types of visuals

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Types of Visuals Spring 2012 EDIT 9990: Information Design

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EDIT 9990: Week 3

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Page 1: Types of Visuals

Types of Visuals

Spring 2012EDIT 9990: Information Design

Page 2: Types of Visuals

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Levin’s CategoriesLevin (1981) categorized graphics based on their instructional function

Spring 2012EDIT 9990: Information Design

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Alesandrini’s CategoriesAlesandrini (1984) proposed three graphic categories based on their content

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Saunders’ CategoriesSaunders (1994) proposed categories based on content, composition, and medium

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Braden’s CategoriesBraden (1996) introduced five graphical categories based on existing areas of educational research

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Rieber’s Categories

Rieber (1994) provided specific explanation for three categories

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Clark, Lyons, & Hoover’s Categories

Clark, Lyons, and Hoover (2004) categorized instructional graphics based on factors that contribute to their effectiveness

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Four Categories

Spring 2012EDIT 9990: Information Design

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Pros Cons

Add interest to the appearance

Improve the aesthetic appeal

Ornamental Used to gain a

learner’s attentionMotivational

Often overusedPotential to distract

from the contentMay cause a split-

attention affect

Decorative Graphics

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Representational Graphics

Physically depict someone or somethingShare a physical resemblance with the object

Farm Animals

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Analogical Graphics

Depicts someone or somethingExplains a likeness, correspondence, or similarityMakes a comparison between two thingsActivates prior knowledgeBridges the gap between known to unknown

Both birds and airplanes have wings, aerodynamic bodies, and can fly.

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Organizational Graphics

Provides structure to information

Arranges data spatially

Visually defines relationships

Illustrates connections

http://www.visualthesaurus.com/

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Types of Graphs

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15

Favorite Types of Music

CountryRapClassicalRockJazz

Country

Rap

Classical

Rock

Jazz

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

25

11

5

33

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Favorite Types of Music

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Readings

Explore visual literacy, types of visuals, and the use of visuals further with these readings.

Branch, R. (2000). A taxonomy of visual literacy.  In A. W. Pailliotet, & P. B. Mosenthal (Eds.), Advances in reading/language research Volume 7: Reconceptualizing literacy in the media age (pp. 377-402).  New Jersey: JAI/Ablex Publishers.

Krause, J. (2004). Design Basics Index. Cincinnati, OH: How Design Books. [Pages 62-77]

Wainer, H. (1997). Visual revelations: Graphic tales of fate and deception from Napoleon Bonaparte to Ross Perot. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. [Chapters 8-13]

Spring 2012EDIT 9990: Information Design