1.1.1 cs b ~ u n s Uean Bodin, R.W. 1530-1596)

1.1.2 z?m bnsa"irud (Hugo Grotius, A.W. 1583-1645)

1.1.3 bwi.% anera' (Thomas Hobbes, w.H. 1588-1679)

1.2 ~ f l~~ i f i i j l s l6~~~ (Mercantilism)

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I b~aswE (Divine Right of

King)

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294 HI 351

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1.2 i'wEwliii%5CuSJ

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(Mercantilism) ~ ~ I ~ ~ ~ L L ~ J ~ R ~ I ~ ~ ~ ~ I J I H u ~ A ~ ~ . ~ " ~ " u ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ "

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o ~ u m ~ ~ d z w u ~ n n ~ ~ P L R S U R ' ~ ~ H I I B ~ ~ Q U ~ J ~ ~ U ~ I T ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I T ~ ~ ~ L L ~ Z

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b ~ ~ ~ . a ' b d ~ ~ d f i ~ 8 ~ b b f l L b b ~ d d 5 : : ~ 7 ~ ~ ~ 6 7 a ' 7 ~ " ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 9 d 5 " d b f i ~ U ~ I U ~ ~ ~ ~ U ~ ~ U Q I W G ~ N

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si?ano~niuiiod~~u~d~ dun~.r i~~i iuuTau~ad~ ~ ~ " U O ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ B ~ ~ Z H ~ ' I ~ ~ I T L ~ Q ~ ~ " U ~ ~ T Y ~ A ~ w d u w o d ~ ~ ~ m < u ~ ~ z a z ~ ~ a a n u w n ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ a o ~ d ~ z ~ w n ~ ~ a ' ~ ~ o ~ n ~ ~ ~ a a J d ~ u ~ ~ ~ d ~ ~ ~ u d n a ~ ~

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2.1 P1~rwf15anqu1

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W " o u u i n i s ~ ~ ~ i g ~ a z " 1 1 i ~ i i ~ u ~ s z ~ n ~ " 1 E ~ n q ~ i u ~ i : o h ~ s l u ~ ~ a i u n o n ~ v l n i u

(The War of the Roses, R.R. 1455-1485) dwa%~Cirm% 7 (Henry VII) r ~ ~ d ~ ~ n r j ~ i u '

r r r i~s ls~~dG~na5 (Tudor Dynasty) dudn~ao~dsnn~&n~u~d~bIpi A.R. 1485 $uhu i

' Edward McNall Burns, Robert E. Urner and Standish Meacham, Western CiviU~tion : Their History and Their Culture. 9 th.ed., (New York : W.W.Norton &Company, 1980), P.513.

und 9 ? ? m u 7 n ~ ~ a o ~ ~ ~ u ~ u ~ 8 ~ y ~ m 7 y 7 3 n d n v e i 299

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gaunisoonw3zsia~~bvisawni w (Act of Union)

' Ferguson, P.369.

d' a, A 3. ws:sdimnsasnw 6 (Edward VI, A.W. 1547-1553)

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\

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a~nuukdu~~uanirnL?d~zbw'w

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a?n~inwanwiw~5nw3oId~~gr(ab~mu~

bdqa R.n. 1588 ~nqw~i,r i lndn~iunid6~n"~na~ol'w~a~l~i~1 (Armada) uodn~du I

Z U R C ~ ~ ~ & ~ ~ I L ~ ~ U ~ A M ' ~ * I G ~ ~ W (Elizabetha* Age) w~iz~n?iuLo%-gjd6hu

niu?.i.~nrn~uarunarwsuin u'uLdu~~nodond?33~n6~9nqw 1~nt1sr~~6diwa~iu i ido

~$ad6??rin ia~iiau mnnQuSn (William Shakespears) n5nFn~doi u i h i (Christopher

Marlowe) U~I~ICU~ n~durnof (Edmund sp&ser)

' Ferguson, PP.342-3,

wnr~iaqhd; 1 (Charles I, n.H. 1625-1647)' md~~cyw7nldnm?iu kar!

naiuCm~~k iYustini a i i ~ ~ a i u f i m n a " ~ ~ X n " u e l ~ ~ ~ i ~ u ~ d u ~ ~ u a ~ u f i _ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ m i ludqn~iim # 8-4 n ~ ~ - n u n a i ~ 9 o ~ u a r w a r 1 C i ~ i ~ a a ~ 1 ~ndanis%m

lu R.R. 1628 ? g a n i ~ 6 o o n ~ n ~ 8 ~ n ~ 8 8 ~ ~ ~ (Petition of ~ight)' iinumii ninfiu w n # m~dunioni~flu~uribwwodnwm3u ordiojlfiauu%8uuoua~n~gani ~iiuWi~6inunii

yn~narg6 iqdmuI~"11~um"aung~uiu~d~6 Auni~n~i - r f l iud~nnia~ i i~e l~~f i iu8~u

aoaonau uarXiuI+ng~onis~nIuuiuU'iu~i~~a~u wse~Ciaiiadd 1 dirio~uouiu

6ouIauo.s?gani ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ o n a i s i o ~ ~ n ~ d d ~ ~ i ~ ~ d i ~ ~ d ~ n i ~ d n ~ s ~ ~ d ~ z ~ n ~ i n iwsi:: w n # ~ ~ u n i s ~ u ' u u d h u i o m a 3 ~ ~ a o d n ~ m 5 ~ U ' ~ r ~ ~ ~ ~ a i u R ' U w ' u d s ~ ~ i i d n ~ m ~ u b b a z ? ~ ~ n i

' Easton, P.882.

