unaids sin chap 1 - un cares | the un system-wide … · 2008-05-02 · iii kdu uq,a wl=re iv...

wm /l n,d.kak' wm ms<s.kak'

wms ish¨ fokdu ñksiaiq fjuq'

wms idudkH wh fjuq'

wmg w;a ;sfí'

wmg md ;sfí'

wmg weúosh yelsh' wmg l:d l< yelsh'

yefudagu fuka wmg;a Wjukd-tmdlï ;sfí'

wm .ek ìh fkdjkak'

wms iefjdu iudk fjuq'

--wNdjm%dma; tkafldais fcdkaika taâia l%shdldrlï j, fhÿkq fodf,dia yeúrsos ol=Kq wm%sldkq orefjla

^v¾nkays mej;s oy;=kajk taâia cd;Hka;r iïfï,kfha iudrïNl Wf<f,a oS

Tyq úiska mj;ajk ,o foaYkfhks&

Ôj;aùutÉwhsù iy taâia iys; f,dalhl

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a wdh;k moaO;sfha fiajd kshqla;hkag

iy Tjqkaf.a mjq,aj, whg iemfhk f;dr;=re

iii kdu uq,a wl=re

iv fmrjok

1 m%fõYh

2 mßÉfþoh 1 oekqj;ajkaktÉwhsù iy taâia .ek f;dr;=re oek.kak

16 mßÉfþoh 2 Tnf.a wdrlaIdj i,id .kakfi!LHhg ys;e;s ;SrKj,g t<fUkak

32 mßÉfþoh 3 Ôj;ajkaktÉwhsù iuÕ w¾:j;aj cSj;a jkak

44 mßÉfþoh 4Ôj;ajkakg bv fokakwdrlaIs;" idOdrK iy ffu;%SmQ¾jl fiajd ia:dkhla iliajk ;ekg iydh jkak'

51 igyka

53 Wm .%ka:h 1tlai;a cd;Skaf.a tÉwhsù$taâia mqoa., m%;sm;a;sh

56 Wm .%ka:h 2cd;Hka;r lïlre ixúOdkfha jD;a;Sh kS;s moaO;sfham%Odk uQ,O¾uhkaf.a idrdxYh

mgqk

ACTION Access, Care, Treatment and Inter-Organizational Needs (a project of the UN-system medical services)

welaIka fhduqùu" /ln,d .ekSu iy wka;¾-ixúOdk wjYH;d

^fuh tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ffjoH fiajdj,g wh;a jHdmD;shls'&

AIDS Acquired immunodeficiency syndrometaâia k;=fldg.;a m%;sYla;s W!K;d iy,laIKh

ART Antiretroviral therapywdÜ ffjri úfrdaë Ñls;aidj

HIV Human immunodeficiency virustÉwhsù udkj m%;sYla;s W!K;d ffjrih

HPV Human papillomavirustÉmSù udkj bkakka fnda lrk ffjrih

ILO The International Labour Organizationwhst,a´ cd;Hka;r lïlre ixúOdkh

MDG Millennium Development GoaltïãcS iyY%l ixj¾Ok wruqK

PEP Post-exposure prophylaxismSBmS wkdjrKhùfuka miq ksjdrKh

STI Sexually transmitted infectiontiaàwhs ,sx.slj fndajk wdidOk

TB Tuberculosisàî laIh frda.h

UNAIDS The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDShQtkataâia tÉwhsù$taâia ms<sn| tlai;a cd;Skaf.a taldnoaO jevms<sfj,

UNDP The United Nations Development ProgrammehQtkaãmS tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixj¾Ok jev ms<sfj,

UNESCO The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organizationhqfkiaflda tlai;a cd;Skaf.a wOHdmk" úoHd;aul iy ixialD;sl ixúOdkh

UNFPA The United Nations Population FundhQtkat*amSta tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ck.yK wruqo,

UNICEF The United Nations Children’s Fundhqksfi*a tlai;a cd;Skaf.a <ud wruqo,

UNODC The United Nations Office on Drugs and CrimehQtka´ãiS tlai;a cd;Skaf.a u;aøjH yd wmrdO ms<sn| ld¾hdxYh

WFP The World Food Programmeví,sõt*amS f,dal wdydr jevms<sfj,

WHO The World Health Organizationví,sõtÉ´ f,dal fi!LH ixúOdkh

kdu uq,a wl=re

taâia frda.h wmf.a ld,fha m%n,;u c.;a wNsfhda.hkaf.ka tlls' ;=kafldaá wiq,laIhlg wêl ixLHdjla tÉwhsù ^udkj m%;sYla;s W!K;d ffjrih& iys;jfjfi;s' ;j;a oY ,laI ixLHdjla" j¾Ihla mdid wdidOkhg ,lafj;s' oYl .Kklauq¿,af,a ,nd.kakd ,o ixj¾Ok m%;s,dN fï jix.;h ksid ke;sù hkafkah' bkaf.or-fodrg fõokd meñfKa' wd¾:sl ixj¾Ok fõ.h wvq flf¾' w.h l< fkdfykudkj l=Y,;d iy ks¾udKYS,S;ajh foaYhkaf.ka meyer .kq ,efí'

tfy;a" n,dfmdfrd;a;=j i|yd fya;= we;af;ah' tÉwhsù wdidOkh je<elaúhyelsh' w;sYh m%;sM,odhS m%;sldr i|yd oeka fí;a-fya;a ,o yelsfõ'

taâia frda.hg m%;sM,odhS f,i Tfrd;a;= oS isàug wjYH w¾:j;a l%fudamdhhkal%shdfõ fhdojkakg ta ta foaYhg WmldrSùu" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfhafiajdjkaf.ka uQ,sl wxYhls' tÉwhsù" wmf.a ld¾hhka flf¾ n,mdkafka muKlafkdfõ' th wm jev lrk ia:dkj,g;a n,mdkafkah' wmf.a i.hkaf.ka fndfyda fokdtÉwhsù iys;j cSj;a fj;s' fkdtfiakï" Tjqkaf.a mjq,aj, idudcslfhda tfia fjfi;s'fiiq wksla ish¨u frda.j,oS fukau" Tjqkago by< uÜgfï fi!LH wdrlaIdj ,eìhhq;=fõ' tfiau Tjqkag WmldrSjk fiajd ia:dk ;sìh hq;=h' tfukau" tÉwhsù j<lajd.kakd wdldrh .ek wmf.a i.hka ish¨ fokdgu f;dr;=re ,eìh hq;=fõ' bkawefÕkafka tÉwhsù wdY%s; fy,d oelSï yd fldka lsrSï ke;slr,sh hq;= njhs' tÉwhsùfndaùu .ek újD;j l;dny l< hq;= fjhs'

fï woyi imqrd .kakg wm úiska flfrkafka l=ulaoehs fï fmd;a msxfpka úia;rflfrhs' idOdrKjQ;a" wdrlaIs;jQ;a" ffu;%SmQ¾jljQ;a" fiajd ia:dkhla ks¾udKh lsrSugwm i;= lemùu" ñka ;j ;j;a ;yjqre fõ'

tÉwhsù hkq urKSh oKavkh kshu lsrSula fkdfõ' tfy;a" tÉwhsù iy taâia .ekksy~j isàu kï tjekakla úh yelsh' ta ksid wms tÉwhsù iy taâia .ek l;d-nylruq' fuh" uq¿ uy;a tlai;a cd;Skaf.a mjq,gu m%uqL wjYH;djls' wm jevlrk;ekaj,g muKla fkdj wmf.a cSú;j,g;a th tfiauh'

fld*s ta' wkdka

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a uy f,alï

fmrjok

m%fõYh

1

oekqu n,iïmkak úh yelsh' ulaksido h;a th idOdrK jQ" wdrlaIs; jQ tfukauffu;%SmQ¾jl jQ fiajd ia:dkhla i|yd lemùula fyhsks' tÉwhsù iy taâia we;=¿"jevlrk ia:dkj,g n,mE yels ish¨ foa .eku i¾j iïmQ¾K wjfndaOhla ,ndoSugtlai;a cd;Skaf.a wdh;k moaO;shg wjYH ù ;sfí' tÉwhsù iy taâia ms<sn|j tlai;acd;Skaf.a wdh;k moaO;sfhys m%;sm;a;s ms<sn| oek.ekSug ;sfnk whs;sh ish¨ukshqla;hkag úysfoa' tÉwhsù wdidOkh we;s ke;s yeufokdgu fuh fmdÿh'

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a jevlrk ia:dk ms<sn| jevigyka j,g ud¾f.damfoaY imhklD;sj,ska folla kï" tÉwhsù$taâia ms<sn|j tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha msrsiam%;sm;a;sh;a" cd;Hka;r lïlre ixúOdkfha tÉwhsù$taâia ms<sn|j l%shdlsrSfï wdpdrO¾u moaO;sh iy jevlrk f,dalh kï lD;sh;ah' jevlrk ia:dk ms<sn| tÉwhsù wdY%s;m%;sm;a;s Wfoid cd;Hka;r jYfhka ms<s.efkk iïuq;sh jkafka cd;Hka;r lïlreixúOdkfha ^whst,a´& wdpdr O¾u moaO;shhs' fï fmd;a msxfpys m<uqjk Wm .%ka:h kï"tÉwhsù$taâia ms<sn|j tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha msrsia m%;sm;a;shhs' wka;¾cd;sllïlre ixúOdkfha wdpdr O¾u moaO;sfha uQ,sl m%;sm;a;s oyfha idrdxYhla fojk Wm.%ka:fhys i|yka fjhs'

