u nit 5: e motions and m oods dr. andree swanson adjunct faculty kaplan university

UNIT 5: EMOTIONS AND MOODS

WEEK 4

OPENING ACTIVITY

What is the difference between emotions and moods?

Should managers be intune with emotions and moods on the workforce?

Please post your response in the Seminar

EMOTIONS - WHY EMOTIONS WERE

IGNORED IN OB

The “myth of rationality”

Organizations are not emotion-free.

Emotions of any kind are disruptive to organizations.

Original OB focus was solely on the effects of strong negative emotions that interfered with individual and organizational efficiency.

WHAT ARE EMOTIONS?

© 2007 PRENTICE HALL INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

MoodsMoodsFeelings that tend to be Feelings that tend to be less intense than less intense than emotions and that lack a emotions and that lack a contextual stimulus.contextual stimulus.

MoodsMoodsFeelings that tend to be Feelings that tend to be less intense than less intense than emotions and that lack a emotions and that lack a contextual stimulus.contextual stimulus.

EmotionsEmotionsIntense feelings that are Intense feelings that are directed at someone or directed at someone or something.something.

EmotionsEmotionsIntense feelings that are Intense feelings that are directed at someone or directed at someone or something.something.

AffectAffectA broad range of emotions A broad range of emotions

that people experience.that people experience.

AffectAffectA broad range of emotions A broad range of emotions

that people experience.that people experience.

EMOTION DIMENSIONS

Biology of emotions

Originate in brain’s limbic system

Intensity of emotions

Personality

Job Requirements

Frequency and duration of emotions

How often emotions are exhibited

How long emotions are displayed

Functions of emotions

Critical for rational thinking

Motivate people



Mood as Positive and Negative Affect

SOURCES OF EMOTIONS AND

MOODS

Personality

Day and Time of the Week

NOT Weather

Stress

Social Activities

Sleep

Exercise

Age

Gender



Positive Moods are Highest

• At the End of the Week

• In the Middle Part of the Day

Negative Moods are Highest

• At the Beginning of the Week

And, show little variation throughout the day

GENDER AND EMOTIONS

Women

Can show greater emotional expression.

Experience emotions more intensely.

Display emotions more frequently.

Are more comfortable in expressing emotions.

Are better at reading others’ emotions.

Men

Believe that displaying emotions is inconsistent with the male image.

Are innately less able to read and to identify with others’ emotions.

Have less need to seek social approval by showing positive emotions.


EXTERNAL CONSTRAINTS ON

EMOTIONS


OrganizationalOrganizationalInfluencesInfluences

OrganizationalOrganizationalInfluencesInfluences

CulturalCulturalInfluencesInfluences

CulturalCulturalInfluencesInfluences

IndividualIndividualEmotionsEmotions

IndividualIndividualEmotionsEmotions

EMOTIONAL LABOR


Emotional Labor

A situation in which an employee expresses organizationally desired

emotions during interpersonal transactions.

FELT VERSUS DISPLAYED EMOTIONS


Felt Emotions

An individual’s actual emotions.

Displayed Emotions

Emotions that are organizationally required and considered appropriate in a given job.


•Internals (Internal locus of control) Individuals who believe that they control what happens to them.

Note: Higher emotional labor = more highly paid jobs (with high cognitive requirements)

AFFECTIVE EVENTS THEORY (AET)

Emotions are negative or positive responses to a work environment event. Personality and mood determine the intensity of the

emotional response. Emotions can influence a broad range of work

performance and job satisfaction variables. Implications of the theory:

Individual response reflects emotions and mood cycles. Current and past emotions affect job satisfaction. Emotional fluctuations create variations in job

satisfaction and performance. Both negative and positive emotions can distract

workers and reduce job performance.


AFFECTIVE EVENTS THEORY (AET)


E X H I B I T 8–6E X H I B I T 8–6Source: Based on N.M. Ashkanasy and C.S. Daus, “Emotion in the Workplace: The New

Challenge for Managers,” Academy of Management Executive, February 2002, p. 77.

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE

Self-awareness (know how you feel)

Self-management (manage your emotions and impulses)

Self-motivation (can motivate yourself & persist)

Empathy (sense & understand what others feel)

Social Skills (can handle the emotions of others)


Research Findings: High EI scores, not high IQ scores, characterize high performers.

OB APPLICATIONS OF UNDERSTANDING

EMOTIONS Emotions and Selection

Emotions affect employee effectiveness.

Decision Making

Emotions are an important part of the decision-making process in organizations.

Creativity

Positive mood increases creativity

Motivation

Emotional commitment to work and high motivation are strongly linked.

Leadership

Emotions are important to acceptance of messages from organizational leaders.


OB APPLICATIONS… (CONT’D)

Interpersonal Conflict

Conflict in the workplace and individual emotions are strongly intertwined.

Negotiation

Emotions can impair negotiations.

Customer Services

Emotions affect service quality delivered to customers which, in turn, affects customer relationships.

Job Attitudes

Can carry over to home

Deviant Workplace Behaviors

Negative emotions lead to employee deviance (actions that violate norms and threaten the organization). Productivity failures

Property theft and destruction

Political actions

Personal aggression


Lucy has a high need for achievement and

likes to come to work and focus on her job

only. If you were Lucy’s manager, how could

you get her to feel more emotion at work?

Would you want her to? Why or why not?


Chapter Check-Up: Emotions and Moods


Chapter Check-Up: Emotions and Moods

Do you think there could be emotional and

mood implications for telecommuting? If yes,

how so?

Hint: Consider this woman!

Why might she NOT always feel this way?

ARTICLE FROM AN ONLINE PERIODICAL

Online articles follow the same guidelines for printed articles. Include all information the online host makes available, including an issue number in parentheses.

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Online Periodical, volume number (issue number if available). Retrieved from http://www.someaddress.com/full/url/

Bernstein, M. (2002). 10 tips on writing the living Web. A list apart: For people who make websites, 149. Retrieved from http://www.alistapart.com/articles/writeliving

DOCUMENT FROM A WEB SITE

List as many of the following elements as are available: author’s name, publication date (or “n.d.” if there is no date), title (in italics), and URL. Give your retrieval date only if the content of the source is likely to change.

Source with date

Source with no date

Archer, D. (n.d.). Exploring nonverbal communication. Retrieved from http://nonverbal.ucsc.edu


ANY QUESTIONS?

Any questions so far?

u nit 5: e motions and m oods dr. andree swanson adjunct faculty kaplan university

Documents

prentice hall

positive emotions

experience emotions

desired emotions

sources of emotions

display emotions

emotions intense feelings

exhibitedhow long emotions