uml: the unified modeling language excertos do livro: the unified modelling language user guide by...
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UML: The Unified Modeling Language
Excertos do livro:The Unified Modelling Language User Guide
by Grady Booch, James Rumbaugh and Ivar Jacobson
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Activity diagrams
– Activity diagrams are one of the models in the UML for modeling dynamic aspects of systems.
– An activity diagram is essentially a flowchart, showing the flow of control from activity to activity.
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Activity diagrams
● Terms and concepts:– Action/activity states
● Action states are atomic; activity states can be decomposed.
– Transitions– Branching– Forking and joining
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Activity diagrams
● Transitions:– When an activity completes, flow of control passes
immediately to the next action or activity state.
– You specify this flow by using transitions to show the path from one activity state to the next activity state. A transition is represented by a simple directed line.
– A flow of control has to start and end. The initial state is represented as a solid ball and the stop state as a solid ball inside a circle.
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Activity diagrams
● Branching:– A branch specifies alternate paths taken based on
some Boolean expression and is represented as a diamond.
– A branch has one incoming transition and two or more outgoing ones.
– On each outgoing transition, you place a Boolean expression (a guard), specifying on which condition that path is taken.
– Across all the outgoing transitions, guards should not overlap.
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Activity diagrams
● Forking and joining:– You might encounter flows that are concurrent. You
use a synchronization bar to specify the forking and joining of the parallel flows of control.
– A synchronization bar is rendered as a thick horizontal line.
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Activity diagrams
– A fork represents the splitting of a single flow of control into two or more concurrent flows of control.
– A fork has one incoming transition and two or more outgoing transitions, each of which represents an independent flow of control.
– Below the fork, the activities associated with each of these paths continues in parallel.
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Activity diagrams
– A join represents the synchronization of two or more concurrent flows of control.
– A join has two or more incoming transitions and one outgoing transition.
– Above the join, the activities associated with each of these paths continues in parallel.
– At the join, the concurrent flows synchronize,meaning that each waits until all incoming flows have reached the join, at which point one flow of control continues on below the join.
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Activity diagram: example 1
Apresentar pedido requisição
Apresentar identificação
Registar identidade Registar livro
Assinar requisição
Entregar livro
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Activity diagram: example 2
Apresenta pedido requisição
Apresentaridentificação
Registar identidade Registar livro
Assinar requisição
Entregar livro
Pagar dívidas
[tem dívidas]
[não tem dívidas]
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