1987 oS tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh" tajdg Tfrd;a;= fokakg mgka.;a ;eka mgkau wmstÉwhsù$taâia .ek fndfyda foa Wf.k f.k isákafkuq' ta ld,fha oS m%Odk m%Yaklsysmhlg ms<s;=re iemhqfka ke;' wdidOkh je<elaùfï fyd|u l%u ljf¾o@ taâiaj,gljrdldrfhl fyda m%;sldr l< yelso@ jevlrk ia:dkfhaoS tÉwhsù .ek l%shdl< yelsfyd|u l%uh l=ulao@ fï m%Yakj,g;a tÉwhsù iy taâia ms<sn| ;j;a m%Odk m%Yakfndfyduhlg;a wo wmg meyeos,s ms<s;=re we;af;ah'

tÉwhsù$taâia ms<sn|j wm úiska iy mjq,aj, wh úiskq;a oek.; hq;= f;dr;=re fïfmd;a msxfpka iïmdokh fõ' th iliafldg ;sfnkafka fjfiiskau fï my; oelafjkfoaj,oS wmg WmldrSjkq msKsihs'

• tÉwhsù$taâia ms<sn| uQ,sl lreKq oek.kak'

• tÉwhsù wdidOkfhka wm iy wmf.a mjq,aj, wh;a wdrlaId lrkak'

• tÉwhsù iys;j w¾:j;a cSú;hla .; lrkak' tfukau

• tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh iykodhS" iukd;au;djdoS tfiau ffu;%SmQ¾jljQ;ajevlrk ia:dkhla njg m;alsrSu i|yd l%shdlrñka cSj;ajkakg bv fokak'

1mßÉfþoh

oekqj;ajkaktÉwhsù iy taâia .ek f;dr;=re oek.kak

• tÉwhsù hkq isref¾ m%;sYla;slrK moaO;sh úkdY lrk ffjrihls'

• tÉwhsù tla wfhl=f.ka ;j;a wfhl=g fndaúh yelsh'

• tÉwhsù fndaùu je<elaúh yelsh'

• tÉwhsù wdidOkhg ms<shï ke;' tfy;a" ñksiqkag tÉwhsù iys;jwjqreÿ fndfyda .Kkla cSj;ajkakg WmldrSjk fí;a-fya;a we;af;ah'

• wmf.a Y%u msfhi" tÉwhsù iys;j fjfik whg idOdrK f,ig iyffu;%SmQ¾jl f,ig;a i<lk ia:dkhla jk njg iy;sl jkakgtlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh lemù isáhs'

• taâia iys; f,dalhl fjfikq msKsi iy jevlrkq msKsi wmg wjYHjk f;dr;=re iy iydh wmg imhkakg tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkhlemù isà'

• tÉwhsù iy taâia ms<sn|j wm ish¨fokdgu whs;Ska iy j.lSulawe;af;ah'

3

wms fïjd okafkuq(

4

tÉwhsù hkq l=ulao@udkj m%;sYla;s W!K;d ffjrih" fkdtfiakï tÉwhsù" ñksia isrefrysm%;sYla;s moaO;shg myr fohs' f,v-frda.j,g Tfrd;a;= fokakg isrer i;=wdrlaIl l%u rgdj ÿn, lsrSfuka cSú; ydkshg mjd ;=vq fok wdidOkhkgiy ms<sldj,g isrer f.dÿre lrkafkah' tÉwhsù fndafjhs' ñka wefÕkafka thtla wfhl=f.ka wksfll=g je<|sh yels njhs'

tÉwhsù fndafjkafka flfiao@wm iy wmf.a mjqf,a wh;a" tÉwhsù ffjrihg f.dÿre úh yelafla my;oelafjk ;=ka wdldrfhks'

• wkdrlaIs; ,sx.sl in|;d uQ,sl jYfhka fuh isÿjkafka wdidê; ,sx.sliylrefjl= iuÕ wkdrlaIs;j fhdaks fyda wfOda ud¾.Sh ixi¾.fhks' f,djmqrdu" tÉwhsù fndaùfï m%Odk l%uh ,sx.sl ixi¾.hhs' uqL ixi¾.fhkatÉwhsù fndaùfï wjodku" fhdaks fyda wfOda ud¾.Sh ixi¾.fhka isÿjkfndaùï j,g jvd wvqh' ia;%Skag mqreIhkaf.ka tÉwhsù fndaùu" mqreIhkagia;%Skaf.ka fndajkjdg jvd jeäh' ia;%Ska w;=frka jeählau wjodkï;;a;ajhg uQK mdkafka kj fhdjqka nd,sldjka iy ;reK ldka;dfjdahs'Tjqka tÉwhsù we;=¿ ,sx.slj fndajk wdidOkhkag f.dÿre jqjfyd;aTjqkaf.a jeãf.k tk m%ckk moaO;sh ksid Tjqka wdidOkhg ,laùfïwjodku wêlh'

• wdidê; reêrhg f.dÿreùu tÉwhsù fndaùfï b;du l%shdldrS l%uh kïtÉwhsù wdidê; reêrh" isref¾ reêr m%jdyhg tlaùuhs' fjfiiskaumdrú,kfha oS wdidê; reêrh" isref¾ f,aj,g tlaùuhs' oekg reêrfhkareêrhg fndaùu nyq, jYfhka isÿjkafka tkak;a j,oS;a" u;aøjH Ndú;fhaoS;a" úI iys; tkak;a WmlrK m%fhdackhg .ekSfï m%;sM,hla jYfhkq;ah'fi!LHdrlaIl ia:dkhkaysoS úIîcdkqyrKh fkdlrk ,o tkak;a lgq iyfiiq ffjoH WmlrK Ndú;h ksid o tÉwhsù fndaúh yelshs' tlai;acd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha wm" fï l%ufhka wdidê; jkakg bvla ke;'ulaksido h;a" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh wdY%s; ffjoH fiajdjka úiska"wjYH ish¨u wdrlaIs; l%u l%shdfõ fhdojk fyhsks' tfukau" tysoS w¨;a"úIîcdkqyrKh lrk ,o WmlrK Ndú; fõ' tfy;a" fiiq wka ;ekaj,oS,efnk f,a .ek;a" tkak;a WmlrK .ek;a tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkhgiy;sl jkakg ners ksid" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska wkqu; lrk,o ffjoH myiqlï j,ska neyer ia:dkj, ixpdrfha fhoSfïoS úfYaIfhkamfriaiï úh hq;=hs' fjk wfhl=f.a reêrhg iDcqju f.dÿreùu j<lajd.ekSu yeuúgu yeu w;skau fyd|hs' fuh tÉwhsù j<lajd .kakd msKsimuKla fkdj fymghsáia ^fix.ud,h& iy f,a uÕska je<f|k fiiq frda.j<lajd .ekSug o fyd| l%uhls'

• wdidê; ujlf.ka wehf.a orejdg tÉwhsù fndaùu .¾NkS wjia:dfõoSfyda m%iQ;s wjia:dfõoS fyda uõlsrs fmùfïoS fyda fuh isÿúh yelsh'

tÉwhsù fndajkafka ta l%uj,ska muKla nj Tng iy;slo@Tõ' tÉwhsù$taâia udkj b;sydih uq¨,af,au" b;du fyd|ska b;du ;shqKq f,iwOHhkh lrk ,o frda.hhs' my; oelafjk tla l%uhlskaj;a Tn wdidê;fkdjk njg m%n, idOl we;af;ah'