Easton, P.883.

Easton, P.738.

HI 351

'Luszniid n.w. 1629-1640 wsn(iiqiiadd 1 ~ ~ u n d ~ z ~ u n n i ~ o u u i ~ 11 d w~zo~6nstwsiuiu'L3diuGuodi~dsrn~m ~Gn~n.siun'udi~aiC karwuiu1unifiu6?u%

nis iu 7 du ~1un~~m~1 i ld~do1~ i~~u 'Lum3d0b~~3n1 n'iwumni.iy f l ~ l ~ l u 6 1 " d i m I ~ i

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'Lu n 1640 wszl<i l i ia~d 1 ~ i ~ d n m u d ~ 1 u ~ ? n ~ f i ~ l a l ~ f i o ~ a l ~ 1 ~ u a l u IU$LIJ d a ad

~ y n i w i n u i rii 'Lviwszot~6o~liund~~guani~wo~ooyu~Gufi~w~ nisq~szaunwununi1 & n i ~ u i s a n i n u z a u (short Parliament) ~wflr3:uz~?ai n in lsqui ,~ ud 2 2 ?u o i n

i u d 13 buwuu - 5 wq~lninu 1640 wanisd~~uliniuisnmnadn"u~6 bn!nisru!u a d ofiolalunu6ih~aindu wszod6~~\iniflu&afiund~r~u'Ln.ai~nnsdnud'Ludaiu new. 1640

a A' Idi?aimnh~uuiuuinoudd n.n. 1653 ~flu.rrurnai 13 S $~liunni=iq~szyu~s~uII

n ~ ~ r l % z u a n z u z u i a (Long Parliament) n isq~3r~u n % ~ 6 f i i ~ f l u w o ~ d u ih~ w a g

~w~ iz i Jnm~nuonR 'nn i~d in " [~~ ln~"~~o~n~m~u~a iud~zn i~ ik6iun13Gu n isnk ni-iGu w a g ni4 ni=i~ntulinni.ruarwiafi~~u ~7z1<ili%dd 1 ~ ~ b n s d o r ~ i m i u bw31znwfl3uoz6od

q y ~ J u h u i s u ~ n w~zo~6~~~m~uur i i a "~~n is~~ods iuwan?~an i . w P g d d 'LuCfqm biimodflnunaidiadsr~iid n.w. 1642-1649 3rniidnwlsunuw?nn$uayu d d & f ienil niaiGui (Cavaliers) d?u'Ln~~fluw?n~uui~~ba~~i~o^an unuuo?ni~~wioKu

i$rcni6ijw?hnu'unyudunii Ganau (Round Heads) l&bd au$unaid via61 ,cnqsiio d d cL w?nfi?iii'u a ~ r h ? n ~ w s ~ l u ~ d u u unuuo~ni l6~oaojnqu ~flummdijnaiu~sluau~st-i

w m o ~ n ~ ~ 3 i u d n n g i i ~~nni~fluihd6fu.a"u~uz~ni~~md~~ufi~wwliunii%'~m%w' (Rump Parliament) d~:nauri?u ~ u i ~ m a w i m n i ~ u n d o z f i o i s ~ i b ~ ~ ~ ~ w ~ z ~ < i " d i ~ a d d

a a, 1 , w~izwsza~~7aiuoud~tdds~uoul~ 7 n ~ 8 u w~zha i i add 1 nna~Inonniun$n bwsizb~unug)dod~zb~w~~a~~~?uflaiudaub~~o~ina~ombbauflub~ouunsiflu w.w. 1644

3. aaJ'un%ea~saad

vc. Y mugwnni (Protectorate, n . ~ . 1649-1660) ~omnln~sodfin~u'Luszuzbaaid W e . # ~~uiidoinnum.rssz~iid nun. 1649-1660 ijnisdnflsod5?un'u3zniid~fiw"n6 MIUSMIS

~ ~ a z i $ ~ m miu~onw~ni~dnpl3aa (Instrument of Government) d~~- i i~bs lu~mmrnsd i

loi~aoi R ~ U L ~ C I A I (Oliver ~romwell) ~~ilu~dnnsoads~~mdu~iuz$3w'nd ( ~ o r d of

Protector) ~ i n i s r ~ n n s o ~ e l s z b ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ; b ~ m * ~ n i s ' ~ ~ ~ i s dnisb~~~n~sdnnsosaanb~pd 12 b%m

i h i ~ w a (General) ~fl~ih~d?aukbdt3%i11llil ~ ~ o a ~ ~ a ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ n n ~ ~ " ~ a ~ f i a ^ a m ' w (Puritan ,

