ucon fluid 50

Unique formulationadditives that deliveremolliency, solvency, and smooth application

EmolliencySpreadability

SolvencyClarification

UCON Fluids

Wetting

2

UCON™ Fluids are a series of copolymers

of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, or

of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene

glycol. These moderate-viscosity fluids

provide emolliency, solvency, and slip in

skin lotions, eye makeup removers,

antiperspirants, and deodorants. At the

same time, they can offer a number of

other benefits, such as the ability to

efficiently wet pigments, to generate

heat upon application, or to control

viscosity in shampoo systems.

When you want to make a product

feel soft and apply smoothly, or when

difficult-to-solubilize ingredients

are involved, look to UCON Fluids

for unique sensory and physical

contributions.

3

UCON Fluids Offer a Range ofChemistries and Solubility Performance

UCON Fluids are copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, or ofpolyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol. They are classified into threemajor groups that are variations on the idealized structure shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1: Idealized Structure of UCON Fluids

• m = % propylene oxide• n = % ethylene oxide

UCON Fluid LB series

• R = butyl alcohol• m = 100%, n = 0%

UCON Fluid HB series

• R = butyl alcohol• m = 50%, n = 50%

UCON Fluid H

• R = ethylene or propylene glycol• m = 25%, n = 75%

4

XX Letter 1 Letter 2 Number

50 H B 660

XX: Weight % of ethylene oxide used to grow polymer

Example: 50 50% EO 50% PO75 75% EO 25% PO

Letter 1: Identifies water solubility

H: Hydrophilic—water solubleL: Lipophilic—water insoluble

Letter 2: Identifies the starter alcohol

Letter 2 Starter AlcoholB ButanolOmitted Diethylene Glycol

Number: Viscosity

Saybolt Universal Seconds at 100°FSUS at 100°F

A Key to Product Nomenclature

Table 1: Physical Properties of UCON Fluids

UCON Product INCI Name % PO Average Viscosity Refractive Molecular @ 23°C, cPs IndexWeight

75-H-450 PEG/PPG-17/6Copolymer 25 1050 150 1.4655

50-HB-660 PPG-12-Buteth-16 50 1700 262 1.4576

50-HB-3520 PPG-33-Buteth-35 50 3200 1370 1.4598

50-HB-5100 PPG-33-Buteth-45 50 4000 2120 1.4596

Fluid AP PPG-14 Butyl Ether 100 — 95

LB-1145 PPG-33 Butyl Ether 100 2200 525 1.4499

LB-1715 PPG-40 Butyl Ether 100 2600 700 1.4503

Data listed above represent typical properties only, and should not be confused with, or construedas, product specifications.

5

Table 2: Solubility Information for HB-Series UCON Fluids andUCON Fluid 75-H-450 at 1%, 5% and 10%

75-H-450 50-HB-660 50-HB-3520 50-HB-5100

Water S S S S

Castor Oil I I S S

Ethanol S S S S

50% Ethanol/Water S S S S

Glycerin I I I I

IPP I S I I

Lanolin I I I I

Dimethicone I I I I

Amersil DMC 2871 1% S S I

Amersil DMC 3571 1% S S S

Mineral Oil I I I I

Propylene glycol S S S I

Petrolatum I I I I

Cyclomethicone I I I I

Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride (Myritol 3182) I S S S

IPM I S I I

Glucam3 P-10 S S S S

Glucam3 E-10 S I I I

Carbomer 934 N4 I I I I

Panalene5 I I I I

S = soluble at 1%, 5% I = insoluble at all levels 1% = only soluble at 1%and 10% or at all levels

1Dimethicone Copolyol from GE2Cognis3Lubrizol Corporation4B.F. Goodrich5Hydrogenated Polyisobutene from Amoco Chemical

6

Fluid AP LB-1145 LB-1715

Water I I I

Castor Oil S S S

Ethanol S S S

50% Ethanol/Water S S S

Glycerin I I I

IPP S S S

Lanolin S S S

Dimethicone I I I

Amersil DMC 287 S S S

Amersil DMC 357 S 1% I

Mineral Oil S I I

Propylene glycol I I I

Petrolatum S S S

Cyclomethicone S S I

Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride(Myritol 318) S S S

IPM S S S

Glucam P-10 S I I

Glucam E-10 I I I

Carbomer 934 N I I I

Panalene S S I

S = soluble at 1%, 5% I = insoluble at 1% = only soluble and 10% or at all levels all levels at 1%

Table 3: Solubility Information for LB-Series UCON Fluids and UCON Fluid AP at 1%, 5% and 10%

7

UCON Fluid AP Gives AntiperspirantsOutstanding Emolliency and Smooth Application

For roll-on, stick, soft solid, and aerosol antiperspirant systems, UCON FluidAP gives a remarkably soft, smooth emollient feel. It suspends antiperspirantactives and assists their spreadability.