• w;g w; oSu" je<|.ekSu" ism .ekSï

• leiai fyda lsúiqu

• fmdÿ ia:dkj, ;sfnk ÿrl:k Ndú;h

flfkl=f.ka;j flfkl=gtÉwhsù fndaúh

yelsh'

tÉwhsù iy taâia iys; f,dalhl Ôj;aùu

5

oekqj;ajkak( tÉwhsù iy taâia .ek w;HdjYH lreKq oek.kak

• wdfrda.HYd,dj,g hEu

• fodrj,a werSu

• wdydr" lk-fndk WmlrK fnodyod .ekSu

• j;=r fndk c, k, Ndú;h

• jeisls<s fyda kdk mhsmam Ndú;h

• fmdÿ ia:dkj, ;sfnk c, ;gdl Ndú;h

• uÿrejka úiska fyda fiiq lDóka úiska oIag lsrSu

• ksYaph jYfhkau tÉwhsù wdidê; mqoa.,hka yd iuÕ tlg /lshdfjys

kshqla;ùu" iqyoj yeisrSu fyda iómj Ôj;aùu'

ud úiska wdidOkh j<lajd.; yelafla flfiao@tÉwhsù wdidOkh iyuq,skau j<lajd.; yelsh' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a wdh;kmoaO;sfha kshqla;hka yeáhg" tÉwhsù j<lajd .kakd l%u ms<sn| f;dr;=re,nd.kakg;a" fldkavï ,nd.kakg;a tfukau" jvd;a m%n, WmfoaYk foig fhduqlrkq ,nkakg;a" wmg whs;shla we;af;ah' wdidOkhg f.dÿreúh yels m%Odk l%u;=fkka je<lS isáh yels wdldrh .ek ;j;a iúia;r igyka" ;udu wdrlaId jkakkï jQ ó<Õ mßÉfþofhka Tng oek.; yels fjhs' tfukau tÉwhsù j<lajd.;yels l%u ms<sn| f;dr;=re jevlrk ia:dkfhaoSu ,nd.kakd wdldrh o thskaoek.; yelsh'

tÉwhsùwdidOkhiyuq,skauj<lajd,sh

yel'

tÉwhsù wdidOkh isÿjQ úg isrerg l=ula fõo@

isrefrys m%;sYla;sldrl moaO;sfhys fldgila jk ffi," tÉwhsù úiska wdidOkhg ,laflf¾' ffjrih úiska ffi, wêl ixLHdjla wdidOkhg ,la l< l,ays" f,v-frda.j,skawdrlaIdjkakg m%;sYla;sldrl moaO;sh i;= Yla;sh ySk fõ'

kshu jYfhkau ffi,hla wdidê; ;;ajhg m;alrkq msKsi tÉwhsù úiska ffjrifhacdk wxY=" ukqIH ffi,h ;=<g we;=¿ l< hq;=fõ' fï l%shdoduh wdrïN jkafka" ffjrihukqIH ffi,hg iïnkaO ù ffi,h ;=<g we;=¨ùfukq;a" bkamiqj ffjrih ish isúh bj;afldg" ffjri cdk" udkqIsl cdk yd iuÕ taldnoaO lsrSfukq;ah' ukqIH ffi,h n,fhkaw,a,df.k" ffjri ldrl wxY= ksIamdokh flfrhs' fï uÕska ffjrifha msgm;a ;efkhs'wkql%ufhka ta zmsgm;aZ tl;= fjhs' miqj tfia ;ekqk ffjri" ukqIH ffi,h úof.k bkaneyerg wjq;a" wdidOkhg ,la l< yels ;j;a ukqIH ffi, fidhd hkafkah' ;uka úiskawdidOkhg ,la flfrk ukqIH ffi," ffjrih úiska urkq ,efí' tfiau" mfil isákwdidê; fkdjQ ukqIH ffi,o" jhsrih úiska zurkqZ ,efí' ;ukaf.a msgm;a ;kd,Sfïld¾hh ksudjk ;dla" ukqIH ffi,h ksremøs;j mj;akd ;ekg ffjrih j. n,d.kS' Bg;ajvd ydksodhl lreK kï" tÉwhsù úiska ia:djr ksfødam.; ffjri j¾. ;kd,Suhs' fïjdwdidOkh m;=rejd,k .nvd fj;s' wo mj;akd fí;a j¾. j,g ta ffjrij,g lsÜgq úhfkdyelsh' taâia frda.h iïmQ¾Kfhkau uq,skqmqgd,Su;a" taâia frda.hg m%;sl¾uhla imhd.ekSu;a wNsfhda.hla njg m;aù ;sfnkafka" fï z.nvdZ ksidh'

tÉwhsù wdidOkh yg.;a yeáfhau" isref¾ m%;sYla;sldrl moaO;sh úiska" iqúfYaISkdYl ffi, Ndú; lrñka" ffjrihg úfrdaë m%ydrhla t,a, lrkq ,efí' m%;sfoay kue;soshjk iq¿ fm%daàka j¾.hla o ta igfkaoS Wmfhda.S lr.kq ,efí' fï m%ydrhfya;=fldgf.k" reêrfhys wka;¾.; ffjri ixLHdj ;djld,slj wvq flf¾' tfia jqjo"tÉwhsù" l%shdldrSj mj;S' tfia mj;sñka" ukqIH m%;sYla;s moaO;sfha m%n, ffi, os.guwdidOkhg ,la flf¾' l,ahEfïoS ffjrifha l%shdldrs;ajh m%n, f,i wêl fjhs'wkql%ufhka" f,v frda.j,g Tfrd;a;= oS isàug isrer i;= Yla;sh iyuq,skau k;=fldg .kS'

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a wdh;k moaO;sfha fiajd kshqla;hkag iy Tjqkaf.a mjq,aj, whg iemfhk f;dr;=re


6

taâia hkq l=ulao@

m%;sldr fkdfldg" tÉwhsù ffjrihg ;sfnkakgyershfyd;a" wksjd¾fhkau mdfya m%;sYla;s moaO;shÿ¾j, fjhs' fï ksid" isrer" cSú;hg ;¾ck muqKqjkfrda.hlg fyda frda.j,g f.dÿre fõ' tjeks frda.fi!LH iïmkak mqoa.,hkag idudkHfhka fkdje<f|a'tÉwhsù ms<sn| fï wjia:dj taâia hehs kï flf¾' taâiahkq k;=fldg.;a m%;sYla;s W!K;d iy,laIKhhs'm%;sYla;s moaO;shg ydks isÿjQ ;rug" wosisfha yg.kakdwdidOk ksid urKhg m;aùfï wjodku jeäfõ'

1980fõ oYlfha uq,a Nd.fhaoS úfYaI{hka" taâia hkku iïu; fldg .;af;a m%;sYla;s moaO;sh n,j;a f,ihgm;a lrk" fï w¨;ska fidhd.;a iy,laIKhy÷kajkq msKsihs' ta tÉwhsù fidhd.kakg fmroSh' wotaâia y÷kdf.k ;sfnkafka tÉwhsù wdidOkfha iyfrda.fha wLKav l%shdoduhl wjidk wjia:dj jYfhks'

m%;sldr fkd,o úg" tÉwhsù ffjrih" taâia ;;ajhgjefvkakg idudkHfhka wjqreÿ wg;a oyh;a w;rld,hla .;fõ' tfy;a" uq,a wdidOkh;a" frda. ,laIKmy<ùu;a w;r ld,h fjkia fõ' reêr mdrú,hkhksid iy <ud frda.S nj ksid;a wdidOkhg m;ajk whgfrda.h je<f|kakg .;jk ld,h wvqh' tÉwhsùwdidOkfha iajdNdúl b;sydih fjkia lrk idOl kïflfrkafka frda.fha bosrsuÕ ms<sn| ziy-idOlZjYfhks' tjeks iy-idOl úh yels lreKqmrSlaIdfldg n,d we;af;ah' cdk idOl" jhi" ia;%S-mqreINdjh" wdidOkh yg.;a ud¾.h" ÿïmdkh" fmdaIK;;ajh iy fiiq fndajk frda.;a" ta iy-idOl w;rfj;s' ;rulg jhia.;jQ miqj tÉwhsù wdidOkhisÿjQfha kï frda.h jvd;a blauKska jefvk njg" m%n,idOl we;af;ah'

tÉwhsù jefvk wdldrh

uq,ska" tÉwhsùwe;eï ffi,

wdidOkh flf¾'

;j;a ffjri ;kkakgffjrih úiska udkjffi, Ndú; flf¾'

miqj ffjrih úiska taffjrihg kjd;eka ÿkaffi,h;a" ta wjg ffi,;a

urd oukq ,efí'

isref¾ m%;sYla;smoaO;sh ffjrihg

myr fohs'

ffjri ixLHdj jeäùm%;sYla;s moaO;sh hgm;a

fldg .kS'

m%;sYla;s moaO;sfhawdrlaIdj ke;sjQúg

w;sf¾l wdidOk yg.kS'

➥➥

➥➥

➥

hful=g tÉwhsù we;ehs ug lsjyelafla flfiao@tfia lsj fkdyelsh' f,djmqrd tÉwhsù iys; whf.ka fndfyda fofkl= ;=< ;du taâiajeã fkdue;' tÉwhsù wdidOkhg f.dÿre jQ whf.ka iq¿ m%udKhlg wdidOkfha uq,ald,fhaoS frda. ,laIK my< fõ' tfy;a" ;j;a iuyre wdidê; ù wjqreÿ 15la fyda Bgwêl ld,hla .;jk f;lau" frda. ,laIK rys;j fjfi;s' tÉwhsù iys; fndfydafokd frda.SjQjka fia fmfkkafka ke;sksid" Tjqka foi ne,Sfuka fyda Tyq fyda weh iuÕl;d-ny lsrSfuka fyda Tjqka ;=< ffjrih we;ehs lSu wmyiqh' tÉwhsù iys; whf.afmkqu iy yeisrSu" tÉwhsù ke;s whf.a fmkqug iy yeisrSug u iudkh'

tÉwhsù iys;whf.a fmkquiy yeisrSu

tÉwhsùwdidOkh ke;swhf.a fmkqugyd yeisrSug

iudkh'

