typology of informal recycling - institute for global ... · not sell the scrap to other buyer –...
TRANSCRIPT
2011/10/13
1
Typology of Informal Recycling
Waste management - waste recycling activity in Indonesia
EnriDamanhuri
FTSL-ITB
5th Workshop of Asia Circulation Policy Research Singapore, October 4, 2011
What is the informal sector in Indonesia? (1) (Activities)
Enri Damanhuri
Household
Formal sectors
Mobile
informal sectors Early morning: Vendor: breakfast food, food for cooking Morning: Vendor: fruits, food, cold-drink, HH-utensils Repair: shoos, welding, umbrella Distributor: newspaper Community services: garbage collector
Buyer (junkmen): used goods Evening: Vendor: food, hot-drink Community services: security
Stationary informal sectors
Early morning: Vendor: traditional market Morning: Vendor: traditional market, food-drink Repair: utensil, car, electronic/electric good Buyer (junkmen): used goods Transport: pedicab, motorcycle taxi Evening: Food-drink vendor, pedicab, motorcycle taxi
Waste pickers
2011/10/13
2
What is the informal sector in Indonesia? (2) (Relation)
Enri Damanhuri
Household
Formal sectors
Mobile
informal sectors
Stationary informal sectors
Waste pickers
Interaction:
vendor, buyer,
services, mostly
with personal
and trust relation
Interaction:
vendor, buyer,
services, in
many cases with
more personal
relation
Business interaction
No interaction
What is the informal sector in Indonesia? (3) (Status)
Enri Damanhuri
Mobile informal sectors:
•not legal: no business permit, no taxation, etc. but no prohibition
•required by community
•no access to the formal financial structure
Stationary informal sectors:
•not legal: not registered, no business permit etc., no taxation, but
no prohibition but they sometime use public utilities (pedestrian,
etc)
•required by community
•no access to the formal financial structure
Mobile west picker:
•they often throw the contents of garbage bags, take the plastic bag
only
•not required by community
•municipalities do not ban, but do not support them.
2011/10/13
3
Waste and Used Goods Difference perception-definition
Waste recycling activities
to reduce waste generation
related to waste management
¥
Waste and used goods recycling activities
to generate income
related to market mechanisms
• Used goods in developing countries = waste in developed countries
• The success of 3R programs is usually calculated from waste
reduction activity only, and not from the used goods utilization
Waste as defined by developed countries
W R
Waste As defined by
developing countries
Used goods ≠ wastes
W G
R
Recycling effort = R/W
Recycling effort = R/W or (R+G)/(W+G)?
Waste management – waste recycling actors
• Waste generators: MSW and Non-MSW
• Waste operators: community association, local government, private company
• Collectors - Transporters: formal and informal
– MSW: households, waste trades, scavengers, intermediates, big collectors, ---
– Used goods/materials: households, waste trades, repair/refurbish/refill man or shop, trade-in in formal shops, secondhand / junk shops, informal mobile collector, etc
– Non-MSW: collector, transporter
– Hazardous waste: formal
• Recyclers:
– Formal and informal waste recyclers
– Co-processing industries
• Traders of recycler products, exporters, importers
Enri Damanhuri
2011/10/13
4
Path Flow of MSW Recovered: Generators Collectors Recyclers Users
RECYCLERS Formal-Informal
MARKETSUSERS
COLLECTORS (BANDAR) Informal
Dry Mixed Waste
(in Bins)
Scavengers
Waste Operator
Crews (Informal)
Intermediate (LAPAK)
(informal)
Waste recovery
Mixed (dirty) waste having
potential to be recycled
Items separation: papers, plastics, etc Washing and drying Quality selection Packing
Separation of specific waste: exp plastics Clear, color HDPE, PP, PET Quality selection Pre-treatment: grinding, pressing, etc
Quality selection according to the market (users) requirements Treatment: Pulping, pelletizing, etc
Generator
Separated waste having potential to
be recycled By community based organization: bank of waste, etc
Export Inter-islands Local Direct users
Brokers
Used goods recycling: Conducted by all levels of generators
Collectors (Informal)
Secondhand , junkshop (Informal/Formal)
Repair, refurbishment, Refill , Trade-in, etc (Informal/Formal)
USED GOODS
Cloths Electronics Electricals
Bateries,Cardtridge Newspapers Magazines
Cartons Good packaging
Metals Utensils, Furniture,
etc
Waste Trades (informal)
DEMOLITION
Collector (Bandar) (Informal)
Collectors (Informal)
GENERATORS
Direct USERS
Direct USERS
Direct USERS
Direct USERS
RECYCLERS Formal-Informal
USERS (Donation)
MARKETSUSERS
Brokers
2011/10/13
5
Formal and informal sectors in used goods/waste recycling in Indonesia
n
NOT WASTE
WASTE Formal Informal
Enri Damanhuri
‘Foster father’ approach between ‘Buyer’ and ’Seller’ Level: Scavenger Collector - First Intermediate
• Waste Collector:
– Activity: Mobile, waste transfer points, waste final disposal
– Normally the same origin or the same family of waste buyer
(First Intermediate)
– Getting place for ‘accommodation’ from ‘small boss’
– Must sell all waste collected to ‘small boss’
• First Intermediate (‘small boss’):
– Assure ‘security’ for his members
– Prepare ‘accommodation’ and ‘facilities’ for his members
– Provide basic daily consumption (rice)
– Lending money to his members
– Determine the price of waste
2011/10/13
6
Enri Damanhuri
‘Foster father’ approach between ‘Buyer’ and ’Seller’ Level: Intermediate - Recycler
• Partner (Last Intermediate) : PET waste seller
(or + scrap producer)
– can sell the PET scraps to other buyer, if it is pre-informed to the Buyer
– every month Partner will propose new tariff based on market price and it will be evaluated by Buyer
– Partner must deposit Rp 1.000.000 as assurance that he will not sell the scrap to other buyer
– This money deposit will be refunded after 2 yrs of cooperation
• Buyer: Seller of PET scraps
– Recycler of PET
– Trains and develops his partner --- capable to produce good quality plastic scrap
– sets up the quality criteria
– must buy all the PET scraps produced by his partners
Enri Damanhuri
THANK YOU