An ideal alternative to isopropyl myristate

If you’re looking for alternatives to isopropyl myristate to avoidthe acne and other allergic reactions this ingredient can cause,UCON Fluid AP is the right choice. Clinical tests demonstratethat UCON Fluid AP can be substituted for isopropyl myristatewithout any change in antiperspirant efficacy.

In aerosol systems, stability tests show UCON Fluid AP provides morestable suspension of chlorohydrol salts than isopropyl myristate.

In Dew Point Hygrometer testing, UCON Fluid AP shows approximately25% moisture transmission reduction—very similar to isopropyl myristate.

8

Emolliency in Skin Care Formulations

The natural emolliency of UCON Fluids can add a luxurious feel anddemonstrably superior application properties to skin cream systems. Our lab tests included both physical and subjective measures to compare the performance of UCON Fluids to mineral oil.

Tests in oil-in-water emulsions

Mineral oil, UCON Fluid AP, and UCON Fluid LB-1715 were used at 6% in the test formula in Table 4. As shown in Table 5, the test formulationswith UCON Fluids yielded higher viscosities, superior emollience, improvedslip, and longer “playtime” during application.

Table 4: Skin Cream Test Formula for Emolliency Comparison

w/w%

Deionized Water 78.1

Carbomer 934 (3% aq.) 10.0

DMDM Hydantoin 0.4

Test Material† 6.0

Glucamate SSE-20 (PEG-20 Methyl Glucose 1.5Sesquistearate)

Glucate SS (Methyl Glucose Sesquistearate) 0.5

Cetal (Cetyl Alcohol) 0.5

Triethanolamine (10% aq.) 3.0

†Test materials:Mineral Oil T73-53-1UCON Fluid AP T73-181-1UCON Fluid LB-1715 T73-181-2

Table 5: Emollient Comparison Results

Emollience tests in water-in-oil emulsion system

To validate the emollience enhancement of UCON Fluids inwater-in-oil emulsion systems, we developed the mineral-oil-basedtest formula shown in Table 6. Test panel evaluations for the twosystems highlight the multi-dimensional improvement in formulation performance realized when a small amount of themineral oil was replaced by UCON Fluid LB-1715 (See Table 7).

Table 6: Water/Oil Emulsion Test Formula

9

T73-53-1 (Mineral Oil)

Viscosity: 40,000 cPs

Appearance: White glossy cream

Feel Properties: Light emollience

More “watery” rub-in

Soft afterfeel

T73-181-1 (UCON Fluid AP)


Appearance: Translucent gel cream

Feel properties: Improved initial slip

Good absorption

Long “playtime”

Soft afterfeel

T73-181-2 (UCON Fluid LB-1715)


Appearance: Translucent gel cream

Feel properties: Most initial slip

Longer “playtime”

Slightly tacky dry-down

Heavier emollience

T76-276-1 T76-276-2

Glucate SS 5.0 % 5.0 %

Mineral Oil 20.0 17.0

UCON Fluid LB-1715 — 3.0

Aluminum Stearate 0.3 0.3

Magnesium Stearate 0.3 0.3

MgSO4 • 3 H2O 0.5 0.5

Deionized Water qs qs

Preservative qs qs

T76-276-1 (Mineral Oil)

Greasy feel

T76-276-2 (LB-1715/Mineral Oil)

Spreads more easily

Lighter emollience

Less draggy afterfeel

Table 7: Water/Oil Emulsion Results

10

Salicylic Acid Study DemonstratesOutstanding Solubility Properties of UCON Fluids

This study was designed to model the solubility of salicylic acid in variousmaterials used in skin care formulations. The results show that UCON Fluids,typically specified for emolliency and humectancy, also offer unusually goodsolvency properties.

