uia congress, work programme architecture for...
TRANSCRIPT
UIA 2011 World Congress, Work Programme‐Architecture for All
Harry Kurniawan Dept. of Architecture & Planning, University of Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta, Indonesia;and Center for Universal Design & ‘Diffabilities’ (CUDD)
re fo
r All
center of religious activities muslim
Architectur activities, muslim
places of worship and prayer; and
que:
ogramme‐A and prayer; and
also community’s social activities
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o social activities. The word "mosque" comes
n Des
ignin
f Unive
rsa
d Co
ngress, mosque comes
from the Arabic masjid, which is
miliarity in
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World masjid, which is
related to the word for "prostration.“
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2 for prostration. (VIVAnews/Tri Saputro)
WE HAVE VARIATED AND ALSO DIFFERENT ABBILITIES THEREFORE DIFFABLE
re fo
r All All of us are young once, most of us become old, and any of us can
become disabled at anytime. And as we age, our capabilities change. (….. Sunset Books on bathrooms: Planning & Remodeling, 2000, p. 50)
Natural Architectur
Been a CHILD
Been a YOUNG and caring
be an OLD
TEMPORARY obstacle Has PERMANENT
obstacle
que:
ogramme‐A
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o
n Des
ignin
f Unive
rsa
d Co
ngress,
WE HAVE VARIATED AND ALSO DIFFERENT ABBILITIES, THEREFORE DIFFABLE
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, COMMUNITY NOT “DISSABLE”
Muslims are expected to pray five times a day, preferably in a mosque and cannot be abandoned unless very specific condition happens (as
Fam
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2 and cannot be abandoned unless very specific condition happens (as explained in Holy Qur’an).
Si d S f A h dU
p y
’
re fo
r All 1. Equitable Use
2. Flexibility in Use Architectur
3. Simple and Intuitive Use 4. Perceptible Information
que:
ogramme‐A
5. Tolerance for Error 6. Low Physical Effort
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o 7. Size and Space for Approach and Use The Center for Universal Design, NC State University (1997)
Complimentary note:
n Des
ignin
f Unive
rsa
d Co
ngress,
‘designers not only involves consideration for usability butmust also incorporate other considerations such as economic,engineering, cultural, gender, and environmental concerns inth i d i ’
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It means that UD can bring the form of the locality and by its logic and simplicity it can be shared universally
Fam
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2 by its logic and simplicity it can be shared universally.
1 understanding mosque’s program & form 1. understanding mosque s program & form 2. understanding diffability characteristics 3. exploration of common mosque activities culture
UIA 2011 World Congress, Work Programme‐Architecture for All
, 9
F ili ire
for A
ll Familiarity (proximity,
Architectur
closeness)
Kwarasan Mosque,
que:
ogramme‐A 2008
(unbuilt Project), Location: Klaten,
C l J P i
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o Central Java Province
n Des
ignin
f Unive
rsa
d Co
ngress,
Exopansion of AlManar Mosque , 2009
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q (On Going Project,
Fund raising Process), Location: Palembang,
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2 South Sumatera Province
ll f i
p
room
re fo
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Main functions: one big prayer room,
Architectur
small room for imam (praying leader) and a place for khatib
que:
ogramme‐A
(preacher’s podium). supporting functions
consist of places for
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o consist of places for men and women’s wudhu (ablution) andalso lavatories
n Des
ignin
f Unive
rsa
d Co
ngress, also lavatories.
other functions, such as multipurpose
bank
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playgroup, book store, etc.
