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types of prevention of dental diseases

2Plaque

A soft and thin biofilm that consists of microorganisms and their by products, organic and inorganic compounds, and salivary proteins that form in the oral cavity and adhere to teeth, prostheses and oral surfaces.

Dental Plaque

Dental Caries

Periodontal Disease

3Plaque Control

The regular removal of microbial plaque and the prevention of its accumulation on the teeth and adjacent gingival surfaces.

In Periodontal Therapy,It is very critical in every phase that plaque control must be maintained.

4Mechanical Plaque Control Tooth brushing techniques Dentifrices Interdental Cleaning Aids - Dental floss - Interdental brush

5Toothbrushes

Bristle Hardness:Soft brush: 0.007 inch(0.2 mm)Medium brush: 0.012 inch(0.3 mm)Hard brush: 0.014 inch(0.4 mm)

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Soft, nylon bristle toothbrush clean effectively when used properly ,remain effective for a reasonable time and tends not to traumatize the gingiva or root surfaces

Soft bristle are more flexible, clean beneath the gingival margin, and reach farther into the proximal tooth surfaces

Toothbrushes need to be replaced every 3-4 months

Recommendations:

ImportantlyThere is no need for excessive force vigorous brushing as it can lead to gingival recession, wedge-shaped defects of cervical areas and painful ulcerations

7Effects of Faulty Toothbrushing

Techniques

Wedge-shaped cervical area

defects

Traumatic ulcers

8Toothbrushes Toothbrushing methods:

Roll: Modified Stillman technique Vibratory: Stillman, Charters and Bass technique Circular: Fones technique Vertical: Leonard technique Horizontal: Scrub technique

9Bass Technique

Modified Stillman Technique

10Dentifrices

They aid in cleaning and polishing tooth surfaces Appear in forms of paste, powder and gel

Plaque and stain-removing agents Pleasant flavors and colors Tartar control properties (pyrophosphates);

Anticaries; Desensitization.

11Interdental Cleaning Aids

The majority of dental and periodontal disease’s originate in interproximal area.

Tissue destruction associated with periodontal often leave large, open spaces between teeth and exposed roots with anatomic concavities and furcations which are difficult to clean and access with toothbrush.

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Dental Floss

Most widely recommended method for removing proximal plaqueTypes: Flavored and unflavored , Waxed and unwaxed , Thin , Tape, Meshwork.Method: The floss is wrapped around each proximal surface and is

activated with repeating up and down strokes Floss should pass gently through contact area. Do not snap

the floss pass the contact area as it may injure the interdental papilla

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Chemical Plaque Control Oral Rinses

Chlorhexidine rinse Reduces plaque and gingivitis scores; Has strong substantivity; Used in immunocompromised patients; Patients with mental retardations; Patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation; Bacteriacidal and prolonged bacteriostatic action.ADVERSE REACTIONS:Staining of teeth;Impaired taste sensations;Increased supragingival calculus formation.ATTEMPTS TO AVOID THESE: Alteration of dietary habits; Increase in mechanical plaque removal efforts; Use of Hydrogen peroxide solutions.

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Chemical Plaque Control Listerine rinseis promoted with the slogan "Kills germs that cause bad breath“.

DISADVANTAGES: Bitter taste; Burning sensation; High alcohol contents (approximately 25%); -causing alcohol intoxication of children and

adolescents. Since 2009 Listerine Zero is produced.

15Disclosing Agents

A preparation in liquid, tablet or lozenge form capable of staining bacterial deposits on the surfaces of teeth, tongue, and gingiva using its colouring properties.

Eg. Erythrosine, Basic fuchsin, Fluoresin

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Thank You for your attention

Ahmed Abdulwahab (1330095)