Salicylic acid is a common active used in skin care formulations like anti-acnetreatment products. Since it is recognized as a difficult material to solubilizeproperly, salicylic acid provides a good reference point for comparing the abilities of various materials to dissolve different formulation ingredients andhold them in solution.

As seen in the photomicrographs in Figures 2 and 3, UCON Fluids are excellent solvents for this difficult-to-dissolve material.

Materials:

2 grams crystalline salicylic acid5 grams “Test Material”

Procedure:Add salicylic acid to “Test Material” at room temperature. Stir until uniform.Perform microscopic analysis at 430 x magnification.

Salicylic Acid Study “Test Materials”

C12-15 Alkyl BenzoateCaprylic/Capric TriglycerideMineral OilPPG-14 Butyl Ether (UCON Fluid AP)PPG-40 Butyl Ether (UCON Fluid LB-1715)PPG-9 Buteth-12 (UCON Fluid 50-HB-660)

11

Figure 2: Salicylic Acid in Solvents

Figure 3: Salicylic Acid In Oil Systems

C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate PPG-14 Butyl Ether (UCON Fluid AP)

Mineral Oil Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride

PPG-40 Butyl Ether (UCON Fluid LB-1715) PPG-9-Buteth-12 (UCON Fluid 50-HB-660)PPG-14 Butyl Ether (UCON Fluid AP)

Pigmented Systems Get MoreEfficient Wetting and Spreading

UCON Fluids can help you meet the challenge of wetting pigments, whetherhydrophobic or hydrophilic, over a wide range of pigment particle sizes.

In formulating pigmented products, two key points of performance are wet points and flow points. The wet point gives an indication of wetting efficiency and the pigment dispersion uniformity. The lower the wet point,the less oil is necessary to “wet” out the pigment. The flow point provides anidea of the ease of spreading and uniformity of coverage. The lower the flowpoint, the lower the level of oil needed for internal lubrication of pigments.

Excellent wetting power

Tests conducted with a variety of commercial titanium dioxide products (See Table 8) demonstrate the excellent wetting properties of UCON FluidAP compared to mineral oil and caprylic/capric triglyceride.

As seen in Figure 4, UCON Fluid AP provides far more efficient wetting ofTiO2. In many cases, UCON Fluid AP provided particle wetting at half oreven a third the level of mineral oil required, and significantly less thancaprylic/capric triglyceride.

12

Trade Name Supplier Particle Size, TypeMicrons

Titanium Dioxide 328 Whittaker, Clark & Daniels 0.3 Hydrophobic

Micro Titanium

Dioxide MT-100T Advanced Polymers 0.015 Hydrophobic

Micro Titanium

Dioxide MT-500B Advanced Polymers 0.35 Hydrophilic

Titanium Dioxide P25 Degussa 0.021-0.030 Hydrophilic

Titanium Dioxide 3328 Whittaker, Clark & Daniels 0.25 Hydrophilic

Table 8: Titanium Dioxide Study Test Materials

13

Figure 4: Wet Points of UCON Fluid AP, Mineral Oil, and Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride With Commercial Titanium Dioxide Products

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

UCON Fluid AP

Mineral Oil

Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride

Wet

Po

int,

mL/

100

Gra

ms

TiO2 #328 TiO2 #MT-100T TiO2 #MT-500B TiO2 #P-25 TiO2 #3328

14

Even better flow properties

Using the same set of TiO2 materials, we conducted flow point tests withUCON Fluid AP, mineral oil, caprylic/capric triglyceride, and polyisobutene.Figure 5 shows the remarkable efficiency of UCON Fluid AP at achievinggood flow of pigment particles compared to the other test materials.

By these comparisons, UCON Fluid AP stands out in its superb lubricatingqualities. The quantities of UCON Fluid AP required to achieve good floware close to those required for good wetting (compare Figures 4 and 5).For mineral oil and caprylic/capric triglyceride, significantly higher concentrations are required for good flow.

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

UCON Fluid AP

Mineral Oil

Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride

Polyisobutene

Flo

w P

oin

t, m

L/10

0 G

ram

s

TiO2 #328 TiO2 #MT-100T TiO2 #MT-500B TiO2 #P-25 TiO2 #3328

Figure 5: Flow Points of UCON Fluid AP, Mineral Oil, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride,and Polyisobutene With Commercial Titanium Dioxide Products

15

Efficient Control of Viscosity inSurfactant-Thickened Shampoo Systems

In surfactant-thickened shampoo systems, you can use UCON Fluids for finecontrol of viscosity to meet performance and aesthetic objectives.

