1.TYPES OF NUTRITION PRESENTED BY: ALFARHAN ZAHEDI X-C (05)

2. CONTENTS SELECT A TOPIC TO CONTINUE OR WAIT FOR A FEW SECONDS FOR AUTO-CONTINUATION NUTRITION What is nutrition? Why it is important? TYPES OF NUTRTION TYPES OF NUTRITION IN PLANTS AUTOTROPHIC MODE OF NUTRITION PHOTOAUTOTROPHIC MODE OF NUTRITION CHEMOAUTROPHIC MODE OF NUTRITION HETEROTROPHIC MODE OF NUTRITION PARASITIC SYMBIOTIC SAPROPHYTIC INSECTIVOROUS TYPES OF NUTRITION IN ANIMALS HETEROTROPHIC MODE OF NUTRITION HOLOZOIC MODE OF NUTRITION SAPROZOIC MODE OF NUTRITION FRUGIVORIC MODE OF NUTRITION INSECTIVOROUS MODE OF NUTRITION PARASITIC MODE OF NUTRITION BIBLIOGRAPY AND SOURES 3. NUTRITION What is nutrition and why it is important ? Nutrition (also called nourishment or aliment) is the provision, to cells and organisms, of the materials necessary (in the form of food) to support life. ::IMPORTANCE:: Give us vitality and energy for life. Boost our immune system. Delays the effects of aging. Keeps us active and fit in old age. Help beat tiredness and fatigue. Ward off serious illnesses like heart disease, certain cancers, mature-age onset, diabetes, and gallbladder disease.CONTINUE 4. AUTOTROPHIC MODE OF NUTRITIONPHOTOAUTOTROPHIC CHEMOAUTOTROPHICTYPES OF NUTRITION IN PLANTSSAPROPHYTIC PARASITICHETEROTROPHIC MODE OF NUTRITIONSYMBIOTIC INSECTIVOROUSNUTRITIONHOLOZOIC SAPROZOIC TYPES OF NUTRITION IN ANIMALSHETEROTROPHIC MODE OF NUTRITIONFRUGIVORIC INSECTIVOROUS ECTOPARASITES PARASITICENDOPARASITESCONTINUE 5. AUTOTROPHIC MODE OF NUTRITIONNUTRITION IN PLANTSPHOTOAUTOTROPHICCHEMOAUTOTROPHICSAPROPHYTICHETEROTROPHIC MODE OF NUTRITIONPARASITIC SYMBIOTIC INSECTIVOROUSPlant nutrition is of two types Autotrophic plant nutrition and heterotrophic plant nutrition. AUTOTROPHIC MODE OF NUTRITION The mode of nutrition in which plants which possess chlorophyll prepare their own food from CO2 and H2O in the presence of sunlight is called autotrophic mode of nutrition. HETEROTROPHIC MODE OF NUTRITION The mode of nutrition in which plants depend on others host plant or decaying organic matter for nutrition as they are devoid of chlorophyll is called heterotrophic mode of nutrition. CONTINUE 6. AUTOTROPHIC MODE OF NUTRITION IN PLANTS AUTOTROPHIC MODE OF NUTRITION IN PLANTSPHOTOAUTOTROPHICCHEMOAUTOTROPHICALL GREEN PLANTSNITRIFYING BACTERIAPURPLE, GREEN AND RED BACTERIAIRON BACTERIASULPHUR BACTERIAThe term autotroph has been derived from two Greek wards-auto means self and troph means nutrition. In this mode of nutrition, the organisms prepare their own food from simple raw materials like water, carbon dioxide and mineral salts in the presence of sunlight. Chlorophylls present in the chloroplast or green plants are the site of food production. Accordingly all green plants are the examples of this category. The process by which they synthesize food is known as photosynthesis. Some non-green bacteria like sulphur bacteria can use energy which they derive from some chemical reactions occurring in them. With this energy they manufacture their food. This process is called chemosynthesis. Thus the autotrophs include both the photosynthetic and chemosynthetic organisms. CONTINUE 7. PHOTOAUTOTROPHIC NUTRITION AND CHEMOAUTOTROPHIC NUTRITION GREEN PLANTSPHOTOAUTOTROPHIC NUTRITION : It is the type A PHOTOAUTOTROPH of nutrition in which the organism prepare their food by their own in presence of sunlight, carbon dioxide and water. It is called as photoautotrophic to indicate the involvement of sunlight as energy source. PURPLE BACTERIA A PHOTOAUTOTROPH Ex: Cyanobacteria (blue -green bacteria, prokaryotes), algae and green plants etc. CHEMOAUTOTROPHIC NUTRITION : In this type of nutrition, the organism can produce IRON BACTERIA their food by the help of chemical energy A CHEMOAUTOTROPH and they do not require for sunlight. This nutrition can be possible in night time too. The common examples are: nitrifying bacteria as nitrobactor, nitrosomonas, sulphur bacteria and iron bacteria. SULPHUR BACTERIA A CHEMOAUTOTROPHCONTINUE 8. HETEROTROPHIC MODE OF NUTRITION IN PLANTS HETEROTROPHIC NUTRITION IN PLANTS SAPROPHYTIC AGARICUS RHIZOPUSINSECTIVOROUSPARASITIC CUSCUTASYMBIOTIC ALGAE AND FUNGIVENUS FLYTRAP PITCHER PLANTThe process of nutrition by means of which plants unable to synthesize food matters, depend upon other living host plants or dead decaying organic matters for nutrition, is called heterotrophic mode of nutrition. The plants are called heterotrophic plants. VENUS FLYTRAP AN INSECTIVOROUS PLANTCONTINUE 9. SAPROPHYTIC NUTRITION AND PARASITIC NUTRITION