7


tÉwhsù wdidOkh yeuúgu udrdka;slo@tfia fkdfõ' m%;sldr fkd,o fyd;a tÉwhsù" wksjd¾hfhkau taâia njg m;afõ' taâia wksjd¾hfhkau urKhg mdr lmhs' tÉwhsù jeãfï fõ.h wvq lrk m%;sldr oeka we;af;ah' tÉwhsù wdidê; whg tjeks m%;sldr uÕska" fi!LH iïmkak f,i;a w¾:j;a f,i;a os.=l,la cSj;ajkakg bv ie,fia'

tÉwhsù$taâia i|yd we;s m%;sldr ljf¾o@tÉwhsù wdidOkhg m%;sldr lrkakg úúO fí;a j¾. we;af;ah' ffjrih m%;sckkhlrkakg wkq.ukh lrk l%shdodufha úúO me;sj,g fï m%;sldr uÕska myr fokq,efí' hïlsis tla fí;lg Tfrd;a;= oS isàug tÉwhsù ffjrih b;d blauKska yev.efia' ta ksid" tÉwhsù" Wmrsu uÜgfuka hgm;a lrkakg kï" frda.Ska úiska fí;aj¾. /ila .;hq;= fõ'

tÉwhsù ffjrihg úfrdaë taldnoaO Ñls;ail l%uh kï flfrkafka ffjrim%;súfrdaë (antiretrovital) Ñls;aidj jYfhks' fkdtfiakï wdÜ (ART) jYfhks' fïzwdÜZ m%;sldrh úiska tÉwhsù wdidOkfha idudkH j¾Ok ud¾.h fjkia lrñka" uq,skawdidOkh isÿùu;a" frda. ,laIK my<ùu;a w;r ld,h fndfyda fia mq¿,a lrkq ,efí'fï m%;sM,h ,nd .kakg kï" taâia frda. ,laIK my<jkakg fmr Ñls;aidj ^m%;sldr&wdrïN lsrSu jeo.;ah' tfia jqjo" taâia wdidê;hehs ks¾Kh lsrSfuka miqj fïm%;sldrh wdrïN lrk frda.Skg mjd fndfyda úg" m%n, jQ;a os.=l,a mj;akdjQ;a hym;afi!LH m%;sM, ,nd.; yelsù we;af;ah' tÉwhsù wdY%s; frda.j, j¾Ok fõ.h wvqlrkakg fï m%;sldr l%uh m%;sM,odhS jqjo" zwdÜZ Ñls;aid l%uh mQ¾K m%;sldrhlafkdfõ'

tÉwhsù wdidOkhg m%;sldr lsrSug w;sf¾l jYfhka" tÉwhsù wdY%s;j jrskajryg.kakd wdidOkhka j<lajkakg fyda tajdg m%;sldr lrkakg fyda wo Ñls;ail l%uwe;af;ah'

wm fï jhsrihg f.dÿre jqjfyd;a" tlai;acd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha kshqla;hkayeáhg" tÉwhsù wdY%s; frda.j,g m%;sldr ,eîu we;=¿j" ksis ffjoH myiqlï,nkakg wmg whs;shla we;af;ah' ^tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixrlaIK l%uhg we;=<;ajkwmf.a mjq,aj, whg;a fï whs;sh we;af;ah'& tÉwhsù iys;j fjfik whg ishfi!LHh /l.; yels wdldrh ms<sn| ;j;a iúia;r f;dr;=re fï fmdf;a zcSj;ajkakZhk ud;Dldj iys; f;jk mßÉfþofhka iïmdokh flf¾'

ffjri m%;súfrdaë Ñls;aidj n,mdk wdldrh

W!K ixj¾ê; rdcHhkays fukau" ld¾ñl rdcHhkays;a"tÉwhsù yd iuÕ fjfik whf.a fi!LHh iy hym;a cSjk;;a;ajh" zwdÜZ Ñls;aidj úiska ie<lsh hq;= uÜgulska oshqKqflfrkafkah' 1997;a 2002;a w;r ld,fhaoS n%iS,fha tla,laIúismkaoyila muK fokd zwdÜZ m%;sldrh ,enQy' fï m%;sldrh,enQfka ke;akï isÿúh yelsj ;snqKq urK 90"000la muK fïzwdÜZ m%;sldrh ,nd oSu ksid fírd.; yelsjQ nj ks,OdrSkaúiska .Kka n,d we;af;ah' 1990fõ oYlfha ueo Nd.fha isg"zwdÜZ Ñls;aidj mD:q, f,i iïmdokh jQ wefursld tlai;ackmo rdcHfhys" 1995;a 2002;a w;r ld,fhaoS taâia urKixLHdj iShg 66lska wvqqjqfKah'

tÉwhsù wdidOk

fõ.h wvq lrñka

ffjrifhka

wdidê;jQjkag

fi!LH iïmkakj"

l%shdYS,Sj wjqreÿ

fndfyda .Kkla

cSj;ajkakg

bvfok m%;sldr

l%u we;af;ah'


8

uf.a isref¾ tÉwhsù ffjrih ;sfíhehs ud oek.kafka flfiao@ mrSlaIKhg Ndckhùfuks' ffjrihg uq,ska f.dÿre ù osk iy i;s lSmhla we;=<;"ksrSlaIKh l< yels wdldrhg tÉwhsù m%;sfoay my< jkafkah' iq¿ mrSlaKhlskafïjd y÷kd.; yel' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha kshqla;fhl= yeáhg Tng fïmrSlaIKh ,nd.; yel' Tnf.a mjqf,a whg;a th ,o yelsh' oekg ;sfnk mrSlaIKl%u uÕska" wdidOk iShg 99'9lau fidhd.; yelshs' wdidOkhg Ndckù i;s ;=kloSfyda y;rloS m%;sfoay fidhd.; yelsfõ' uE;loS isÿjQ wdidOk wiq fkdjk fï zld,mrdihZ wvq fldg .; yelafla ffjri wxY= fiùfuks' m%;sfoay ;kk wekaáfckamrSlaIK fï i|yd Ndú; l< yelshs' tfiau ffjrih ks¾udKh lrk wxY= ms<sn|mrSlaIK uÕskao fuh l< yelsfõ' ^fïjd ffjrifha kHIaál cdk mrSlaId lsrSfïl%uhs'& wdidê;hehs ia:sr jQ mrSlaIK idudkH jYfhka kej;;a flfrkafkah' fuhlrkq ,nkafka úoHd.drfhaoS isÿúh yels jeroSï j<lajkq msKsih' tÉwhsù m%;sfoaymrSlaIKhg" b;d uE;loS isÿjQ wdidOk wiqúh fkdyels ksid" uq,ska wdidê; ke;ehsfmkakqï l< mrSlaIKhlska udi ;=k;a yh;a w;r ld, mßÉfþohloS" kej;m%;sfoay mrSlaIKhla meje;aúh hq;=hehs fhdackd l< hq;=fõ' tfia l< hq;= jkafkaisÿúh yels wdidOkh b;d uE;loS yg.;a;la jqjfyd;sks'

ud fjfik" ud /lSrlaIdfõ kshq;= m%foaYfhys tÉwhsù ne?reïm%Yakhlao@Tõ' tÉwhsù$taâia wo f,dj mqrd mj;S' f,dalfha wdidOkhkaf.ka isÿjk jeäuurK ixLHdjg fya;=j fuhhs' idudkHfhka i,lk l,ays iyrdjg wdikak wm%sldfõurKj,g fya;= ldrl jk m%Odk idOlh taâiah'

fï jix.;fha m%n,;u myr ,oafoa iyrdjg ol=Kq wm%sldjhs'bkamiq lerSìhdkq m%foaYhhs' 2003fka wjidkh jkúg"

kef.kysr hqfrdamfha;a uOHu wdishdfõ;a tÉwhsù b;duYS>% fõ.fhka me;sfrñka ;snqfKah' fï jix.;h

wdishdfõ;a mD:q, f,i me;sfrhs' wdishdfõ fndfydargj, tÉwhsù$taâia iys;j fjfik ck.yKm%;sY;h ;du;a ixikaokd;aulj wvq kuq;a"wdishdfõ fndfyda rgj, ck.yKh b;d wêl ksidwdidê; mqoa.,hkaf.a ixLHdj b;d úYd,h' ueofmros. iy W;=re wm%sldfõ tÉwhsù wdidOkm%udKh ixikaokd;aulj wvqh' tfia jqjo" uE;

ld,fha oS ta ixLHd YS>% f,i jevqfKah' ld¾ñlrdcHhkays w¨;ska wdidOkhg f.dÿreùfï fõ.h"

wjqreÿ fndfyda .Kkla wvqfjñka mej;Sfuka miqj"uE;loS wêljkakg mgkaf.k we;af;ah'

wm fïffjrihg

f.dÿreù kïtÉwhsù$taâiawdY%s; fi!LHyd ffjoHdOdr

,nkakg" tlai;acd;Skaf.a

ixúOdkfhakshqla;hka

yeáhg wmgwhs;shlawe;af;ah'

wdidê; fkdjQwfhla

tÉwhsù ydiuÕ fjfikwh yd iuÕlghq;= lsrSu"iyuq,skauwdrlaIs;h'

tÉwhsù wdidê;hka yd iuÕ lghq;= lsrSu wdrlaIs;o@Tõ' idudkH in|;djlska" tÉwhsù fndajkafka ke;' wdidê; fkdjQfjl= tÉwhsù ydiuÕ fjfik wh yd iuÕ fyda taâia frda.h olajd j¾Okh jQ wdidê;hka yd iuÕfyda jev lsrSu" iyuq,skau wdrlaIs;hs' tÉwhsù fyda taâia iys;j fjfik kshqla;hkagfjkialï lsrSu" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a msrsia m%;sm;a;sfhka iïmQ¾Kfhkau oeäf,i ;ykïflfr;s' ztlai;a cd;Skaf.a tÉwhsù$taâia msrsia m%;sm;a;shZ ^Wm .%ka:h 1 n,kak'&úiska wdrlaIs; fiajd ia:dkhla ,efnk ;ekg j. n,d .kS' ta w;r ish¨kshqla;hkaf.a f.!rjh iy udkj whs;sjdislï o wdrlaId flf¾' idOdrKjQ;a"iudkd;au;d iys;jQ;a" fjkialï fkdlrkakdjQ;a fiajd ia:dkhl jgkdlu" fï fmd;amsxfÉ f;jk mßÉfþofhys jvd;a .eUqrg m%ldY fjhs'


