. Bottom Rail - It Is The Lowest Horizontal Member Of The Shutter.

6. Shutter - The Complete Assembly Of The Styles Panels And Rails Is Known

As A Shutter.

7. Panel - It Is The Enclosed Area Between The Rails.

TECHNICAL TERMS

8. Sash - It Is A Frame Made Of Light Sections And Is Used Iron Fixing The Glass

In The Panels.

9. Mullion - It Is A Vertical Member Running Through A Shutter Or Frame.

10. Louver - Louver Is A Timber Piece Which Is Attached In Inclined Position

Within A Frame.

11.Horn - It Is A Horizontal Projection Of Head Or Sill Beyond The Face Of The

Door Or Window Frame. Generally Horn Is 15 Cm Long.

12.Hold-fasts - These Are Provided On Vertical Sides Of The Vertical Door

Frames To Keep The Frame In Required Position. They Are Made Of Mild Steel

Flat Bars About 3 Cm Wide, 6 Cm Thick And 20 To 25 Cm Long.

TECHNICAL TERMS

13. Sill - It Is The Bottom Most Horizontal Member Forming The Frame.

14. Jamb - It Is The Vertical Face Of A Door Or Windows Opening Which

Supports The Frame.

15. Transom - It Is A Horizontal Member Which Divides The Door Or Window

Frame Into Several Panels.

16. Rebate - It Is A Depression Cut In The Frame To Accommodate Door.

TECHNICAL TERMS

SWINGING DOORS- This Type Of Doors Is Very Popular In Residential

Buildings.

There Are Two Types.

- Single Swinging

- Double Swinging

Single Swinging Double Swinging

TYPES OF DOOR MOVEMENT

REVOLVING DOORS- This Type Of Door Hangs On A Central Pivot And Can

Rotate. It Is Useful At Places Where Frequent Opening And Closing Of A Door Is

To Be Avoided.


SLIDING DOORS- In Case Of Such Doors, The Shutters Can Slide Either

Sideways, Or Upwards Or Downwards.

It Provides More Clear Space For Movement.

It Is More Suitable For Shops, Garages Workshops, Go Down, Etc.


FOLDING DOORS- These Doors Are Made Of Steel And Timber.

A Door With Vertical Jointed Sections That Can Be Folded Together To One Side

To Allow Access To A Room Or Building.


ROLLING SHUTTER DOORS- A Roller Shutter, Roller Door Or Sectional

Overhead Door Is A Type Of Door Or Window Shutter Consisting Of Many

Horizontal Slats (Or Sometimes Bars Or Web Systems) Hinged Together.


MATERIALS OF DOOR CONSTRUCTION

Timber Widely Used For The Construction Of Doors

Most Of The People Prefer Timber Because Of Its Appearance.

Doors Can Be Constructed With Solid Planks Or Timber Pieces.

To Increase The Lifetime Of Doors

Various Preservatives Are Added

Timber Is Seasoned


Plywood Plywood Is Very Useful For Flush Doors.

It Takes Good Polish And Provides Smooth And Plain Appearance

Glass Glass Pieces Are Fixed In Door Panels To Admit Light Inside The

Room.

Large Openings Fitted In Doors With Thick Glass Panels Impart A

Beautiful Appearance

The Glass May Be Of Various Types

Frosted GlassBeaded GlassRibbed Glass


Metal Steel And Aluminum Framed Doors Are Widely Used Due To The

Pleasing Appearance

If Properly Maintained, Their Life Is Very Long.

Hollow Metal Doors Fabricated Of A Metal Frame, Covered With Metal

Sheet Are Selected For Greater Strength, Life And Fire-resistance.

Concrete

Reinforced Cement Concrete Frames Are Used In Areas Where Doors

Are Exposed To Vermin, Fungus, White Ants Etc.


1. From Consideration Of Adequate Air Circulation Within The Room, The Doors

Should Be Provided In Opposite Walls Facing Each Other.

2.From Consideration Of Proper Space Utilization And Privacy, Doors Should Be As

For As Possible Be Located Near The Corner Of A Room

3.The Location Of The Door Should Meet The Functional Requirements Of The

Room.

4.The Number Of Doors In A Room Should Be Kept Minimum To Achieve Optimum

Utilization Of Space. Large Number Of Doors Besides Causing Obstruction,

Consume More Area In Circulation.

LOCATION OF DOOR

Door Frame Is Made Up Of Two Vertical Members Known As Jambs Or Posts And

A Flat Member Connecting The Jambs At Top Called Head. The Cross-sectional

Dimensions Of The Jamb And The Head Are Normally Kept Same. The Size Of

Door Frame Is Worked Out After Allowing A Clearance Of 5mm. Around For

Convenience Of Fixing The Frame In The Opening.

Post

Head

Finished Door

10 mm Rebate

DOOR FRAME

DOOR FRAME

HingeStile

LockStile

TopRail

BottomRail

LockRail

DOOR FRAME

HingeCasing

Casing

Threshold

Panels

DOOR FRAME

TYPES OF DOOR

Battened And Ledged Door

Battened And Ledged, Braced Door

Battened And Ledged, Braced, Framed Door

Panel Door

Six Panel Door

Panel And Glazed Door

Solid Core Type Flush Door

Fly Proof Door

Swing Door

BATTENED AND LEDGED DOOR

Frame75x100

Top ledge30x100

30mmThick batten

Middle ledge200x30

Bottom ledge30x100

Elevation

Definition

Battened And Ledged Door Picture This is the simplest form of

door commonly used for openings. The door consist of a series

of vertical battens usually tongued and grooved and fixed

together with horizontal battens known as ledges. There are

three ledges one each is fixed near the top and bottom and the

third one is ledge. The door is hung on the frame by iron

hinges.