PARASITIC NUTRITION : The process by which the plant obtain their necessary nutrition from any other living plants or animals is called parasitic nutrition. Plants drawing in nourishment are called parasites and from which nutrients are drawn in are called hosts. Parasites generally suck in the nutrients by haustoria of their adventitious roots. Ex- Cuscuta reflexa, Rafflesia arnoldi . CUSCUTA SAPROPHYTIC NUTRITION : The nutrition of certain non-green plants which draw their nourishment from the dead and decomposed organic substance formed as a result of decay of plants and animals is termed saprophytic nutrition . AGARICUS Ex- Mucor, Agaricus. CONTINUE 10. SYMBIOTIC NUTRITION AND INSECTIVOROUS NUTRITION SYMBIOTIC NUTRITION : When two organisms live in close association with each other for their mutual benefit in nutrition, the type of nutrition is called symbiotic nutrition. Each of the pair is called symbiont and the mode of their association is termed Symbiosis. Examples : (i) Lichen an association between an alga and fungus. Alga obtains water, Co2, minerals from the fungus whereas fungus draws in carbohydrate type of food matters and oxygen from alga and protects the alga from drying up. LICHENINSECTIVOROUS NUTRITION : Some non-green plants which are unable of drawing nitrogenous nutrients from soil secure the same from insects. These plants are called insectivorous plants. The process of nutrition by which these plants take in insects and digest the protein part within the body with the help of certain plants is called insectivorous nutrition. Ex : (i) Pitcher plant, (ii) Bladderwort. BLADDERWORTCONTINUE 11. HOLOZOICSAPROZOICNUTRITION IN ANIMALSHETEROTROPHIC MODE OF NUTRITIONFRUGIVORICINSECTIVOROUS ECTOPARASITIC PARASITICNUTRITION IN ANIMALS : Heterotrophic mode of nutrition Animals do not have the capability of trapping the energy from the sun. Hence, they cannot prepare organic food from inorganic substances. They depend on readymade food that is plants, animals and obtain the energy by burning the organic molecules of the food in their body. This mode of nutrition is known as heterotrophic nutrition.ENDOPARASITICLIONS PRACTISE HETEROTROPHIC MODE OF NUTRITION. THEY ARE HOLOZOIC ORGANISMS.CONTINUE 12. HOLOZOIC NUTRITION HOLOZOIC NUTRITION : It is a method of nutrition that involves the ingestion of liquid or solid organic material, digestion, absorption and assimilation of it to utilize it. It includes taking in the complex substances and converting them into simpler forms. LIONS ARE HOLOZOIC This consists of 5 stages Ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation and egestion. Ex Humans, Amoeba.SAPROZOIC NUTRITION SAPROZOIC NUTRITION : Some unicellular organism absorb liquid organic substances from their environment and use them as food for their body. They are term as saprozoic feeders and the mode of nutrition is called saprozoic nutrition.FRUGIVORIC NUTRITIONFRUGIVORIC NUTRITION : Some animals such as parrot and squirrel are depend on fruit and seeds. They are called Frugivores. And the nutrition is named as frugivoric nutrition. PARROTS ARE FRUGIVORIC CONTINUE 13. INSECTIVOROUS An insectivore is a type of carnivoreNUTRITION with a diet that consists chiefly of insects and similar small creatures. Thus, their mode of nutrition is called insectivorous nutrition. FROG Examples of insectivores include different species of Chameleons, nightingales, aardwolves, echidnas, swallows, anteaters, carp, frogs, lizards, bats, and spiders.PARASITIC NUTRITION some animals obtain their food from a living host. They are called parasites and the mode of nutrition is called parasitic nutrition. It is of two types. (i) Ectoparasitic (ii)Endoparasitic Ectoparasitic Ectoparasites are those, which acquire their food by living on the body surface of their host and obtain nourishment by sucking blood. This mode of nutrition is called Ectoparasitic nutrition. For example head lice, dog fleas and leeches etc. TAPEWORMS Endoparasitic Endoparasites are those, which obtain their food by living inside the bodies of their hosts. They obtain food from blood or directly. This mode of nutrition is called Endoparasitic nutrition. Hookworms, tape worms and CONTINUE blood fluke are the example of endoparasites. 14. BIBLIOGRAPHY I have taken help from the following sources: INTERNET SEARCH ENGINES: Google (www.google.co.in) For sound clips and images. WEBSITES: www.wikipedia.org www.meritnation.com www.tutorvista.com www.biologyonline.org To see the sources and softwares used, click here.