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2
t
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Architectur
Simple l fl
que:
ogramme‐A rectangle floor
plan T i l id
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o Tropical pyramid or dome or
i d
n Des
ignin
f Unive
rsa
d Co
ngress, onion dome rooftop Si l i l
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building mass Minaret
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2 Minaret
h l h
er
,
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r All
Thomson, etc (1984) describes five majorgroups that belong to disability group which
Architectur groups that belong to disability group which
need several basic design requirements, which are:
que:
ogramme‐A
wheelchair users ambulant disabled deaf and hard of hearing
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o deaf and hard of hearing visually impairment mentally handicappedWhile Harrison and Park (in Christophersen
n Des
ignin
f Unive
rsa
d Co
ngress, While Harrison and Parker (in Christophersen
[ed.], 2002) add others in the list of minorityusers of a built environment, such as:
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persons with cognitive disabilities persons with multiple disabilities and elderly
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2 elderly
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No ‘Diffabilities ‘groups Handicapped by:
1 Wheelchair users •being at a lower level than everyone Architectur 1 Wheelchair users
(depends on a wheelchair for mobility)
being at a lower level than everyone else •being wider than everyone else •being able to go only where wheels can
que:
ogramme‐A g g y
take him
2 Ambulant disabled (able to walk but who may
•have trouble reaching, bending, stooping kneeling and crouching
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o to walk but who may depend on prostheses (artificial limbs), orthoses (calipers), sticks, crutches
stooping, kneeling, and crouching •being unable to sustain physical effort– to stand for long periods or to carry heavy items even short distances, for
n Des
ignin
f Unive
rsa
d Co
ngress, (calipers), sticks, crutches
or walking aids; and also include people who have some physical disability
heavy items even short distances, for example
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p y y which affects their mobility or use of a building but do not rely on
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2 aids of any kind)
•
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No ‘Diffabilities ‘groups Handicapped by: Architectur 3 Visually impairment
(means vision loss that constitutes a significant li it ti f i l
•being difficult for people to pick out details in their environment. Things may look foggy. b i bl t b l l it
que:
ogramme‐A limitation of visual
capability resulting from disease, trauma, or a congenital or degenerative
•being able to observe only large items, or to distinguish only shadow and light. •Glare from highly polished floors and highly reflective wall coverings may be
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o congenital or degenerative condition that cannot be corrected by conventional means including refractive
highly reflective wall coverings may be blinding, as may bright light from direct lighting or from windows. •not being able to see adequately at
n Des
ignin
f Unive
rsa
d Co
ngress, means, including refractive
correction, medication, or surgery)
not being able to see adequately at low levels of lighting.
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No ‘Diffabilities ‘groups
Handicapped by: Architectur
4 Deaf and hard of hearing (Deafness i f th t
•not be able to hear many sounds, particularly soft ones; and/or not be able to hear high tones, l t b th
que:
ogramme‐A is one of the most
isolating disabilities. The effects of deafness
low tones, or both. •(when listening to speech) may not be able to understand certain words containing higher‐pitched consonants
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o effects of deafness are subtle and far‐reaching, the most important being
pitched consonants. •have difficulty distinguishing specific sounds when background noise is present or multiple conversations are going on
n Des
ignin
f Unive
rsa
d Co
ngress, important being
the inability to communicate via the spoken word)
conversations are going on. •have difficulty locating the source of sounds
miliarity in
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No ‘Diffabilities ‘groups Handicapped by: Architectur 5 Elderly (People who
is 50 years of age and older)
•being unable to sustain physical effort–to stand for long periods or to carry heavy items even short distances, for example h diffi l lif i hi d lli
que:
ogramme‐A •have difficulty lifting, pushing, and pulling
objects or raising or lowering themselves (say, from a sitting position to a standing position)
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o position).