Section

Elevation

Definition

This Is An Improved Form Of Battened And Ledged Door. In

This Type Of Door Additional Members Are Provided In The

Form Of Inclined Braces Between The Ledges. The Braces Are

Normally Housed And Not Tenoned Into The Ledges. In This

Position They Act As Struts And Provide Increased Rigidity

And Strength To The Door.

Section

BATTENED, LEDGED, BRACED DOOR

Bottom ledge30x100

middleledge200x30

Frame75x100

Top ledge30x100

30mmThick batten

Elevation

Definition

This Type Of Door Is Considered To The Superior In Strength,

Durability And Appearance To Other Two Type Of Doors

Above. The Frame Work Of This Type Of Door Consists Stiles,

Ledges And Braces. The Rails Positioned Near The Top, Middle

And The Bottom Of The Shutter Are Morticed And Tenoned

Into The Stiles.

Section

Frame75x100

BATTENED, LEDGED, BRACED,FRAMED DOOR

Bottom Rail200x35

Lock Rail150x35

20mmThick batten

Top Rail

Stile

Bottom Rail

Panel

Top Rail

Stile

Bottom Rail

Panel

Lock Rail

Top Rail

Mullion

Bottom Rail

Panel

Lock Rail

Top Rail

Bottom Rail

Panel

Mullion

Top Rail

Stile

Bottom Rail

IntermediateRail

Frieze rail

1. One Panel Door

Panel

2. Two Panel Door 3. Three Panel Door

Top Rail

4. Four Panel Door 5. Five Panel Door 6. Six Panel Door

PANEL DOORS

Definition

This Type Of Door Is Commonly Provided In All Types Of

Buildings. This Door Consists Of Timber Frame Work Of Stiles

And Rails Which Are Grooved On The Inside To Receive One

Or More Panels. Framed And Panelled Doors Are Made In

Several Designs To Suit The Functional As Well As

Architectural Requirements. Also Have 1,2,3,4 Panels.

Frame75x100

Panel15mm

Frieze Rail100x35

Bottom Rail200x35

Lock Rail150x35

Elevation

Section

SIX PANEL DOOR

Definition

This Type Of Door Is Used In Residential As Well As Public

Buildings Like Hospitals, Schools Or Colleges Etc. With A View

To Supplement The Natural Lighting Provided By Windows Or

To Make The Interior Of One Room Visible From The Adjacent

Room. Glazed Or Sash Doors Are Made In Several Designs.

They Can Be Glazed Fully Or Partly.Elevation

Section

Panelled And Glazed Door

Frame75x100

Bottom Rail200x35

Lock Rail150x35

Wooden Panel

Glass Panel

Definition

Elevation

Section

SOLID CORE TYPE FLUSH DOOR

Soft wood strips or Laminated Core Pieces

Crossband

Face veneerOrplywood

Bottom Rail

Top Rail

In This Type, The Wooden Frame Used For Holding The Core

Consists Of Stiles, Top Rail And Bottom Rail, Width Of Each

Member Being Not Less Than 5cm. The Frame Is Made Out Of

Selected Species Of Timber. The Width Of The Lipping Should

Be Equal To The Thickness Of The Core And Its Depth Should

Not Be Less Than 25mm.

Definition

In This Type, The Wooden Frame Used For Holding The Core

Consists Of Stiles, Top Rail And Bottom Rail, Width Of Each

Member Being Not Less Than 5cm. The Frame Is Made Out Of

Selected Species Of Timber. The Width Of The Lipping Should

Be Equal To The Thickness Of The Core And Its Depth Should

Not Be Less Than 25mm.Elevation

Section

SOLID CORE TYPE FLUSH DOOR

Solid coreof particleboard

Face veneerOrplywood

Bottom Rail

Top Rail

Definition

This type of door is used to check the entry of flies,

mosquitoes, insects etc. into the room and to allow free

circulation of air at the same time. The door consists of

vertical stiles and horizontal rails and the opening of the

panels are fitted with fine-mesh gauge. The G>I> wire is fixed

by use of nails and timber beading.Elevation

Section

FLY PROOF DOOR

Frame75x100

Bottom Rail200x35

Lock Rail150x35

Top Rail200x35

Wire-mesh

Definition

This Type Of Door Is Generally Used In Passages Of Public

Buildings Like Offices, Banks Etc. The Door May Have Single

Shutter Or Two Shutters. The Shutters Are Fixed With Special

Hinges Which Hold The Shutter In Closed Position When Not

In Use. Since These Doors Are Pushed Open, They Should

Have Glazed Shutters And Avoid Accidents.Elevation

Section

SWING DOOR

Frame75x100

Peep hole with glass

THANK-YOU FOR YOUR TIME………

INTERIOR DESIGN TOPIC –TYPES OF DOORS