9


jix.;fha iajNdjh

c.;a jHdma; taâia jix.;h .ek l;d-ny lsrSu idudkHfhka isÿjkafka jqjo" úúO m%foaY

w;r;a" ta ta m%foaYh ;=<;a" fï frda.fha iajNdjh fndfyda fia fjkia jkafkah' iyrdjg

wdikakj msysá wm%sldkq m%foaYj,;a" lerSìhka m%foaYj,;a wdidOkhg m%Odk fya;=j iu ,sx.sl

l%shdj,sfha me;sr hEuhs' ta w;r ol=Kq wefursldfõ iy fndfyda ld¾ñl rdcHhkays wdidOk

úYd, ixLHdjlska fmkakqï flfrkafka mqreIhka w;r isÿjk iu,sx.sl in|;dhs' kef.kysr

hqfrdamfha;a" uOHu wdishdfõ;a" ueo fmros.;a" W;=re wm%sldfõ;a" ol=Kq wdishdfõ iy ol=Kq

wefursldfõ we;eï fmfoiaj,;a" w¨;ska tÉwhsù jhsrihg f.dÿreùfï m%Odk ud¾.h tkak;a

u;aøjH Ndú;hhs' tla tla m%foaYfhys" frda.h fndaùfï úfYaI l%u we;af;ah' tfia jqjo" ta l%u

ish,a, uÕskau yeu m%foaYhlu w¨;ska wdidOk Woa.; fõ' m%foaY lsysmhlu" w¨;a

wdidOkj,ska ie<lsh hq;= m%udKhlg fya;=j wkdrlaIs; f,a tl;= lsrSu iy reêr mdrú,hk

l%u;a" wmú;% tkak;a lgq Ndú;h;ah'

wm tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha fiajd kshqla;hka ksid" wmg;a wmf.a mjq,aj, whg;a"

wdrlaIs; fi!LH fiajd iïmdok ia:dkj,ska ffjoH wdOdr ,o yelshs' tajdfhaoS Ndú; flfrkafka

úIîcdKqyrKh l< tkak;a lgq iy ffjoH WmlrK muKs' fi!LH fiajd ksid Tng tÉwhsù

fndaùfï wka;rdh bka j<lS' ^fiajd kshqla;hka" neyer fmfoiaj, fiajfha fhfokúg" Tjqka

uqyqKmdk úfYaI wjia:d fya;=fldgf.k Tjqkag" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ffjoH fiajdj,

msysg ,nd.; fkdyels jkafkah' tjeks úfYaI wjia:dj,oS meKkÕsk m%YaKj,g uqyqKmdk

wdldrh ó<Õ mßÉfþofhys oelafõ'& wmg hïfyhlska reêr mdrú,hkhlg ,lajkakg

isÿjqjfyd;a" fyd|ska mrSlaId lrk ,o f,a ,o yels ud¾. oek isákakgo wmg whs;shla

we;af;ah' reêrh b;d fyd|ska mrSlaId lsrSu ksid" mdrú,hkhlska frda.h fndaùfï wka;rdh

iyuq,skau mdfya bj;a l< yelsfõ'

f,dj mqrd tÉwhsõ iy taâia m%jk;d ms<sn| w¨;a f;dr;=re" j¾Ihla mdid hQtkataâia úiska

iïmdokh flf¾' fï f;dr;=re hQtkataâia fjí wvúfhka ,o yelsh' (www.unaids.org) ztaâia

jix.;h ms<sn| w¨;au f;dr;=reZ kï jd¾Isl m%ldYkho fuhg we;=<;ah' ta ta rgj,a ms<sn|

f;dr;=re igyka o ,o yelsh' zc.;a jHdma; taâia jix.;hZ kï oaú jd¾Isl m%ldYkfhys tla

tla rg ms<sn|j mq¿,a f;dr;=re /ila iïmdokh fõ'

f,dj mqrd tÉwhsùiy taâia ms<sn|m%jk;d olajkw¨;au f;dr;=re"hQtkataâia uÕska tysfjí wvú Tiafiaimhkq ,efí'

(www.unaids.org)



ksh; jYfhkau tÉwhsù iys; wfhl= wmf.a ksfjiaj, fiajh i|yd n|jd .ekSu wdrlaIs;o@Tõ' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha kshqla; wm fndfyda fofkl= úiska" fkdfhla whwmf.a ksfjiaj, fiajdjkays fhdojkq ,efí' Tjqka fiajfhys fhdojkq ,nkafka Y=oaO-mú;% lrkakka" wdhdwïu,d" wrlaleñhka" Whkam,a,ka" wdrlaIl ks,OdrSka iyrsheÿrka jYfhks' fufia fiajfhys fhdojd isák wh Tjqkaf.a fiajd lghq;= i|yd b;dfyd| iqÿiqlï ,nd isák ;ekg;a" wmf.a mjq,aj,g" fjfiiskau wmf.a orejkagtjekakkaf.ka fi!LH ;¾ckhla fyda fjk wksla ;¾ckhla t,a, fkdjk ;ekg;a wmúiska j.n,d .; hq;= fjhs' tÉwhsù i<ld n,k l,ays" tÉwhsù iys; wh rlaIdj,fhoùu wmf.a mjq,aj,g ;¾ckhla úh yelsoehs wm w;=rska iuyfrl=g ìhla we;súhyelshs' fï ;;ajhg wkqj" tfia fiajfhys fhdojd isák wh" wm yd iuÕ fndfydald,hla .; lr;s' Tjqyq wmg wdydr-mdk Whd fo;s' Tjqyq wm /ln,d .ks;s' wmúiska hful= fiajfhys fhdojkq ,nkafkao" keoaoehs ;SrKh lsrSfïoS tÉwhsù idOlhlaúh hq;= ke;s nj tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha m%;sm;a;sfhys b;d meyeos,sj m%ldYflf¾' tÉwhsù weoaoehs mrSlaId lsrSu flfkl= fiajfhys fhoùfïoS wksjd¾hfhkaisÿúh hq;a;la fkdfõ' tÉwhsù iys;j cSj;ajk lsisjl= úiska" Tyqf.a fyda wehf.a ta;;ajh wkdjrKh l< hq;= hehs kshu fkdflf¾' fuh" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha/lSrlaId iïmdok m%;sm;a;shhs' ta ksid" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ks,OdrsuKav,fha idudcslfhl= úiska" ish ksfjiaj, fiajlhka n|jd .ekSfïoS;a tum%;sm;a;shu wkq.ukh lsrSu w;sYhskau WÑ;h' ulaksidoh;a" uq¿ f,dalfhaufiajdodhlhka Wfoid cd;Hka;r lïlre ixúOdkh úiskao wkqu; flfrk iïuq;sh;afuh fyhsks' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfhys fyda fõjd bka neyer fyda fõjd isák"wdidê;hka úh yels yefudagu" iafõÉPdfjka ryis.;j iemfhk WmfoaY ,nd.kakgiy mrSlaIKj,g Ndck jkakg wms yeu;skau ffO¾hh imhkafkuq' tjekaklafm!oa.,slj ksoyfia t<fUk ;SrKhla ñi" lsisÿ fiajdfhdaclfhl=f.a n,lsrSulskaisÿjkakla fkdfõ' tfiau" wo flfrk mrSlaIKhlska hful=g tÉwhsù ke;ehs fmKqko"Tjqkag tÉwhsù ke;ehs wkd.;fhaoS mrSlaIKj,ska wkdjrKh fõ hehs iy;sl l<yels fkdfõ'