n Des
ignin
f Unive
rsa
d Co
ngress,
6 Children (a young person especially between infancy and
•being at a lower level than everyone else
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youth)
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requirements 1 Deaf and guidance information in entrance
Architectur 1 Deaf and
hard of hearing
guidance information in entrance signage (sholat/praying, khotbah/speech, azan/praying
call) in mosque’s tower (with color), in wudhu, in bathroom
que:
ogramme‐A
implementing OHP working principle as khutbah’s display
emergency bell in bathroom
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o g y clear and consistent and full signposting, labelling and
display of information 2 Blind person tactile map in entrance
n Des
ignin
f Unive
rsa
d Co
ngress, 2 Blind person tactile map in entrance
guiding block for reaching steps or ramp handrail Braille plat in handrail
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p 3 Elder person access bath room
access wudhu room complemented with bench railing
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2 railing
re fo
r All Group Accessibility Needed/basic accessibel design
requirements 4 Ambulant access bath room
Architectur 4 Ambulant
disabled access bath room access wudhu room accessible parking place accessible praying room
que:
ogramme‐A p y g
handrail space requirements in circulation areas and door widths alternative provision will be necessary, such as steps as
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o p y p well as ramps and narrower wc cubicles
5 Children access bathroom access wudhu room complemented with lower water
n Des
ignin
f Unive
rsa
d Co
ngress, access wudhu room complemented with lower water
fixtures 6 Wheelchair
users all kinds of fittings, controls and equipment need to be
places within a narrow range of reach
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the minimum width and space requirements changes in level must be negotiated by means of ramps
or lift
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2 or lift floor surfaces should be smooth and hard
Fammiliarityinn
Des
igninng
aMos
que:
APrracticeoff
Unive
rsaal
Des
ign
UIA
22011
Worldd
Cong
ress,,W
orkPr
oogramme‐AArchitecturreforA
ll 4 3 2 1
312.50 360.00 495.00
A
Mimbar 204.50
+ 1.60 + 0.825 + 0.475 + 0 .1 25
+ 0.65 + 0.30 - 0 .50
B tempat sholat
Wudhu akses 150.50 akses + 1.00 + 0.95
C
+ 0.99 R. Sholat 1200.00 + 1.00 480.00 WC
Laki-laki WC+ 0.97 akses Wudhu Wudhu Laki-laki
Perempuan + 0.95 + 0.97
+ 0.99
+ 0.95 + 0.875
+ 0.75 330.00 + 0.625
+ 0.50
+ 0.375
+ 0.25
+ 0.125
WC 226.54Perempuan + 0.70+ 0.67
205.00 347.50 362.50
770.00 100.00
tempat + 0.8 75
tempat parkir + 0.75
parkir akses + 0.6 25
+ 0.50 mobil ± 0 00 180 00 ± 0.00 180.00 ± 0.00 + 0.3 75
+ 0.25
+ 0.1 25
1050.00
Halaman± 0.00 Denah Lantai Dasar1st Floor Plan(Ruang Sholat)(Ruang Sholat)
Of Kwarasan Mosque
re fo
r All
Architectur
que:
ogramme‐A
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o
1. parking 2. entrance
n Des
ignin
f Unive
rsa
d Co
ngress,
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3. ramp 4. main room
(Familiar architectural language)
re fo
r All (Familiar architectural language) Onion dome
Minaret Architectur
que:
ogramme‐A
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o
n Des
ignin
f Unive
rsa
d Co
ngress,
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45◦ square door shape
re fo
r All Islamic Calligraphy
New Minaret Existing Minaret
Architectur Existing Minaret
que:
ogramme‐A
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o
n Des
ignin
f Unive
rsa
d Co
ngress,
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45◦ square door shape
Fammiliarity inn
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igninng
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e:
A Prractice off
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Des
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Architectur
ogramme‐A
, Work Pr
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2011
World
UIA
2
Fammiliarity inn
Des
igninng
a M
os qu
e:A
Prractice off
Unive
rsaal
Des
ign
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(familiar route—with alternatives) Architectur
ogramme‐A
, Work Pr
od Co
ngress,
2011
World
UIA
2
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(familiar route—with alternatives) Architectur
que:
ogramme‐A
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o
n Des
ignin
f Unive
rsa
d Co
ngress,
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praying schedule board Architectur
que:
ogramme‐A
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o
n Des
ignin
f Unive
rsa
d Co
ngress,
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praying time signal Architectur
que:
ogramme‐A
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o
n Des
ignin
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d Co
ngress,
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Fammiliarity inn
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os qu
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Prractice off
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Des
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(rescale) Architectur
ogramme‐A
, Work Pr
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ngress,
2011
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UIA
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Architectur
que:
ogramme‐A
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
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ignin
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d Co
ngress,
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g
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Khotib (preacher)
Architectur (preacher)
read his
que:
ogramme‐A note or
bring his
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o
pointer note/note
http://us.surabaya.detik.com
n Des
ignin
f Unive
rsa
d Co
ngress, note/note during his preach
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http://183.182.92.132/liputan-lebaran/v1284117609/hatta-menjadi-khotib
Fammiliarity inn
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igninng
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Prractice off
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(rescale) Architectur
ogramme‐A
, Work Pr
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ngress,
2011
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t
re fo
r All Universal Mosque Design here comes from how
accessibility standards and common language ofactivities in mosque make the mosque design
Architectur activities in mosque make the mosque design
familiar to the user and/or even universallydesign.