Doctrines) go 9GdsiaiauJ~aiuuu"0d9uni~ol"iaiu iJiP?motJndi~el~rnL ~~un-n$vt%

msnr~auynaiin WijwdaGu~fijia 8 1 i l u ~ u ~ s i ~ ~ a r r i i u ~ u ~ ~ f mian3'nsilu~inui m::

tiGuayums3nw

niw ~ o s ~ m f nsoubaaa' R.W. 1653-1660

306 HI 351

6q0ab~m~iiouaznqs6q8ds:bm~ ?$milKao n w%a?"II~~$6n'lsb60dtP (Navigation

Act, n.a. 1651) 6 1 ~ u n ~ ~ ? ~ ~ o & n ~ w b ~ i ~ u ~ u n i s ~ i a i u n ' u k n q w b b a z ~ i ~ i ~ ~ u a ~ d

njnqw iwnw"i~SA"4oh~n~~aiub~om~ou ludqm~~mn~~nuojnqun"u6n.a" lu.izrrii~

n.a. 1652-1654 waaosas~siu~d~d~~~n'bG?u.a"uauz~ei i~~~~ain ~~dw"i~SA"nis6iaos6'~fl~

iu~? iu~ lun iuu in$u su ludqmw~n6~ .a"~ ik~u~uw" iau"~a"~~ ia~uf in~ n.R. 1654

ojnq JRinds~IuaG~inni~w"ia"qqinis6in"ua3~mu ~muuiinunrTds?~na $i~huudd?u

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ ~ I U ~ ~ Q I N I P F I U I Q J O ~ ~ ~ ~ L ~ T Q ~ I ~ ~ ? M J ~ U ~ ~ ~ J ~ U mnonszuznni 9 TI . n~sounfi6dnplsod d ~ ~ ~ i i r ? i u b ~ ~ ~ u i ~ d s z ~ n R ~ d n q w ~ e i i d u i n udai?&nqwfY.dGuulu

- n eml m . i ~ n ~ 1 m ~ ~ ~ d ~ w s i ~ ~ " ~ i ~ a i u ~ n ~ " u o ~ E u s z u ~ n w [ l i l s u n ~ ~ ~ l ~ n ~ . i o ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ u i ~ ~ u ~ a a i u i u c " Cln ~do~~ounnnilua?Alu~fiouEuuiuu R.R. 1658 ymsnu4~ %I~A nnuraari (Richard

433 Cromwell) I6ii~bwd~iludaui u~n i l a j aoun i s~ ios~sn ioon~ in i i ~b~od~ o'Jnqu~s=ioviu w a *d

. i z u ~ u n w m ~ ~ o n ~ ~ ~

wsn&a~ iad i 2 (Charles 11, . . 1660-1685) tdu1osnaa~ws:tii .d d c r w n h a n 1 mnnuldo~d~~ua'b6~unis6~8~ui b ~ u n k 5 e ~ ' ~ ~ n q d ~ ~ ~ u n ~ & ~ m m n & ' a e i

(Restoration ..a. 1660-1688)' W S ~ L T ~ I ~ I Y ~ ~ Q ~ ~ 2 WVIBIU%IW na iu~u iu6~0d~n"u~~an i

~ r ~ ~ ~ u I d I . ~ ~ u i u ~ w n ~ u t u i i u ~ i ~ ~ s ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ w ~ a o ~ w s = : ~ ~ i r r ~ ~ ~ ~ 14 I uviacl+db~a rn~nuo'9nqm~uRid (Anglo-Dutch War, R.F% 1664-1667) wndnngii

Cdnqwauz w"i~w'sl~~8n~wauodwan6n.a"o0n~inni~~~ddu"unis~i~i~nzbnr~azo1~ieinu

& n Q w (New Amsterdam) roc6n.a" ~~nndduuQo u i 13u

Gaustn (New York) ,

6 i u~ iau i l u R.R. 1672 wsadi.diffidi( 2 m d d n n i ~ n ~ ~ ~ ~ u d ~ p d ~ u (Declaration

of Indulgence) I [Wi&n~~nid~iaui ~ ~ ~ u n ~ t i n n ~ t l u i ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ ~ d 1 p i o 6 1 u w ~ n ' b ~ i b f i u 6 a ~

nidRiaui (Dissident) ~"IIXW?~~~I~QE~IK?U wa1lsz1ua~d~uin~4~1 ~ n u & ~ d a i ? ~ n q d J

6

' Easton, P.735.

