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Types of Fashionand Trends

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Types of Fashion and Trends

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Chapter 5


Types of Fashion

The Fashion Cycle


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Chapter Objectives

Identify the types of fashion products.Explain the main categories of fashion apparel.Identify the classifications of fashion apparel categories.Explain the fashion cycle.Discuss the role of fashion leaders.Identify the different theories of fashion movement.Discuss the difference between fashion trends and fads.


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Types of Fashion Products

Manufacturers make a variety of lines.

lines groups of styles and designs produced and sold as a set of related products for a given season

Section 5.1


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Types of Fashion Products

The two main types of product lines are hardlinesand softlines.

hardlines lines of products that are non-textile, such as small and large appliances, home accessories, and items not made of fabric

Section 5.1

softlines lines of products made from textiles that include apparel and household items such as towels, table linens, and bedding


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Types of Apparel

Apparel is categorized by groups—women’s wear, men’s wear, and infants’ and children’s wear.

apparel term used for clothing, as in personal attire or garments

Section 5.1

Apparel producers designate a certain product number to represent each style of apparel.


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Types of Accessories

Producers present accessories in two seasonal lines each year.

accessories fashion items that are added to complete or enhance outfits

Section 5.1

Most accessories are softlines.

All accessories are categorized with soft goods.


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Home Furnishings

Fashion trends in the home furnishings industry move at a slower pace than those in the apparel industry.

home furnishings the fashion category that includes textiles used to furnish and decorate the home, such as towels, linens, and bedding

Section 5.1

Home Furnishings

Section 5.1

Categories of Home Furnishings

Domestics HomeFurnishings

FloorCoverings

Bed linens

Bathroom items

Table and kitchen linens

Windowtreatments

Upholsteryfurniture

Throw pillows

Carpeting

Rugs

Non-fabricfloor tiles

Many apparel designers also produce home furnishing lines.9


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Categories and Classifications in Apparel

The women’s wear category represents the largest share of the apparel industry.

The industry manufactures new lines for five different seasons each year.

The retail life of a line is approximately ten weeks.

Section 5.1


Section 5.1

Women’s Size RangesMisses Petite

Women’s Juniors

Sportswear separates

Dresses

Evening and bridal

Maternity

Outerwear

Suits

Active wear

Swimwear/beachwear

Intimate apparel

Accessories

Footwear

Miscellaneous apparel

Women’s Apparel Classifications

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Fashion marketers present new lines of men’s apparel twice a year.

Men’s sportswear apparel makers show new sportswear lines four times a year.

Section 5.1


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The fall/winter lines are the most important, followed by the spring/summer lines.

Different seasons determine fabric weight.

Section 5.1


Section 5.1

Tailored apparel

Furnishings

Sportswear

Miscellaneous apparel

Heavy outerwear

Work clothing

Footwear

Men’s Apparel Classifications

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There are three main production seasons for manufacturers of children’s apparel:

Section 5.1

Pre-FallSpring/SummerWinter/Holiday


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Licensing of children’s apparel is big business.

Safety trends affect the production of children’s wear.

Section 5.1


Section 5.1

Infants’ and Children’s Wear Classifications

Infant

Toddler

Young children

Girls

Boys

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Variety of Fashion

Categories and classifications of fashion products allow producers and retailers to more efficiently make, market, and sell fashion to consumers.

Section 5.1


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What are the three main merchandise categories of apparel?

What are the size classifications for women’s clothing?

How is children’s clothing classified?

1.

2.

3.

Section 5.1

5.1

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Quick Check Answers women’s wear, men’s wear, and infants’ and children’s wear Misses represents women’s regular sizes in even numbers from sized 2 to 14. The women’s size range includes plus sizes for larger women. Petite sizes are designed for women under 5 feet 4 inches. Junior sizes are odd-numbered sized from 1 to 13. Children’s clothing is classified by genders and age groups: infant, toddler, young children (sizes 2-6x), and children (sizes 6-12).


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Changing Fashions

The consumer dictates the fashions that are produced.

Producers must be able to respond to the ever-changing movement of demand.

Section 5.2


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The Fashion Cycle

To better understand the different phases of the fashion cycle, it is important to understand style, acceptance, and timeliness of fashions.

Section 5.2

fashion cycle the period of time or life span during which the fashion exits, moving through stages, from introduction through obsolescence


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The Fashion Cycle

Not only does a design go through phases during its cycle of existence, but special features, such as color, texture, and fabric, also go through fashion cycles.

Section 5.2

The Fashion Cycle

Section 5.2

Peak

Rise

Introduction

Decline

ObsolescenceAcceptance

TimeThe length of time that a particular fashion remains in any of the stages of the life cycle depends on the consumer’s willingness to accept the fashion.

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2

3

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5

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Fashion Movement

There are many factors that can affect fashion movement.

Section 5.2

fashion movement the ongoing motion of fashion moving through the fashion cycle

Economic and socialNew fibers and fabricsAdvertising techniques


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Fashion Movement

Fashion leaders start the upward climb of the fashion cycle.

Section 5.2

fashion leaders trendsetters, or individuals who are the first to wear new styles, after which the fashion is adopted by the general publicMedia celebrities often set

the fashion cycles in motion.