ksfjiaj, fiajhg n|jd .kakg woyia lrk wh ta fiajhg b;du iqÿiqoehs ia:djrfldg .kakd msKsi;a" /ln,d .kakd ;;a;ajfhka Tjqka b;du iqÿiq whoehs oek.kakdmsKsi;a ^tÉwhsù i|yd fkdj& Tjqka mrSlaIdjg ,la l< hq;= hehs wms fhdackdlrkafkuq' Tjqka fiajfhys fhoS isák úg" wm Tjqkaf.ka n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafkal=ulaoehs wm b;d meye,sosj oek isáh hq;= fjhs' tfukau" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh;=<oS isÿjk wdldrhg wm úiska ta ksfjiaj, fiajfha fhÿKq whf.a ld¾hhkao we.hshhq;=fõ' kso¾Yk jYfhka .;fyd;a" wmf.a orejka .ek ie<lSfïoS wm úiska wdhd-wïudg b;d meyeos,sj lshd osh hq;= jkafka weh úiska orejdg ish ;klsrs oSu ;ykïnjhs' tfukau yosis wjia:djloS l<hq;= foa ms<sn|j b;du meyeos,s Wmfoia iïmdokhl< hq;= fõ' wmf.a ksfjiaj, fiajfhys fhoS isák whg tÉwhsù iy taâia .ek iDcqjwOHdmkh yd f;dr;=re iïmdokh lsrSu fyda tu fmfofia tjeks foa ,nd.; yels;eka fiùu;a fyd| woyils' tfiau" tÉwhsù iy taâia ms<sn|j lreKq oek.kakg wmúiska fiajfhys fhdojd isák whg ffO¾h oSu;a hym;a fohls'

tÉwhsù myiqfjka fnda fkdjk nj is; ;nd.ekSu jeo.;ah' wmf.a ksfjiaj,fiajfhys kshqla; wh" wmf.a mjqf,a wh yd iuÕ ,sx.sl in|;d mj;ajd fkd.kakdnj;a" Tjqka yd iuÕ tlu tkak;a lgq Ndú;d fkdlrk nj;a" Tjqka f,a fkdfoknj;a" tfukau Tjqka orejkag ;klsrs fkdfmdjk nj;a wms i<lkafkuq' ta" tÉwhsùfndaúh yels uQ,sl l%uhs' wmf.a ksfjiaj, fiajfhys fhfok wh yd iuÕ wdY%hlsrSu;a" Tjqka wmf.a wdydr-mdk ms<sfh, lsrSu;a" wm je<| .ekSu yd ism .ekSu;a"wmf.a orejkag leùï-fmùï lsrSu;a Tjqka yd iuÕ fi,a,ï lsrSu;a iïmQ¾KfhkauwdrlaIs;h'

iykodhS .;smej;=ï ms<sn|j" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha wm úiska wdo¾Yhlaosh hq;=fõ' wmf.a jD;a;Sh cSú;fhys oS fyda fm!oa.,sl cSú;fhysoS wm úiska tÉwhsùwdY%s;j flfrk fldka lsrSï fyda fy<d oelSï wkqu; l< hq;= fkdfõ'

10

tÉwhsù wdY%s;jflfrk

fldkalsÍï fydafy,doelSï

wmf.a jD;a;Shfyda mqoa.,sl

Ôú;fh§ wkqu;fkdlrkafkuq'


11


c.;a taâia úfrdaë jHdmD;sh iúu;a lrkakg tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdk ixlS¾Kh wdOdr lrkafka flfiao@taâia frda.hg m%;súreoaOj" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh l%shd;aul f,i lghq;=lrf.k hkafkah' oekg" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska" tÉwhsù yd noaO ish¨ul%shdldrlï" tÉwhsù$taâia ms<sn| tlai;a cd;Skaf.a mia wjqreÿ l%fudamdh ie,eiauhgf;a" taldnoaO flfrkafkah' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha tÉwhsù iy taâia úfrdaëjHdmD;Skays kdhl;ajfha fmruqK .kafka tÉwhsù$taâia úfrdaë tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkfha taldnoaO jev ms<sfj, ^hQtkataâia& kï wdh;kh úisks' th iEoS ;sfnkafkaf,aLldêldrhlska iy tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkhgu wh;a iu wkq.%dyl wdh;kkjhlsks'1

wm yd iuÕ isák kshqla;hkaf.ka" ksh;jYfhkau tÉwhsù iys; whg ud úiska iydhúh yelafla flfiao@b;du jeo.;a lreK fuhhs' Tjqkaf.a tÉwhsù ;;a;ajh .ek fkdi<ld wm úiska" wmyd iuÕ tlaj lghq;= lrk whg ie<lsh hq;af;a" wmg hful= úiska ie<lsh hq;=j;sfnk wdldrfhks' tkï .¾jfhka iy jD;a;Sh m%ùk;ajfhks' fï fmdf;a zcSj;ajkakgbv fokakZ kue;s w. mßÉfþofhys" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a fiajd ia:dkhkays tÉwhsù iytaâia ;;a;ajhg uqyqK mE hq;= wdldrh ms<sn| uÕ fmkaùula flfrhs'

tkak;la fidhd.; yelafla ljodo@tÉwhsù úfrdaë tkak;la fidhd.; yelshehs úYaI{hka úYajdi lr;;a" mD:q,jYfhka Ndú; l< yels tkak;la ,efnkakg wjqreÿ lsysmhla .;úh yelsh'iuyrúg wjqreÿ oyhla fyda Bg jeä .Kkla .;úh yelshs' tkak;la ,efnk f;la"tÉwhsù fndaùu j<lajk fyd|u mshjr kï ia;%S$mqreI fldkavu iy oekg mj;akdfiiq iqÿiq jdrK l%u Ndú; lsrSuhs' ^fojk mßÉfþoh n,kak'&

tkak;la n,dfmdfrd;a;=ùu

2003 w.Nd.fhaoS" uydoaùm yfha fhdacs; tkak;a b;d úYd,

ixLHdjla" ñksiqka Ndú;fhka mrSlaId flfrñka ;snqfKah' wdidê;

fkdjQ 10"000lg;a wêl iafÉÉPd msrsila ta mrSlaIKj,g iyNd.s

jQy' taâia tkak;l id¾:l;ajh ms<sn|j b;d mq¿,a uÜgfuka

flfrk mrSlaIKh iïmQ¾K jQfhah' tÉwhsù tkak;la fj;

m%fõYùfï,d lreKq Wf.kSï .ek m%n, m%.;shla isÿjQfhah' tfia

jqjo" tkak;la ilia fldg .ekSu i|yd orkq ,nk m%h;akhkag"

úoHd;aul iy m%dfhda.sl ndOd j,g uQKmdkakg isÿfjhs' jdrl

tkak;la fidhd .ekSu i|yd f,dj mqrd orkq ,nk f,dal jHdma;

m%h;akh .ek ;j;a f;dr;=re oek .ekSug hQtkataâia fjí

wvúhg m%fõY jkak' www.unaids.org.

1' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a <ud wdmod wruqo, ^hqksfi*a&" f,dal wdydr jHdmD;sh ^ví,sõt*amS&"

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixj¾Ok jHdmD;sh ^hQtkaãmS&" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ck.yK wruqo,

^hQtkat*amSta&" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a u;aøjH yd wmrdO ms<sn| ld¾hdxYh ^hQtka´ãiS&"

cd;Hka;r lïlre ixúOdkh ^whst,a´&" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a wOHdmk úoHd ixialD;sl

ixúOdkh ^hqfkiaflda&" f,dal fi!LH ixúOdkh ^ví,sõtÉ´&" iy f,dal nexl=j'


12

tÉwhsù$taâia úfrdaë igfka oS tlai;a cd;Skaf.a m%h;akfï w¾nqofha mD:q,;ajh iy tys iajNdjh .ek f,dalh oekqj;a lrkq msKsi;a"jeo.;a w¨;a m%jk;d wkdjrKh fldg .kakd msKsi;a" fï jix.;h md,khfldg .kq msKsi ;uka úiska orkq ,nk m%h;ak id¾:l oehs ksYaph lr.kakg tata rgj,g WmldrS jkq msKsi;a" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska wëlaIKmeje;afjkafkah' ztÉwhsù$ taâia úfrdaë lemùu ms<sn| m%ldYkhZ kï f,aLkhgc.;a jHdma; iïuq;sh ,eîfuka miqj" fï tÉwhsù$taâia úfrdaë jHdmdr jvd;ajeo.;aù we;af;ah' fï jix.;hg úfrdaë igfka m%.;sh ms<sn|j jrskajr jd¾;dlrkakehs ta m%ldYkh úiska tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdk ixlS¾Khg kshuflfrkafkah'

jvd;a m%;sM,odhS m%;sl%shd .ek tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdk ixlS¾Kh úiska" uxfmkaùï flfrkafkah' b;du fyd| l%shdj,Ska tlg tl;= fldg tajd m;=rejd,Sfukatlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska flfrkafka" m%;sM,odhS jkafka ljr l%shdud¾.oehs olajk m%n,;u idOl mokï fldgf.k jev ms<sfj,j,a iy m%;sm;a;siliajk ;ekg iy;sl jkakg WmldrS ùuhs' fï jix.;h md,kh fldg .kakdmsKsi" m%;sM,odhS m%h;ak l%shdfõ fhoùu i|yd" foaY yd ck lKavdhï i;=Yla;sh oshqKq fldg .kq msKsi wjYH jk mqfrda.dó m¾fhaIK i|yd" tlai;acd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska ffO¾hh fokq ,efí' fndfydaúg wkq.%yhhka imhkq,efí' kso¾Ykhla fufiah' fiajdia:dkfha tÉwhsù$taâia ms<sn|j cd;Hka;rlïlre ixúOdkh úiska m%ldYs; ztÉhsù$taâia ms<sn| l%shdldrS moaO;Ska iy Y%uf,dalhZ kue;s m%ldYkh úiska tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh;a we;=¿ f,dj mqrdiajdñ mlaIhg WmfoaY imhkq ,efí'