~d~i j lknnwmila~$f tnmaa~~ (Test Act, R.H. 1673) riinumii +isiani~nflu6od

oinsianis sauA~iYilaiuroud n[n:nucituain Oarnes, Duke of York) wseoyaihkc

oonoineiiwJd~~yainisnodol'w 50

l u R.n. 1679 $anilkonwqmarjry$Gslas FI&$I (Habeas Corpus Act)

i i n u n i i w a k n ~ w ~ n w u d ~ n < u ~ u ~ u ~ ~ o z 6 o ~ ~ u a i a f i 0 i s ~ 1 ~ ~ ~ d o i l o ~ n i l i a ~ d m s

<uquln~lwanis

i g a n i l k ~ u n n ~ ~ u ~ u i i n k (Exclusion Bill, n.m. 1679-1681)' ~ilunl)nuiu

i i n k r ~ 2 ~ ~ ~ i a 1 u wud dd~flu~iwolinrj~niilusiaGaa"dn"~dnqw ~ariwsza~iai~add 2 233

~$~w'iu'uih.flu wad i~o a~az l r ibundsr~g.umi~a~~~a~i R.n. 168 1 ~yningnuiuiim$u16

a?iswaiuauldGa~aEdnqwuin o~di'LXdnissau6a~fluwss~nistdod 2 wssw w - bd w n n n d (Tory) ddsd%fi8stuunvwsuw~n6odwiunQ~ui~~~ata~u6ssu ~ r a r w s n i i

8.5 d (Whig) aGuaou6unl)nuiun"nnu 'dddah~l6aafiwant?anau (The Round Heads)

5. w.sr~6i~oudi 2

r6iviur-aud mi@k~oin l ~ u ~ s o ~ s i a a u d n j n q u u'wsruiuii w a ~ 6 i ~ o u d 2

Oarnes I, n.n 1685-1688) lu6u?ania~andouiiwsz~+1aoua"d 2 ~ f a i u ~ s n r i i k n ~ v

~ul1~Gubofi~aui~i~o5n'b6iido ~~arwszos~ds=niaun~^anwszsia~yy~n~aou (Test Act)

afluns&G~wu w"i'Lfiwanninn~n~~u$iuauuinl6na'e1au"7ui~usianis8n~~~

' Cran Brinton, John B. Christopher and Robert W. Wolff, A History of Civillization. 3 rd.ed.,

(New Jersey : Prentice Hall, Inc.), P.396.

\ I r P T w PI

a i ~ ~ n q d d w o ~ n i - i d i ~ d u u ~ u u i u a s d " u a Y u ~ i w o ~ n ~ ~ ~ w ~ ~ ~ 4 i ~ o u & d 2 umnsdu ~ ~ i u n i J i i m q n i ~ & ~ p l i ( ~ a i p ~ ~ ~ u n i ~ d ~ ~wnzw~njirou66 2 i i ianiuin 2 W T Z Q J ~ ~

u'u~~~ia~i~d~~.nunun'bw" Go ~ ~ ? H ~ o u u $ (Mary) ~ ~ ~ ( M O J R ~ M ~ I~EI~~~~L~~RuTR~J r 6 ? a ~ u l a l u r w (William of Orange) ua-r6~~01,row (Anne) w $6 m i

I

od6aa*n~6nfiawnau~an"ur&a?aaef~bri~b~~1~?~n (George of Denmark) doui aoiunissd"bdduu1d d~w.nu ia~ru~uf i~Tuiu i (Mary of Modena) ns~<u6owiaui~inOIn

~ u i u d 5 wqR~niuu R 1688 ~~iaiu"anbiiuu~iO8;~'9~n~dwvi5unwaduun6~i~d noi~u8 (Torbay) dwm%nqw Tmulriiini.rviohulmy .Gw~w"IIxw~&~'IL~~~~ 2 dio~

~ a i o n a d o i d t ~ ~ p l ~ ni3dBR R.H. 1688 ~ d 6 + i ~ ~ u m ~ d ~ a i ~ d d n i ~ u o ~ ~ ~ o m ~ ~ a t 1 6 i u

ni~tlu'uauuoinauyn~z6u.a"u~o~~~nqw aqni~ni~bf i~ iuauqiain~%pl~a'~~odi~T~~pdb (The Glorious Revolution) G ~ I ~ U ~ I ~ L ~ ~ U U L L ~ R ~ W ~ " J I H ~ T U ~ ~ ~ ~ W

%la a.w. 1689 ? ~ ~ n i I 6 o o n 6 i d s ~ m a 4 ~ ~ (Declaration of Rights) $id%

~ n ~ u o t a i ? & n ~ w ~ ~ ~ u ~ i ~ d ~ ~ d u ~ i ~ w ~ b b ~ R ~ i n l ~ n l (Magna Carta, R.R. 1215) bhudd fjnldun?odaw~ (Petition of Rights, R~I, 1628) ~~azRivu~l inGfi86~nqwIdi id iui~ u n ~ ~ n n ~ ~ u i u l n y Twuijl6iuiiu~?iuduaouoin5~~ni Idddiuio~iiun~Gv?of?"b^su~~uufi~6u

v w u ~Jddiuir~nodw"w1a"busiun~u ~wu~d~6~u~?iubM"uaouoin~gani imr-iryi~yuuno

?'nnilbondszmfla~uiu~(u 3 qum%ud R.n. 1689 nnidu i~<i ln@~uu$T~~9"~~

w%~uiauu% 2 (Mary 11, R.H. 1689-1694) UR~W%E~~I?RLSU~I~ 3 (William 111,

n.H. 1689-1702) l%%~unkk%i%nq%! f l ~ w c u n d n a ~ (Dualism)