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Fashion Movement

Three theories of fashion movement identify the starting point of a fashion trend:

Section 5.2

fashion trend the direction of the movement of fashion that is accepted in the marketplace

Trickle-Down TheoryTrickle-Up TheoryTrickle-Across Theory


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Fashion Movement

The trickle-down theory is the oldest and most accepted theory of fashion change.

Section 5.2

trickle-down theory a hypothesis that states the movement of fashion starts at the top with consumers of higher socioeconomic status

As more people begin to wear popular fashions, those at the top become less interested and begin to look for something new.


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Fashion Movement

The trickle-up theory is the opposite of the trickle-down theory.

Section 5.2

trickle-up theory a hypothesis that states the movement of fashion starts with consumers on lower-income levels and then moves to consumers with higher incomes

Examples include:Athletic apparel styleHair stylePunk style


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Fashion Movement

The trickle-across theoryis especially probable in the 21st century because technology allows designer fashion to be copied quickly and easily.

Section 5.2

trickle-across theory a hypothesis stating that fashion acceptance begins among several socioeconomic classes at the same time

Fashion Movement

Section 5.2

Consumers with high socioeconmic status

Trend

General public

Trend

Consumers withhigher incomes

Consumers withlower incomes

Trend

Acceptance comes from several groups at

the same time

Trickle-DownTheory

Trickle-UpTheory

Trickle-AcrossTheory

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Fashion Trends vs. Fads

A fad can be recognized by its sudden appearance and disappearance.

Section 5.2

fad a fashion that is popular for a very short time

However, a trend can be a fad that has stood the test of time.


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Changing Fashions

The flux of consumer approval creates trends and fads—and keeps the fashion industry an exciting and dynamic business.

Section 5.2


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Operating an e-tail business on an electronic channel—the Web—can be costly, due to design, delivery, returns, and operating expenses.

Though Many larger dot-com companies crashed in the 1990’s, small stores like Harris Cyclery of West Newton, Massachusetts, actually increase sales using a basic Web site. Today, a third of Harris’s bicycle business rides in on the Web to get hard-to-find parts and personal service.

Describe an e-business’s home page to your class after viewing one through marketingseries.glencoe.com.

Online newsletters are a great way to keep up-to-date on the latest fashion news and trends. Subscribers can receive updates from favorite fashion houses.

What’s Hot, What’s Not

When subscribers enroll, they give information about themselves and permission to receive product updates.With this information, the newsletter producers develop subscriber mailing lists that provide marketers access to specific demographic groups.

Section 5.2

For more information, go to marketingseries.glencoe.com.33

http://www.marketingseries.glencoe.com/

http://www.marketingseries.glencoe.com/


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What are the five stages of the fashion cycle?

What are three theories of how fashions become popular?

What is the difference between a fashion trend and a fashion fad?

1.

2.

3.

Section 5.2

5.2

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Quick Check Answers The five stages of the fashion cycle are: introduction stage, rise stage, peak stage, decline stage, and obsolescence stage. tricke-down theory, trickle-up theory, and trickle-across theory A fad is a fashion that is popular for a short period of time, but a trend moves through the fashion cycle more slowly. A trend can be a fad that has lasted.


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1. Name the main types of product lines.

The main product lines are hardlines, such as non-textile home accessories, and softlines, such as textile items such as apparel and linens.

1. Categories of fashion apparel include women’s wear, men’s wear, infants’ wear, and children’s wear.

2. They designate a certain number to represent each style of apparel.

3. Types of fashion accessories include items such as footwear, handbags, headwear, scarves, neckties, jewelry, gloves, and hosiery.

4.

continued

Checking Concepts

2. Identify the categories of fashion apparel.

3. Identify how retailers designate each style of apparel.

4. List types of fashion accessories.

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Checking Concepts Answers The main product lines are hardlines, such as non-textile home accessories, and softlines, such as textile items such as apparel and linens. Categories of fashion apparel include women’s wear, men’s wear, infants’ wear, and children’s wear. They designate a certain number to represent each style of apparel. Types of fashion accessories include items such as footwear, handbags, headwear, scarves, neckties, jewelry, gloves, and hosiery.


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5. Explain the rise stage of the fashion cycle.

During the rise stage, fashions become accepted by more people because they can afford them. Mass production reduces the price of the fashion so more sales occur.

5. Fashion leaders are trendsetters, or individuals who are the first to wear new styles, after which the fashion is adopted by the public.

6. The trickle-down theory is a hypothesis that states the movement of fashion starts at the top with consumers of higher socio-economic status.

7.

continued

Checking Concepts

6. Define the term fashion leaders.

7. Explain the trickle-down theory of fashion movement.

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Checking Concepts Answers During the rise stage, fashions become accepted by more people because they can afford them. Mass production reduces the price of the fashion so more sales occur. Fashion leaders are trendsetters, or individuals who are the first to wear new styles, after which the fashion is adopted by the public. The trickle-down theory is a hypothesis that states the movement of fashion starts at the top with consumers of higher socio-economic status.


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Critical Thinking

Checking Concepts

8. Discuss how a fashion fad might become a fashion trend.

A trend can be a fad that has stood the test of time.

8.

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Checking Concepts Answers A trend can be a fad that has stood the test of time.


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