W!K ixj¾ê; rdcH ish,af,au mdfya" tfukau w;r ueos rdcHj,;a fmkS isáktlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska" taâia úfrdaë l%fudamdhhka iliafldg .kakgiy l%shdfõ fhdojkakg;a" wdOdr iemfhkafkah' rdcH yd iuÕ;a" fm!oa.,slwxYh yd iuÕ;a" isú,a iudch yd iuÕ;a" ndysr wdOdr iïmdolhka yd iuÕ;atfukau tÉwhsù$taâia iys;j fjfikakka yd iuÕ;a iyfhda.Sj lghq;= lrñka"tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska m%h;ak orkq ,nkafka" ta ta cd;Ska úiskatÉwhsù$taâia úfrdaëj lrk m%;sl%shd iúu;a lrkakghs' m%;sM,odhS taâia úfrdaëjHdmdr" ;sridr f,i mj;ajdf.k hEu i|yd wjYHjk udkj Yla;sh f.dvkÕkqmsKsi" ta ta rgj,a yd iuÕ iyfhda.Sj l%shdlrñka tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfhaúfYaI wdh;k úiska wjYH Ys,amSh wdOdfrdamldr imhkq ,efí'

wka yeulgu jvd" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska wkqokafka tÉwhsù iytaâia úiska t,a, flfrk fmr fkdjQ úrE wNsfhda.h i|yd widudkHldrfham%;spdrhla wjYH hehs lshdh' tÉwhsù fndaùu j<lajkq msKsi m%;sM,odhS mshjr.kakehs lshd isák f,dalfha m%n,;u wdh;kh kï tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkhhs'iSñ; iïm;a iys; ia:dkhkaysoS" tÉwhsù$taâia m%;sldr ,nd .ekSfï wjia:dm%n,dldrfhka mq¿,a l< hq;= hehs lshd isàfïoS" uE;l isg tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkh úiska mqfrda.dó fufyhla bgq flfrkafkah'

fï fmd;a msxp yereKq úg" tÉwhsù iy taâia .ek ud úiska oek.; hq;=lreKq ish,a, oek.kakg" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska ug Wmldrflfrkafka flfiao@2002 oS" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha kshqla;hka 8000lg wêl ixLHdjla ms<sn|jiólaIKhla meje;aùfuka miqj" tÉwhsù$taâia wOHdmk l%fudamdhhka iïmdokhfldg .kakd ,oS' tys wruqK jQfha ish¨u ks,OdrSkag tÉwhsù iy taâia ms<sn|juQ,sl wjfndaOhla ,efnk ;ekg j. n,d .ekSuhs' ;uka rdcldrs lrk ia:dkhkaysmeje;afjk" tÉwhsù iy taâia wjfndaOldrl ieisjdrj,g" ks,OdrSka ish¨fokduiyNd.s úh hq;=hehs ta l%fudamdhh úiska kshu flf¾' tÉwhsù$taâia ks,OdrSkaf.awhs;sjdislï" ta ta m%foaYfha ,o yels fiajdj,a iy tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha"

13


tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkfhawOHdmk

l%fudamdfhawruqK kï

kshqla;hka ish¨fokdgu tÉwhsùiy taâia ms<sn|

m%d:ñlwjfndaOhla,ndoSuhs'

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha fiajdia:dkms<sn| úfYaI fjí wvúhla iliafldgwe;af;ah' ^n,kak'http://unworkplace.unaids.org/&

ztÉwhsù$taâia msrsia m%;sm;a;shZ kue;s m%lYkfha wka;¾.; foaj¨;a ms<sn|j mQ¾Kúia;r fï ieisjdrh u.ska iemfha' fï wOHdmk ieisjdr" ixialD;sl jYfhkaWÑ;oehs fidhd n,kakg;a" yels yeu;ekloSu ta f;dr;=re ta ta m%dfoaYsl NdIdj,skq;a"mjqf,a whg ,o yels jk wdldrfhkq;a" iïmdokh lsrSug;a" tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkh lemù isà' we;eï rgj," tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha úúO úfYaI wdh;kuq¨,af,au" iu uÜgfï yd iu jhfia wOHdmk odhlhka cd,hla ilia lsrSu .ek;a"tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh lemù isà' tjekakl wruqK tÉwhsù iy taâia ms<sn|jksjerÈ wjfndaOh j¾Okh lsrsuhs'

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a fiajd ia:dkfhys tÉwhsù iy taâia ms<sn|j ug ;j;am%Yak we;af;ah' w;sf¾l f;dr;=re imhd.kq msKsi ud hd hq;af;afld;ekgo@tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha fiajd ia:dk ms<sn|j úfYaI fjí wvúhla ilia fldgwe;af;ah' ^n,kak( http://unworkplace.unaids.org/). fï fmd;a msxfÉ i|ykaf;dr;=re tys m%ldY fõ' tfiau" c.;a jHdma; ixLHdf,aLk iy tÉwhsù$taâia ms<sn|;j;a uQ,dY% /ila tys wka;¾.; fõ'

tÉwhsù$taâia ms<sn| cd;Hka;r lïlre ixúOdkfha fjí wvúfha;a" j¾,aâ T*aj¾la fjí wvúfha;a" cd;Hka;r lïlre ixúOdkfha l%shdldrSlï ms<sn| WmfoaYmoaO;sh NdId lsysmhlska wka;¾.; fõ' ^n,kak(http//www.ilo.org.public/English/protection/trav/aids/code/languages/index.htm). wOHdmk iy mqyqKq w;a fmd;lao ta fjí wvúfha wka;¾.; fõ' fiajdia:dkh ms<sn| m%;sm;a;s l%shdfõ fhdojkwdldrh;a" tÉwhsù$taâia ms<sn| jevms<sfj,;a tys wka;¾.; fõ'

úfYaI wdh;k fndfyduhl tÉwhsù$taâia flakaøia:dk we;af;ah' tfiau fndfydargj, tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh Wfoid wOHdmk wdOdrlrejka mqyqKq lrkq ,efn;s'Bg w;sf¾l jYfhka Tng" Tnf.a udkj iïm;a ks,Odrshd yd iuÕ idlÉPd l< yelsfjhs' ke;akï" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha fiajdia:dkfha flakaø ia:dkhlskao" lreKqúuid oek.; yelsfjhs' ta flakaøia:dk Ndr ks,Odrshd tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfhatÉwhsù$taâia m%;sm;a;s .eko fyd|ska okS' tÉwhsù$taâia ms<sn| ffjoH m%Yak" Tngtlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ffjoH fiajd wxYhg fyda tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh ydnoaO fi!LHdrlaIl fiajd iïmdolhdg fyda fhduq l< yelsfõ' tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkfha Tnf.au" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a fiajd ia:dkfhka Tng Tnf.a m%foaYfha taâiafiajd ixúOdkhkays kï yd Tjqka yd iïnkaO úh yels wdldrh ms<sn| f;dr;=re;a ,oyelsfõ'

tÉwhsù$taâia ms<sn|j f;dr;=re iïNdrhla Tng fmd;lska-m;lska" iÕrdjlskafyda rEmjdysksfhka ,nd.; yelsh' fndfydaúg" fïjd tÉwhsù$taâia f;dr;=re ms<sn|úYsIag uQ,dY%hs' tfia jqjo" tjeks uQ,dY%hka f.ka ,efnk f;dr;=rej, ksjro;djh"tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska ;yjqre l< fkdfya'


14

tÉwhsù iy taâia ms<sn|j oek.ekSu

• fï fmd;a msxfÉ fï mßÉfþoh lshùfuka miqj" Tn tÉwhsù iy taâia ms<sn|j oek.;a w¨;alreKq fudkjdo@

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

• Tnf.a rfÜ tÉwhsù fndafjk jvd;au mD:q, l%u ljf¾o@

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

• tÉwhsù iy taâia ms<sn|j fuf;la ms<s;=re fkd,enqKq m%Yak ljf¾o@

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

• tÉwhsù iy taâia ms<sn|j ;j;a w;sf¾l lreKq oek.kakd msKsi Tn úiska fhduqúh hq;af;a"Tnf.a m%foaYfha tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ljfrl= fj;go@

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

• tÉwhsù iy taâia ms<sn|j ;j;a w;sf¾l lreKq oek.kakd msKsi" Tn úiska fhduq úh hq;af;atlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfhka neyer Tnf.a rfÜ ljfrl= fj;o@

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________


15


• Tn úiska Tnf.a iyldre^jka&$iyldrsh^ka& iuÕ fnod-yod .kakg leue;af;a tÉwhsù iy taâiams<sn| ljr lreKqo@