~ n u i ~ i d z n i f l i i a u 3 (Declaration of ~i~hts)16bdduub~uw%sl~qq%<i&au~n~

(Bill of Rights, 1689) n d i a ~ i ~ d ~ n 6 ~ ~ i l r ~ a ? n i ~ d a i a ~ d n ~ w ~ r " l u ' b 6 ? u u i ~ d ~ b i ~ d ~ ~ u

uoneind n i~~a3~u j~Tso~~4n~un is~Sdo .u"m b b ~ d ~ i d ~ i ~ b ~ ~ d ~ ~ ~ i ~ d b ~ ~ ~ ~ f l ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ d 17

~ ~ a z F ; l f t ~ o m R o n . 1 689 sqvanilrko nw%z%i"d~y~6~~6b%%85'~11a Him (Act of

Tolerations)

l u n ~ s ~ m n i s ~ o ~ ~ i a ~ d i n ~ ~ l u s i a o i ~ i ~ n s

rdo8uqmmnmuinui1 (The Hundred Years' War, f4.R. 1337-1453) dd~qunis

A ' & 'Lusmiid m.n. 1562-1589 ~ n ~ m ~ i ~ n i a u i ~ ~ m ~ u n d 8 R% ~z~iii lwan~inabnn"uw+~n & d o d Ba~nnTupi uims~naimfdL6~1,d n1~8d~is~~wan~a~nabu6diuau~~in~ua'odba~~~aaad

rinyqu~%firaiia (St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre) 'Lu R.H. 1 572 WR~IUFIIRUI~U

8mm~do~au:~d~uiai5 (Henry of Navarre) d ~ ~ , ~ u ~ ~ u w a n ~ a ~ n a b u l b ; ~ ~ i d n u ~ i m s W n g

dsiudsi~eaio~~~a"ib~~~ba~a~iduimubadb~un~m~e~bbd~el~db~awszui~i i W%~LGI~BIU~ w n 6- d 4 (Henry IV, . . 1589-1610) d~~nwmsu~~d i l~ i "~~a~de ]~ua~d (Bourbon) L ~ ~ I G

w n 6 ' # a d n i s ~ i l u n w m s u a n ~ w s z a ~ m ~ d u . ~ u a ~ ~ ~ ~ ' ~ ~ a ~ d s z ~ i " ~ ~ u d a u ~ ~ waa~6i~~di(uuninui~~ibdu

minn'in aaazdsen~anqwjn~bbddbi~dodadd (Edict of Nantes) m.n. 1598 asfi~,a?niwapd

n is~u~awiaui~~r iwan 'be ls~naumuw"~~i f i~~an~i~nSn

w&wqud 13

w~~diw~ud; 13 (Louis XIII, n . ~ . 1610-1643) ~ V R S Q J ~ T ~ ~ J U ~ ~ d o ~ w s : :

auuyln' 9 w3sw1 kiqiiLio~l¶ms WTZ~ISSII l k ~ f i WSLUI~V~S la LU# (Marie

de Medicl, A.H. 1610-1624) ~iowiu~wsr~~in~sd~ 13 l 6 d n ~ s ~ ~ d 3 z ~ n ~ 6 i 7 ~ ~ s : o ~ 6 b o ~ e4d 0 fimu~~msu~~~ bnu~umnm 6flj Co &~lm.a ?L.~~^%LQQ (Cardinal Richelieu, a.H. 1624-

1642) ~Zunuln td~uln~unl~dn~3~9d~:bWRd~9 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I I X ~ ~ I ~ ~ I K ~ ~ Q ~ W ~ ~ L G I H ~ U ~

fi 13 n~~u'nondrl Zu~~mund~ai~ unu1naoin~llil3&rar~~~%~~1~au1u~na"un"ulwa~od

d~usiulvr~miuvi?~d~~uin$u & ~ a a ~ m o m r d d i u i o ~ ~ u 6 1 u n ~ ~ 1 ~ 1 ~ nni~isr io~du

unmi-du w"il~'rii luliouoa4~~anai~~wf n ~ ~ i w 1 d o d i ~ = i a ~ 6 a w " a r ] ~ ~ b w ~ anirin~dud

~iluni~rnud~cmuu?n6nn"u uarani$a~d, (Estates General) W~ofl7d6dssyurau

hunnis dnisd?udpnodfi

~ G 1 ~ n a i u d i 6 ~ m ~ i i u i ~ ~ i ~ ~ z ~ a L L R ~

6iuniaui ?b"b~booiini~ds7udsiuwan~abnobum" Idd~wsiznaiudonisnraui u a c bbidowndszbua~nidn7sbdnd wanh~nabudu8n~wnuin~ou q &oz~flu6udoszuunwmsu

lu A.R. 1628 b~odaib~~baa (La Rochelle) ~ d b ~ u d l u ~ n n i d h ~ u n d ~ a n ~ a ~ n ~ b u 6 0 n ~ i a i u

