ulearn spotlight 1
TRANSCRIPT
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Dr. Cable GreenDirector of Global Learning
[email protected]: @cgreen
Open Education: The Moral, Business &
Policy Case for OER
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Except where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
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1 US Dollar = 1.55 New Zealand Dollar
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$2731 $1,133
Tuition and Fees Books & Supplies
Cost of U.S. Community College
Source: College Board, Trends in Higher Education Report, 2011https://trends.collegeboard.org/sites/default/files/trends-2011-community-colleges-ed-enrollment-debt-brief.pdf
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Incredible Financial Pressure
Incredible Financial Pressure
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Source: Student PIRGs: http://www.studentpirgs.org/sites/student/files/reports/A-Cover-To-Cover-Solution_4.pdf
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Physics: Principles With Applications, 7th Edition by Douglas C. Giancoli
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DONE READING?
GOOD
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Nicole Allen, SPARC: CC BY
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65%of students decided against buying a
required textbook because of cost
US PIRG Report, 2014http://www.uspirg.org/reports/usp/fixing-broken-textbook-market
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50%of students said that cost of
textbooks impacted how many and which classes they took
US PIRG Report, 2014http://www.uspirg.org/reports/usp/fixing-broken-textbook-market
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82%of students felt they would do
significantly better in a course if textbook was available for free
US PIRG Report, 2014http://www.uspirg.org/reports/usp/fixing-broken-textbook-market
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How are 2/3 of students supposed to learn with
materials they can’t afford and are not buying?
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High textbook costs
Decrease student access Increase student drop rates
Decrease student success and learning
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Does it make any sense WA State and K-12 Districts together spend $130M/yearon textbooks and the results are:
• Books are (on average) 7-10 years out of date• Paper only / no digital versions.• Students can’t write / highlight in books• Students can’t keep books at end of year• All rights reserved… teachers can’t update• Parents often pay for lost paper books…
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http://k12oercollaborative.org
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Cost of “Copy”
For one 250 page textbook:
• Copy by hand - $1,000
• Copy by print on demand - $4.90
• Copy by computer - $0.00084
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Cost of “Distribute”
For one 250 page textbook:
• Distribute by mail - $5.20• $0 with print-on-demand (2000+ copies)
• Distribute by internet - $0.00072
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Handwriting Printing Press Internet
Copying a book
$1000s per copy
$1s per copy $0.0001s per copy
Distributing a book
$1000s per copy
$1s per copy $0.0001s per copy
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Copy and Distribute (and storage) are “Free”
This changes everything…
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InternetEnables
CopyrightForbids
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Open Educational Resources
Any kind of teaching materials – textbooks, syllabi, lesson plans,
videos, readings, exams
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Open Educational Resources
(1) Free and unfettered access, and(2) Free copyright permissions to
engage in the 5R activities
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open ≈ free
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free is assumed online
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open > free
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open = free + permissions
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• Make and own copiesRetain• Use in a wide range of
waysReuse• Adapt, modify, and
improveRevise• Combine two or moreRemix• Share with othersRedistribut
e
The 5Rs
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retain is fundamental
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retain is prerequisite
to revise and remix
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Open
1. Free and unfettered access
2. Perpetual, irrevocable 5R permissions
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“Faux-pen”
1. Free (possibly gated) access
2. All rights reserved (or stronger)
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Cost to Students
Permissions to Faculty and
Students
Commercial Textbooks Expensive Restrictive
Library Resources Free Restrictive
Open Educational Resources Free 5Rs
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Nonprofit organizationOpen copyright licenses
Founded in 2001Operates worldwide
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Step 1: Choose ConditionsAttribution
ShareAlike
NonCommercial
NoDerivatives
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Step 2: Receive a License
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most freedom
least freedomNot OER
OER
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Washington Community Colleges
English Composition I
• 62,000+ enrollments / year• x $128 textbook
• ≈ $8 Million every year
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opencourselibrary.org
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$32M saved in 2 years+ $25M in 2015-2016
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Received funding to provide faculty development on your campus:- The impacts of high textbook costs- Open textbooks as a solution- Stipends for faculty reviews of open
textbooks
The Open Textbook InitiativeUniversity of Minnesota
For more information: http://z.umn.edu/opentextbooks
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OER-based Degree
When elective and required courses adopt OER so a student can graduate without ever buying a textbook
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The Z-DegreeREMOVING TEXTBOOK COSTS AS A BARRIER TO STUDENT SUCCESS THROUGH AN OER-BASED CURRICULUM
Decreased cost to graduate by 25%
Increased pedagogical flexibility
Improved course completion rates
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Lumen Learning
$ Cut total spend on textbooks by 90%
Measurable increase (5-10%) in student success
Open licensingof all new content
Data-driven course updates
Smooth faculty transition to open content
Student access to materials from day 1
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OER Potential in U.S. Higher Education:Save Students: Billions / year
If every:
Open textbook saves $128 per course / student
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11 Peer Reviewed Studies: OER Outcomes vs. Traditional Textbooks
http://openedgroup.org/
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48,623 Students
http://openedgroup.org/
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93% Same or Better Outcomes
http://openedgroup.org/
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9 Peer Reviewed Studies of Perceptions of OER Quality
http://openedgroup.org/
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4,510 Professors and Students
http://openedgroup.org/
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50%Same35%
Better
15%Worse
http://openedgroup.org/
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“what does open allow me to do?”
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Disposable Assignments
Students hate doing themYou hate grading themHuge waste of time and energy
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Renewable Assignments
Students see value in doing themYou see value in grading themThe world is a better place at the end
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Publicly funded resources should be openly licensed resources.
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White House issues directive supporting public access to publicly funded research
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$2 billion: new academic programs @ 700+ Community Colleges
Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) requiredSkillsCommons.org
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California Community Colleges require Creative Commons Attribution for all
Chancellor’s Office Grants & Contracts
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letter: oerusa.org
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openpolicynetwork.org
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the opposite of open isn’t “closed”
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the opposite of open is “broken”
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Credits
● Open Policy Network slides – from Tim Vollmer @ Creative Commons
● Big idea Icon - from the Noun Project, Public Domain
● Blueprint Icon - by Dimitry Sokolov, from The Noun Project - CC BY
● Check List Icon - by fabrice dubuy, from The Noun Project - CC BY
● Hackathon - by Iconathon 2012 - CC0
● Question Icon - by Rémy Médard, from The Noun Project - CC BY