The three shampoo formulations detailed in Table 9 were developed to evaluate the viscosity-controlling performance of UCON Fluids in systemsrelying on different viscosity-building techniques. These include a conventionalsalt/surfactant combination, one using a cellulosic thickener (CELLOSIZETM

QP-4400 H), and another relying on surfactants alone.

As shown in Figure 6, UCON Fluid 50-HB-660 very efficiently reduces the viscosity of the surfactant system formulation (T73-185-1) at low use levels.It had no viscosity-lowering effect on the cellulosic-thickened system, and created only a minor viscosity reduction in the salt/surfactant system.

Other products within the UCON Fluid family may also be good candidatesfor shampoo viscosity control. Figure 7 compares viscosity-reduction profilesfor UCON Fluid 50-HB-660 and UCON Fluid 50-HB-3520 in the surfactant system formulation. While UCON Fluid 50-HB-3520 is a more efficient viscosity-lowering additive, both UCON Fluids generate dramatic viscosityreduction at very low concentrations. Andboth follow similar viscosity-reducing profiles across therange of use levels testedfor the formulation.

Table 9: Model Shampoo Systems for Viscosity Studies

T73-183-1 Salt w/w%


Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 34.0

Lauramide DEA 4.0

Coco-Betaine 4.0

DMDM Hydantoin 0.4

Citric Acid q.s. pH 7.0–7.4

Sodium Chloride 0.5

T73-184-1 Cellulosic Gum


TEA-Lauryl Sulfate 50.0

Lauramide DEA 2.0

CELLOSIZE QP 4400H 1.5

DMDM Hydantoin 0.4

Citric Acid q.s. pH 7.0–7.4

T73-185-1 Surfactants


Lauramide DEA 5.0

TEA-Lauryl Sulfate 15.0

Sodium Laureth Sulfate 10.0

Citric Acid q.s. pH 6.5

Cocamidopropyl Betaine 10.0

DMDM Hydantoin 0.4

16

Figure 6: Viscosity Effect of UCON Fluid 50-HB-660 in Shampoo Systems

Figure 7: Viscosity-Lowering Comparison of UCON Fluid 50-HB-660 vs UCON Fluid 50-HB-3520 in Surfactant Combination Shampoo Formulation (T73-185-1)

0

5000

10,000

15,000

20,000

Surfactants

Cellulose Gum

Salt

Vis

cosi

ty (

cPs)

0 0.025 0.05 0.075 0.1 0.125

Concentration of UCON Fluid 50-HB-660, (%)

0

5000

10,000

15,000

20,000

UCON Fluid 50-HB-660


Vis

cosi

ty (

cPs)

0 0.025 0.05 0.075 0.1 0.125

Concentration of UCON Fluid (%)

A Good Candidate for Detackifying:UCON Fluid 75-H-450

For formulations that need a little “lightening up,” UCON Fluids can significantly reduce the sensation of tackiness during or after application.They leave formulations feeling smoother without adversely affecting otheressential rheology properties.

Table 10: Test Formula for Detackification Study

To evaluate this property, we prepared the simple test formulation shown in Table 10. Five panelists performed sensory evaluations for the formulationincorporating each of the six potential detackifiers shown.The panelists rated the best-performing detackifiers as follows:

1. UCON Fluid 75-H-450

2. Dimethicone copolyol

3. Glucam E-20

1Glyceryl Polymethacrylate (and)Propylene Glycol (and) PVM/MACopolymer from ISP

17

Lubrajel DV (Glyceryl polymethacrylate) 25.0%

Water 74.0%

Detackifier—each of the following added to individual samples of test formulation: 1.0%


UCON Fluid 75-H-450

Dimethicone copolyol

Glucam E-20 (Methyl Gluceth-20)

Glucam P-10(PPG-10 Methyl Glucose Ether)

Lubrajel oil1

UCON Fluids Generate Useful Heat of Solution in Water

UCON Fluids generate considerable heat of solution in water. They may be considered for anhydrous products like self-heating facial masks, ointments,and hair conditioners. The UCON Fluids provide heat while acting as emollient solvents.