ii!'nisnu~eosw?n8abnabu6~6~u~um~aiudi6~ad %3io1157 dnis~~arninndl"uTwss

rr4doiud race of Alais) go n~tpl?uiusmaniuo6ubnw~~b~n'wannu~dw"11 J d i ~ 1$w?n

' ~abnobum"~u~oniauiuodmu16~~ud ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ a i u b ~ u w a b ~ ~ d L r i i b ~ u u n ' u w a n ~ i n o ~ n ~ b i c a : r u IJoyryimlXini~dszquni~~7aui ~~oi~iJo~Cloudsinis~nrPioId m~niscu~s~u~dunis ,

in id f lw3z~n~udd 14 un~Rnba~msuri~~do~uo~a%u~aaiioui

- d war6iwqudg 14 ( ~ o u i s XIV, n . ~ . 1643-1715) ~u~so~siaauumbuowaauui;16

5 wssw i j w ~ z ~ i ~ m i ~ o wwiduau (~nne ) b~rr~didonam.suazd~~su~ibauiuld

di6yfio 8da~rn"aa~iaiw (Mazarin, n.d. 1642-1661.)

31 4 HI 351

l u a.R. 1648 ~fimnugdaosd (Fronde) oinnuidnanidiiliuuo (Parliament) da w n c ~~u~n~z.au~u~uuid~6odn i3199"~n i3d~~d un~ifn~zuuhnaa~m~qoni.r kui-iruunmsu

Aun5as3w5naiud~zni3 bdu ni3b6uni~~d~~d'bm"~u~aiu~~uaouoinwanmu bbarwan

~ ~ u o r kd&?uiium.runba"u~insli~~d 3n5nudqn$uQuor6od'b6?uni3floi3~i w#niulu 24

t a h d $odun~oi~Biidq ~ n d i ~ n ~ i u ~ u ~ n i ~ u n ~ ~ d ~ n ~ (Petition of Rights, a.H. 1628)

w-izb$inqud# 14 d s m i n u m i f n n ~ n u i u ~ ' l d ~ f i ~ ~ u ~ i d ~ i ~ u i (Edict of Nantes, a.R.

1685) .~-1199"~~n~a~no~u6d~naiuf~~arii~1u-~~iu?uuinowown~oonuondsrmn . da

w~r~4'1nqudd 14 u~nisdxm~~mum3d ~ d f u d o ~ l d ~ u i b ( q ~ ? ~ ani (Estates

General) ~ d d n i ~ ~ m d ~ q u ~ a u m a o m a ~ u n i ~ d n n ~ o d " ~ ~ ~ d w ~ z ~ d & b ~3ZL<iH~udd 14 n-id

uounuiu'L99"~inna~mnom (Interdants) $ini ' iu?nisdiu~muv~d .n"d'Lud~ua~ni~ E dd

ua-hurin~du s i i u ~ r i ~ ~ ~ n n o ~ t i ~ ~ i u i ~ ~ i ~ f i n a i u ~ ~ u ~ u ~ u ~ u o ~ ~ ~ d ~ ~ a r ~ d i u i o ~ ~ u u i n ~ u

!diuidluniso;R3ua~ufiiadi~q bdu Parliament of Paris !huio~~arofi3nf~ind;m

31 5

6 ~ w s ~ a 1 w ~ A 0 dd T~ass~lh (Colbert, A. ~ ~ ~ ~ J P ~ ~ " ~ ~ ~ W U R ~ I B J ~ I B J I ~ ~ ~ U I ~ I L L ~ ~ ~

i n ~ w a ~ ~ i i n ~ m z ? ~ - ; u w 5 w " a ~ a i u 491

~ 5 u $ ~ u n i s ; a ~ i ~ n s 3 u 1 ~ ~ 7 ~n?onri is ' L f l ~ n i s n i i ~ l i o a u d a ~ u i ~ ~ ~ f ~ b b a z a ~ ~ ~ a y ~ d GwinCvr~Baliiiuu ~ j l u d s r m ~ d $ ~ ~ m ~ u n d i &inCTnauu%n (Colbertism) ~ i l u ~ i ~ w !

hniyw"i~p;l"d$a~nanubnisuaaa~inim~~~BJ' ~ $ n ~ i l ~ ~ ~ ~ i d a ~ m ~ ~ ~ u a z n a i ~ ~ ~ z ~ i ~ ~ ~ ~ i i

da ~ s u n d ~ u b u u ~ u ~ i p l ~ u n ' p ~ s ~ a ~ ~ w (colonial Trade) uwuaiunia ~ r i - i q i i s a o ~

I~a~~uinfii~$nna~u$akauoad$a~fi~Tm~~~fiq~a ~ i 'Lp ; l " c i~a~na~f lu {~ in~a~r i~w~ i i~~Tsd

