ubigreen

Jon Froehlich1,2

Tawanna Dillahunt3, Pedja Klasnja1,3,4, Sunny Consolvo1,3,4, Beverly Harrison2,

Jen Mankoff3 James Landay1,2,3

design:use:

build:1 university of washington 3 Intel Research, Seattle 3 HCI Institute, CMU2 CSE, UW 4 iSchool, UW

Investigating a Mobile Tool for Tracking and Supporting Green Transportation Habits

2

If you asked me to name the three scariest threats facing the human race, I would give the same answer that most people would: nuclear war, global warming and Windows.

- Dave Barry humor columnist, satirist, writer

3

The danger posed by war to all of humanity - and to our planet - is at least matched by the climate crisis and global warming. I believe that the world has reached a critical stage in its efforts to exercise responsible environmental stewardship.

- UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon General Assembly, March 2007

4

America is addicted to oil.

- President George W. BushState of the Union Address, January 2006

Italy

South Korea

United Kingdom

Canada

Germany

Japan

India

Russia

European Union

China

United States

0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0%

1.60%

1.70%

2.00%

2.10%

2.90%

4.50%

4.60%

5.40%

13.70%

15.20%

21.20%

CO2 emissions (2003)

2003 United Nations Statistics Divisionhttp://www.un.org/

6Weber, C.L., Matthews, H.S., Quantifying the global and distributional aspects of American household carbon footprint, Ecological Economics (2007),

7

persuasive technologytechnology that intentionally changes attitudes or behaviors through persuasion and social influence

we‘re interested in studying how mobile phones can be used as persuasive technologies to affect daily transportation practices.

8

at-a-glance determination of:• active or inactive week, • variety in routine, • this week’s goal met • recent goal met

strength

cardio

flexibility

walk

this week’s goal met

recent goal met

runs on the background screen of mobile phones, so it’s frequently seen by the individual

ubifitSunny Consolvo, Ph. D. Thesis

9

transit activities

Train Carpool Bus Walk Bike

Three sources of transportation data: 1. a Mobile Sensing Platform (MSP) 2. the phone’s own GSM cell signals 3. the participants themselves.

10

Bluetooth

0

15

0%

50%

stan

ding

sitti

ngw

alki

ngbi

king

jogg

ing

raw data inference data

wearable sensing (msp)

11

stationary walking driving / vehicle

gsm sensing

Timothy Sohn, et. al. Mobility Detection Using Everyday GSM Traces UbiComp 2006. Irvine, California, September 2006

12

sensing vehicle travel

Carpool Drive Alone

vs

?

13

we asked

Current Activity

Values Icon Bar

Evolving Image

17

3-week studyLocation Condition Days Occupation

P1 Pittsburgh Tree 27 Sales Clerk*P2 Pittsburgh Tree N/A AttorneyP3 Pittsburgh Tree 21 Law EnforcementP4 Pittsburgh Tree 9 StudentP5 Pittsburgh Polar Bear 20 Technical/EngineeringP6 Pittsburgh Polar Bear 12 StudentP7 Pittsburgh Polar Bear 16 StudentP8 Seattle Polar Bear 6 StudentP9 Seattle Tree 42 Office Admin

P10 Seattle Tree 19 ConsultantP11 Seattle Tree 25 Program ManagerP13 Seattle Polar Bear 37 ProgrammerP14 Seattle Polar Bear 30 ConsultantP15 Seattle Polar Bear 6 Student

18

19

Train Ride 2% Car-pools19%

Walk31%

Run 1%

Bus Rides19%

Bike Rides6%

Drive Alone 22%

Walk

Drive A

lone

Carp

ool

Bus

Bike

Run

Train

0

100

200

300

400

observed transit

20

Bike Bus Carpool Drive Alone

Run Train Walk0%

10%

20%

30%

40%Composition of Transit Activity By City Pittsburgh Seattle

21

Train Carpool Walking Runs Bus Biking Driving Alone

Total0%

40%

80%

Manual GSM MSP

source of data

22

visual designI liked the tree because it was, to my mind, a pretty progress bar. There was enough of a clear distance between each state that I could tell the difference at a glance

- Participant 11

“I want to have different stories every week … to maintain curiosity in the app” (P8) and that we, or others, could “generate their themes online and share them.” (P11)

I would like more information about carbon emission savings.

- Participant 15

23

real-life game

One participant complained that when a trip hadn’t been automatically recorded, “I felt like I was being cheated out of my ‘points’” (P15)Future designs could incorporate a more overt gaming model.-“more points” for zero-carbon trips- reward user for reducing # of trips- Incorporate carbon tracking

24

anticipation / social• Anticipation and Curiosity– I liked that we didn’t know what it was going to

do. Like when your phone turned from leaves into flowers and then apples. (P15)

• Social Sharing of Transportation Activity– “Some people at work knew about the polar bear

and every day they asked me about it. ‘Did you get a seal today?’” (P14)

25

26

ecorio

27

How many generations in all of human history have had the opportunity to rise to a challenge that is worthy of our best efforts. A challenge that can pull from us more than we think we can do.

-Al Gore TED Conference, March 2008

ubigreen

Jon Froehlich1,2

Sunny Consolvo1,3,4, Tawanna Dillahuntf3, Beverly Harrison2, Pedja Klasnja1,3,4, James Landay1,2,3, Jen Mankoff3

design:use:

build:1 university of washington 3 Intel Research, Seattle 3 HCI Institute, CMU2 CSE, UW 4 iSchool, UW

Investigating a Mobile Tool for Tracking and Supporting Green Transportation Habits