four design components namely accessibility
que:
ogramme‐A four design components namely accessibility
need, comprehensive circulation, praying timereminder, and khutbah (sermon) display are
l i i th f ili it
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o explaining the familiarity concept. Accessibility need presents basic standard for
accessibility element and measurement,
n Des
ignin
f Unive
rsa
d Co
ngress,
comprehensive circulation provides severalalternatives on using the architecture program, praying time reminder gives many people an
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p y g g y p pequal chance to receive information, and khutbah (sermon) display makes people equal in receivingthe content
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Architectur
que:
ogramme‐A
ng a
Mos
al
Des
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, Work Pr
o
n Des
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f Unive
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Thank you Thank you. Harry Kurniawan ST M Sc Harry Kurniawan, ST, M.Sc
Dept. of Architecture & Planning, University of Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta, Indonesia;and Center for Universal Design & ‘Diffabilities’ (CUDD)
Jl. Grafika 2 Yogyakarta 55281 INDONESIA E il l i2001@ h h @ id Email: [email protected]; [email protected]
, , g y
g g ,
e e e ermen e
re fo
r All
Goldsmith, Selwyn. 2000. ”Universal Design: A Manual of Practical Guidance for Architects”. The Architectural Press, London.
Harrison, James D. and Parker, Kenneth. ”Universal Design: Tertiary Education Architectur
and Promotion in Asia” in Christophersen, Jon [ed.]. 2002. ”Universal Design: 17 Ways of Thinking and Teaching”. The Norwegian State Housing Bank
Johnson, Margo., Duncan, Richard., Gabriel, Andrea. and Carter, Michael. 1999. ”Home Modification adn Products for Safety and Ease of Use” The Center for
que:
ogramme‐A ”Home Modification adn Products for Safety and Ease of Use”. The Center for
Universal Design, NC State University, Raleigh, NC Mace, Ronald. L., J. Hardie, Gramie and Place, Jaine P. ‐‐‐. ”Accessible
Environment: Toward Universal Design”. The Center for Universal Design, NC
ng a
Mos
al
Des
ign
, Work Pr
o
State University, Raleigh, NC Thomson, Neil., Dendy, Elizabeth., and de Deney, Diana. 1984. ”Sports and
Recreation Provision for Disabled People”. The Architectural Press, London. ”P raturan Menteri P k rjaan Umum (P PU) (Ministerial R gulation of
n Des
ignin
f Unive
rsa
d Co
ngress, ‐‐‐. Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum (Permen PU) (Ministerial Regulation of
Public Works) No.30/PRT/M/2006 Tentang Pedoman Teknis Fasilitas dan Aksesibilitas pada Bangunan Gedung dan Lingkungan”. Ministry of Public Works, Jakarta
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‐‐‐. 1997. “The Principles of Universal Design”. The Center for Universal Design, NC State University, Raleigh, NC (downloaded from http://www.design.ncsu.edu/ at May 30, 2010)
Official website of United Nation
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2 Official website of United Nation. http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/enable/disacc.htm (accessed at April 6, 2010)