I 14 hhn%;scuzdnuu.au ~ ~ a r a ~ i d w ~ z n a a ' d b ~ a ~ a ~ ~ a " (Versailles) < A s i d

ds~5uaaereia~uaoaaiu8adnu~n~3ua~aIafl

(R.w. 1672-1678) ~~nzdd~~rnubn~~usJ'~abdu (cI.c(. 1701-1713) ~ h 6 u t i i [ ~ d $ d ~ ~ ~

sin~8uiuld8n~n?wei3udun~d ua:~5idlsraiauhuauuini ivlw"3uunifiia2um~udaiua~u '

ao~wszo~~~uIl ioioor~~n"bvIFi ~ i l u p ~ i i ~ ~ i i I ~ ~ n i s ~ f i ~ ~ t ~ ~ n a ~ P ~ ~ n n.fi. 1789

i i oiosrndiilrili ~u'uwsr~4'inqudd 14 nuounuysoliqi3nB3iad

~ q ~ ~ ~ ~ l i o ~ d i y n a d i ~ n d ~ ~ ~ ~ a ~ i l u ~ u u ' n a i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ d ~r~ni i lu~i in i~Au~aiuf in~Au

L L B ~ L ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ c I . ~ Q ~ ~ P I P I ~ I ~ I E ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ o B ~ ~ ~ (Unenlightened Despotism) o d d s

n"wiuw~~6in~ud614 iws:~iadiuiiluinsundiaa'i aha~5~lR'~ig" (I am the State via

L'Etat C'est Moi) ~ ~ a d ~ ~ u i j u ~ ~ u n d ~ d i i b 9 " 1 u n h ~ d 1 b ~ d ~ a d 1 1 ~ ~ d (The Sun King)

' Wallace K. Ferguson and G

w rr < u ~ n ~ o ~ i j o ~ ~ a z ~ u ~ s a u n a ~ u ~ m ~ v d u ' a ~ n w " u uaz!G~n~uirnwmsu~~ugudsauR~a"~wa~~az~flu

~G~lumsn'~a~ns~un"uwanCai !ubvomis& nGn^s~abd~l6%-1w~d5~b05od"~a.i~~ei1d Go

nu1snsaud1u1ohdfiudna1d~6od1db~m"111mbm~~1u~ri8~d~~y~1n"ub<1~ns~duns 91 a d d u w P w' n1sb6uhu1dlfirrinwmser~1usz1~oerau~s~1~1~nbs1 ~ u a r u z i h a h nGliil~u~rif&~d

~ w ~ y n ' u i [ ~ ~ ~ A t i u m z ~ ~ ~ l ~ M?oboin~ldPnaulozu7~dL#uan"un~sLio9 u a z ~ d l ~ o h a n a d w a g ~odb~un16!Gfi1aw bws~z<umzd~di~~ud~nwmsuabdu~os!db^su<~uauu~n!un~sn'~

asns~u dwdofi~au~

rnz~di"117iadi 1 urianrdu (Charles I, ~ . d . 1516) IK?u~60nlilu$nswss5b~id

(CharlesV, m.n. 1519-1556) n'1!~a~~lu~6nsounsodo1~1~"11mna'1d"11a1 %I d~du ~ubfio$~baud #W pl