Suggested Applications for UCON Fluids

Table 12: Suggested Applications for UCON Fluids by Finished Product Type

18

Product Final Temperature, °C

UCON Fluid 75-H-450(PEG/PPG-17/6 Copolymer) 32

UCON Fluid 50-HB-400(PPG-9-Buteth-12) 30




Application Suggested UCON Fluids Functional Contributions

Shampoos UCON Fluid 50-HB-660 Used for viscosityUCON Fluid 50-HB-3520 adjustmentsUCON Fluid 50-HB-5100

Hair treatments UCON Fluid LB-1145 Provides shineUCON Fluid LB-1715 Improves slip

UCON Fluid 50-HB-660 Allows for rinsableUCON Fluid 50-HB-3520 lubricationUCON Fluid 50-HB-5100

Fixatives UCON Fluid LB-1145 Provides shineUCON Fluid LB-1715 Acts as a film plasticizerUCON Fluid 50-HB-660 Broad compatibility UCON Fluid 50-HB-3520 rangeUCON Fluid 50-HB-5100

Antiperspirants UCON Fluid AP Provides emollience Good compatibility

Oils UCON Fluid LB-1145 Reduces greasinessUCON Fluid LB-1715UCON Fluid AP

Sunscreens UCON Fluid LB-1145 Solvent for activesUCON Fluid LB-1715 (octyl salicylate, UCON Fluid AP cinnamate)

Toners UCON Fluid 75-H-450 Provides emollienceUCON Fluid 50-HB-660UCON Fluid 50-HB-3520UCON Fluid 50-HB-5100

Table 11: Heat of Solution Data forUCON Fluids in Water From Starting-Point Temperature of 22°C, 2.5:1 Ratioof Product to Water (10 g : 4 g)

Table 13: Recommended UCON Fluids by Physical Form of Finished Product

Take the Next Step: Contact Amerchol TodayThis literature can only provide a general overview of the manyuseful properties of UCON Fluids. There’s much more to learn about how they can contribute to the performance and aesthetics of your formulations. To learn more, contact us at the numbers shown on the back of this literature orvisit our website at www.amerchol.com.

19

Functional Physical Form Suggested UCON Fluids Contributions

O/W Emulsions UCON Fluid 50-HB-660 Provides emollienceUCON Fluid 50-HB-3520 Reduces tackinessUCON Fluid 50-HB-5100

UCON Fluid LB-1145 Oil phase alternativeUCON Fluid LB-1715 Easily emulsifiableUCON Fluid AP Provides emollience

W/O Emulsions UCON Fluid LB-1145 Provides non-greasyUCON Fluid LB-1715 emollienceUCON Fluid AP Improves spreading

Hydrogels UCON Fluid 75-H-450 Provides emollienceUCON Fluid 50-HB-660UCON Fluid 50-HB-3520UCON Fluid 50-HB-5100

Pigmented UCON Fluid LB-1145 Provides goodSystems UCON Fluid LB-1715 pigment wetting

UCON Fluid AP Gives emollienceImproves spreadability

Anhydrous UCON Fluid 75-H-450 Provides detackificationSystems UCON Fluid 50-HB-660 Improves afterfeel

UCON Fluid 50-HB-3520 Enhances clarityUCON Fluid 50-HB-5100 Heat generation

Provides emolliencyProvides solvency

EmolliencySpreadability

SolvencyClarification

UCON Fluids

Wetting

Amerchol Corporation is a subsidiary of The Dow Chemical Company

NOTICE: No freedom from any patent owned by Seller or others is to be inferred. Because use conditions and applicable laws may differ from one location toanother and may change with time, Customer is responsible for determining whether products and the information in this document are appropriate forCustomer’s use and for ensuring that Customer’s workplace and disposal practices are in compliance with applicable laws and other governmental enactments. Seller assumes no obligation or liability for the information in this document. NO WARRANTIES ARE GIVEN; ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OFMERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE EXPRESSLY EXCLUDED.

Published March 2005

Printed in USA *Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company Form No. 324-00179-0305 AMS

For more information, complete literature, and product samples, you can reach a Dowrepresentative at the following numbers:

From the United States and Canada call 1-800-FOR ELEGANCE (1-800-367-3534)fax 1-989-832-1465

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Or you can contact us on the Internet at:www.amerchol.com

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