1. Ultrasound

2. What is Ultrasound? Device that uses high frequency sound waves Used to view tissues and organs Commonly used on pregnant women to view and identify problems with the baby

3. Advantages of Ultrasound Can be used to treat heart problems Is quick and painless Can identify lesions Can detect blood flow Gives pregnant women information about their child's growth Does not use radiation No known harms to people

4. Disadvantages of Ultrasound Is not available everywhere Not all insurance companies cover it Cant detect many cancers May not know if a mass is a malignant or not It is expensive Not 100 percent accurate

5. Parts of the Ultrasound Machine Transducer probe CPU computer that does the calculations and tells transducer to work Transducer pulse control controls settings for the probe Display Displays image Disk storage device (CD) stores image Printer

6. Transducer Probe Main part of the machine Must be in contact with skin Makes and receives sound waves and echoes Uses quartz crystal in the probe Quartz is a piezo electric crystal which will vibrate and create sound waves when receiving electrical current Quartz crystal also used to listen for ultrasound waves when waves return

7. Science behind Ultrasound and Process Is a medical imaging technique that uses high frequency sound waves and their echoes 1 5 megahertz sound pulses into your body Sound waves hit boundary or air between tissues then bounce back to probe CPU calculates distance from probe to boundary using speed of sound in tissue and echoes return to display and image

8. Ultrasound Examination Method Ultrasoundgrapher: Applies jelly like substance applied to skin to improve transmission of sound waves Uses jelly to eliminate air bubbles Covers probe with plastic cover Moves probe over skin to get images

9. Benefits to Society Detects disease before it progresses Doctors can pinpoint trouble spots and help people avoid life-threatening heart conditions Doctors can predict the developing of artery disease and offer early treatment

10. Political and Health Issues and Solutions Issues Solutions maternal-fetal medicine specialist performing ultrasound not able to give patient proper feedback Pre-natal diagnostic technique act has made it illegal to sell ultrasounds to unqualified people getting a picture of the fetus for entertainment reasons or determining the gender of the child Sellers must also provide details of ultrasound buyers to the government and every ultrasound machine must be registered Sonographers contact ergonomists (people who study efficiency in work related environments) to investigate the environment as well as work practices

11. Social Issues and Solutions Issues parents are now killing babies even before they are born due to their dislike of their gender advancements in technology is also causing imbalance in gender between developed and developing countries due to cultural ideals Solutions government creating laws to eliminate gender biases for long term Will result in improvement of quality of life of women and their child in developing countries

12. References How Ultrasound Works. (n.d.). How Ultrasound Works. Retrieved October 22, 2013, from http://www.physics.utoronto.ca/~jharlow/teaching/phy138_0708/lec04/ultrasoundx.htm Tests & Procedures About Ultrasound Procedures. (n.d.). Tests & Procedures. Retrieved October 22, 2013, from http://www.saskatoonhealthregion.ca/your_health/tp_ultrasound_about.htm Tilakaratna, P. (n.d.). How ultrasound imaging works . How ultrasound imaging works explained simply for anaesthetists. Anesthesia Equipment simplified and explained : For anaesthesiology FRCA physics, anaesthesia staff, nurse anesthetist CRNA, Anesthesiology Board : HowEquipmentWorks.com. Retrieved October 22, 2013, from http://www.howequipmentworks.com/physics/medical_imaging/ultrasound_imaging/ultrasound.html#generation Bashaw, S., RT., & RDMS. (n.d.). The Importance of Ultrasound in Pregnancy, Pullman Family Medicine. Pullman Family Medicine Pullman Washington hospital and healthcare.. Retrieved October 17, 2013, from http://www.pullmanfamilymed.com/ultrasound_pregnancy.htm Kmom. (n.d.). Prenatal Testing: Ultrasound Safety and Accuracy. Plus-Size Pregnancy Website Cover Page. Retrieved October 16, 2013, from http://www.plus-size-pregnancy.org/Prenatal%20Testing/prenataltest-ultrasoundsafety.htm Murphy, M. (n.d.). The Daily Planet.TheDailyPlanet. Retrieved October 16, 2013, from http://www.thedailyplanet.com/2008dailyplanet/story.php?title=3D+ultrasound+pose++ethical+dilemma Obstetric Ultrasound in the Developing World: An Advance in Prenatal and Maternal Health, or A Selection? Writing Program Boston University. (n.d.). Boston University. Retrieved October 17, 2013, from http://www.bu.edu/writingprogram/journal/past-issues/issue-3/de-bakker/ The Increasing Importance Of Ultrasound In Medicine -Universal Medical. (n.d.).Universal Medical Inc. Blog - Your one stop shop for everything medical. Retrieved October 18, 2013, from http://blog.universalmedicalinc.com/the-increasing-importance-of-ultrasound-in-medicine/ Tutorial 14 - Infection control and legal issues | ICU Sonography. (n.d.). ICU Sonography | Demystifying sonology in intensive care. Retrieved October 16, 2013, from http://www.criticalecho.com/content/tutorial-14-infection-control-and-legal-issues ultrasound, u., stroke, h. m., hypertension., example, w. a., disease, d. c., & cases, t. c. (n.d.). Public: Understanding Ultrasound and its Benefits. SDMS Home Page. Retrieved October 17, 2013, from http://www.sdms.org/public/soundmedicin Gregory, V. (n.d.). Musculoskeletal Injuries: An Occupational Health and Safety issue in Sonography.Soundergonomics. Retrieved October 17, 2013, from www.soundergonomics.com/pdf/mskarticle.pdf Macones, A. J., Lev-Toaff, A. S., Macones, G. A., Jaffe, J. W., & Williams, V. B. (1989, July 18). Legal Aspects of Obstetic Sonography. Legal Aspects of Obstetic Sonography. Retrieved October 17, 2013, from xa.yimg.com/kq/groups/.../name/Legal+aspects+of+obstetrics+USG.pdf Facilitator of Gender Chervenak, F., & Chervenak, J. (n.d.). Medicolegal Issues in Obstetric and Gynecologic Ultrasound. Jay Pee Journal. Retrieved October 17, 2013, from www.jaypeejournals.com/eJournals/ShowText.aspx?ID=2738&Type=FREE&TYP=TOP&IN=_eJournals/images/JPLOGO.gif&IID=216&isPDF=YES