Luosnum qbsdmnnala unlirviso~dno~~m ln1iil6 oamm?u &nis ~rah2i~Sis Ruumu ,

~~~i~dodnssoudszbnfid$~bfia w " ~ ! G w ~ ~ ~ $ ~ v i ~ ~ u % a ~ ~ ~ ~ d $ ~ ~ w a i ~ a i u ~ a ~ l i ; l ~ n ; P L ~ -

wq1Gwrn<la~%dd 1 ~ i ~ ~ ~ d ~ s i o ~ r i ~ a ~ n s ~ u n " u d $ ~ ~ ~ a ~ ~ o u m a ~ m ~ " ~ ~ d u Wsz~41~1+idd

1 ~ddn~du~au~mhRu~~mudsz~nfid~ (The Low Countries) ~:o~dlouii3unG~3dabdu49

' Edward McNall Burns, Robert E. Umer and Standish Meacham, Western Civllizatlon : Their History and Their Culture. 9 th-ed., (New York : W.W.Norton &Company, 1980), P.513.

!ua~uw-sr~<i?Ji?dd 2 abelu~d&d~i3auui&3ru::~rsn Bsiu'b6uniniaoin

oiruiCnuluTanbd oirqnunuy3ni6audnodii~~azGu siul6qlnd~uo'un?idl~t-LJ an:: waR-~'bs~inni~uiuu~niswis~iaui ~ ~ a z u i u i i ~ ~ ~ P d ~ ' ~ 1 i ~ ~ i m i ~ ~~miudni~nCuQaniauos

~~ i~< i?J i?dd 2 !y R.H. 1598 n ~ d ~ ~ ~ i u : : m ~ n i s ~ u m n ~ i u i n ~ ~ ~ u a " u a ~ a i ~ ~wsirnisli?

. j iuOuodi~uinl~ni~w"ia~nsiu~~a~Wubuuiufiw"nd~i~ui uan~inf! Gu~~a::na~i~diuau

u i n i 1 ~ ~ i n o i ~ i i j n u ~ u ~ a d n d m n b ~ u w a ~ ~ 3 c ~ u a r i u o d ~ n ~ s ~ ~ u'nqmainns=iu unc d L ~nauinisdi~dsrmpr n m ~ w o 6 i n ~ ~ u 6 ~ ~ . j i u ~ u ~ i u a ~ u i n b w o a d ~ u 6 i a " * 1 ~ ~ ~ ~ e l d n i ~

o~rui8wu6osnqs ~dos~in~~elulJdnisw3m~a~

ndplsiun'uriidI~xmflda"i kq Alhl~t-t ~ ~ R ~ I U ~ Y U C I ~ ~ L R R (R.R. 1556-1 559) ndnsiu

~inuiIu~u~aoiuau6 kqn~iunaiu~flunsnnu{~on~ia (R.FI. 1566-1579) buara,mnu

n'ufinqo (n.fl. 1588) d d ~ ~ d u v l i u b ~ ~ ~ c y ~ ~ u n o s ~ o o u i ~ ~ ' (Armada) w"i~99"abeluhdnn

BnEwaun::diuioni~nis~do~lu~Tsel

adnnu&ijuima"an& (The War of the Leaque of Augsburg, n.fl. 1688-1697)

uvi~dtdb~n6osninidt~iadnsi~~6aua~d~a"cy@i~a~n (The Treaty of Ryswick, n . ~ . 1697)

as~maJ3uaiaaaJ~~abolod ,

~.i:&aili~ralnd 2 (Charles 11, n . ~ . 1665-1700) n~m5~n~du8uw3zau6 LuIdB

~flunanudlairiiWsd"~nssuuoua~flu~w"bb6b~u Ro~,<iaiuFlGdudsaas~ (Philip ofAnjou)

d~~3unniuaot~~z~<i 'v1~~8d 14 d~s~f la6~~n i~~uunun~e lu w " i ~ w " d x ~ n ~ i ~ 7 k~qkiel 'bdwo~~~s3au~an"ub~u~~~iw'~du~lirla (Grand Alliance) dscnou6au &nqu b~bfi i l fbba~6

~uo3Gu qiaou ~ ia~nnun 'ud td~~n~und i asnnu~unaau~~abdod (The War of the

vnd 9 ~ i w u i n i s v a ~ ~ r u a v ~ ~ ~ g s ~ ~ q ~ ~ w 31 9

Spanish Succession, A.H. 1702-1713)' ~ z ~ i i c l d & ~ f i a ~ u ~ n ~ w ~ ~ ~ b b d d o o a b w ~ u ?hi! &nqw bu~aoiunu6 unruu~uuu$$n~fluw"ua~m~ au~~~o~?Zu6ni8unru?ba~y~sddi

!udFIn%i! ni.rdsrddsru oun"u ~ ~ o ~ Z a d a ~ i u ~ n ~ 9 1 " i ~ u s (The Peace of

~trecht)' a.w. 1713 i7hnaiuii6ycdi

1. ~<iaiuWfiduri~no~~'b6~~unGw3da~du iiw.r-uiuii wa~$i3ir l f / 5 (Philip V)

~mu~yyiiise~~.i?ua~dun"uel~~~fia ~ia?~~iuoddl6ns~dab~u~a"dsin~i"(1addbba1~d~~$n

nso~uirilunni~iiou 200 il ~ ~ ! ~ d ~ ~ ~ f i m m r a ~ d u ~ ~ ~ t ~ ~ f l u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ n " u u ~ u ~ u n a ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ n " ~

niu!~nisdnn~osao~6oaio~iaa~4b~uan"u

w w Pnel 3. nqa~~B~naa~dq i?os (Duke of Savoy) In~u~qaunra iR~Gu ~ u ~ u i d i u i r ,

o o ~ n a ? ~ d ~ i a o t i l < ~ ~ u u $ ~ $ u ~ i l u ~ ~ a u 8 w i 3 6 i i s u n.fi. 1870

4. L < I ~ R ~ ~ J U R ~ U L L U ~ U L ~ ~ L ~ $ ~ ~dd~iaarlfiab~ubdh~b~iu (Hohenzollern) I 6 n n

iusa~giurii~ilunGn3ddQa~Qu u&b~u~sd"i!ums~?uai~buo~~u~ids!u R.FI. 1871

~ J R T I U ~ ~ ~ (The Seven Years War, R.R. 1756-1763) s r v i i ~ d % w l ~ dbdu onabw%

unr?adu diundd n ' u o j n q w n r d i ~ d u ~ n ~ i u ~ d d ddb~udiuaurnd~lnu w"i!<eltdbfia

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Ferguson, PP.342-3. 2 Ferguson, P.369.

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1. ~ ~ Q ~ U I ~ ~ ~ I % J O C I U W (Meaning) bbaz8aixra'i&y (Significant) "11dAi

r ~ ; Q~d~Ul?ps"bf 718

1.1 Thomas Hobbes

1.2 Protectorate

1.3 The Glorious Revolution of 1688

1.4 Devine Right of King

1.5 Magna Carta I

1.9 The Low Countries

1.10 The War of the Spanish Succession

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