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

• w;sf¾l lreKq

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________


2mßÉfþoh

17

Tnf.awdrlaIdji,id.kakfi!LHhg ys;e;s ;SrKj,g t<fUkak

• iafõÉPdfjka WmfoaYk i|yd iy mrSlaIK i|yd hEfuka wmf.atÉwhsù ;;a;ajh ms<sno oekqj;a úh hq;=fõ'

• fhdaks wNHka;r ,sx.sl ixi¾.fhka je<lS isáh hq;=fõ' fkdtfiakï"fldkavu ksjeros f,i;a" ixi¾.fha fhfok yeu wjia:djluoS;aNdú; l< hq;=fõ' tfia l< hq;= fkdjkafka" wm;a wmf.a ixi¾.iyldrhkq;a iyldrshkq;a iyuq,skau tÉwhsù úrys; hehs yrsyeáuokafka kï muKs'

• ,sx.dY%s; wdidOkhla we;akï jydu m%;sldr ,nd.; hq;=fõ'

• w¨;a fyda úIîcdkqyrkh lrk ,o tkak;a lgq iy isrskac muKlaNdú; l< hq;=fõ'

• wmf.a iyldrhka iuÕ;a" orejka iuÕ;a" i.hka iuÕ;a" tÉwhsù.ek l;d-ny l< hq;=fõ'

• ;udg tÉwhsù fndaùfuka je<lsh yelsjkq msKsi l,a;shd iQodkï úhhq;=fõ'

wmf.a mjq,aj, wh;a" wmf.a ys;j;=ka iywm;a wdrlaId fldg.kakd msKsi" wm úiska(


18

tÉwhsù fndajk l%u iSñ; ksid" tÉwhsù j<lajd .ekSu ydffjrihg f.dÿreùfuka je<lS isàu ir< lreKla fkdfõo@tÉwhsù t;rï myiqfjka fnda fkdjk nj we;a;hs' wdidOkh j<lajd .; yels;afõ' tfia jqjo" tÉwhsù fndaùfï m%Odk l%uh jk ,sx.sl ixi¾.h" b;dufm!oa.,sl w;sYh w.he;s yDohdx.u p¾hdjls' th fndfydaúg fjkia l<fkdfyk p¾hdjls' fjfiiskau os.=l,la uq¨,af,a fjkia l< fkdfykakls'

m%;sM,odhS f,i j<lajd,Su r|d mj;skafka w;aÿgq uQ,O¾u lsysmhla u;hs'

• ksjerÈ f;dr;=re' ffjrih fndaùu j<lajkq msKsi wjYHjkafka" tÉwhsùfndajk iy fnda fkdjk wdldrh wm ish¨ fokd úiskau oek isàuhs' fï fmd;amsxfpys wruqK" wmg iy wmf.a mjq,aj, whg tÉwhsù iy taâia ms<sn| uQ,sllreKq iïmdokh lsrSuhs' tfiau" jvd;a iúia;r f;dr;=re ,nd.; yels uQ,dY%.ek f;dr;=re iïmdokh lsrSu;ah' Bg w;sf¾lj" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfhakshqla;hka jYfhka" tÉwhsù iy taâia wjfndaOh ms<sn| ieis jdrj,g iyNd.sjkakg wmg whs;shla we;af;ah' wm i;= m%Yakj,g ms<s;=re ,nd.ekSfï wjia:djo wmg ta ieis jdrj,oS ,efnkafkah'

• fm!oa.,sl ie,iqï' tÉwhsù iy taâia ms<sn|j Tn oeka okakd foa ksid" Tnúiska l,a;shd is;sh hq;= jkafka" Tng ffjrih fndaúh yels wdldr .ek;a"fndaùu j<lajkq msKsi Tn úiska ie,iqï l< hq;= wdldrh .ek;ah' yeumqoa.,fhlau iqúfYaIS mqoa.,fhl= ksid" Tn ffjrifhka je<lS isàfï ie,eiau"Tn úiska" Tngu WÑ; wdldrfhka ilia fldg .; hq;=fõ' wmf.ka iuyr whg- fjfiiskau ldka;djkag yd nd,sldjkag isÿjkafka wmf.a wdrlaIl ie,iqïj,oSwka;¾ mqoa., l%shdfõ. .ek i<ld n,kakghs' wmf.a wdrlaIdj i,id .ekSu"tajd ksid we;eïúg wmyiq jkafkah' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha kshqla;hkajYfhka" w;HjYH jdrl l%u ,nd.kakg wm ish¨ fokdgu whs;shla ;sfnknj" fï mßÉfþofhka meyeos,s fjhs' ta wkqj" fldkavu ,nd.kakg;a" m%:udOdrWmlrK lÜg, ,nd.kakg;a" fi!LH wdrlaIK ,nkakg;a wmg whs;shlawe;af;ah' ffjoH id;a;=j,oS w¨;a tkak;a lgq iy úIîcdkqyrKh l< WmlrK,nd.kakg;a wmg whs;shla we;af;ah' tfukau wdrlaIs; reêrh ,nd.kakg;awmg whs;shla we;af;ah'

• ikaksfõokh' tÉwhsù fndaùu isÿjkakg hg;a msrsfihska fofofkl=j;a wjYHh'ta ksid wm ish¨ fokd úiskau" wmf.a iyldrhka yd iuÕ;a" wmf.a mjq,aj,wh yd iuÕ;a wmf.a i.hka yd iuÕ;a" wmg fi!LHdrlaIdj imhk wh ydiuÕ;a tÉwhsù j,ska je<lSu .ek l;d-ny lsrSu jeo.;ah' ish¨u úfYaIs;wdh;k úiska" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha kshqla;hkag tÉwhsù j<lajd,Su.ek l;d-ny lrkakg wjia:dj iïmdokh lsrsu;a" ck lKavdhï yd noaO"tÉwhsù wdY%s; WmfoaYlhkg fhduq lsrSu;a" l< hq;= nj tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkh úiska kshu fldg we;af;ah'

• ;yjqre lsrSu' tÉwhsù j<lajd,Su" yqfola f;dr;=re iïmdokhg jvd jeälreKls' fndaùu j<lajd ,kq msKsi" p¾hdjka fjkia lsrSu we;eïúg" wmyiqúh yelsh' ta ksid" m%;sM,odhS tÉwhsù jdrl l%u Ndú; lrkakg;a" wdrlaId ùfjfikakg wjYH olaI;d oshqKq fldg .kakg;a" wm fm<ôh hq;= jkafkah' tatlalu" iuyre" wdrlaIs; p¾hd rgd wdrïN lrk kuq;a" tjeks yeisrSï l%uos.g mj;ajdf.k hEu Tjqkag m%Yakhla fjhs' taâia i|yd m%;sM,odhS m%;sldruE;loS Ndú;hg tau ksid" fndaùfï wjodku .ek ,>qfjka is;kakg iuyremqreÿjkakg bv we;af;ah' tÉwhsù j<lajd,Su hdjcSj j.lSuls' ta ksid tlai;acd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska m%ldYs; ztÉwhsù$taâia msrsia m%;sm;a;shZ kïm%ldYkh tÉwhsù j<lajd .ekSfï l%shdj,sh os.gu mj;ajdf.k hkakg WmldrSjkafkah' ta uÕska" j<lajd .ekSfï mKsjqvh l,la uq¨,af,au ;yjqre flfrñkamj;ajd .; hq;=fõ'

ffjrih fndaùuj<lajd.kqmsKsi" wmsish¨fokdu"

tÉwhsù fndajkiy fnda fkdjkwdldrh oekisáh hq;=fjuq'

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha fiajd kshqla;hkag iy Tjqkaf.a mjq,aj, whg iemfhk f;dr;=re

19

Tnf.a wdrlaIdj i,id .kak( fi!LHhg ys;e;s ;SrKj,g t<fUkak

,sx.slj isÿjk fndaùu

tÉwhsù ,sx.slj fndaùu ud úiska j<lajd .; yelafla flfiao@kHdhsl jYfhka lsjfyd;a" ,sx.sl ixi¾.fhka tÉwhsù wdidOkh isÿùu j<lajd.ekSfï fyd|u l%uh kï" ,sx.sl ixi¾.fhka je<lSuhs' ñka wefÕkafka tlaflda,sx.sl ixi¾. l%shdoduh wdrïN lsrSu l,aoeóu fyda ,sx.sl ixi¾.h i|ydl%shdYS,SjQúg" ixi¾.fhys fhoSfuka je<lS isàuhs'

wd,h wdorh u; mokï jQ iïnkaO;djhla ;=<" wmf.a iyldr iyldrshka flfrysiïmQ¾K úYajdih ;nkakg" wmf.ka we;euqka iu;ajkafka úh yelsh' iyldr iyldrsfofokdu tÉwhsù úrys; kï" tÉwhsù j<lajd .ekSfï l%shdj,sh jkafka tlsfkldflfrys mQ¾K úYajdih ;nd isákakg iyuq,skau tlÕùuhs' we;euqkag" fï ;;a;ajhwka;rdfhka f;dr fkdfõ' fndfyda fokd" fjfiiskau ldka;dfjda" ish iyldrhkaflfrys wdorh yd úYajdih ;nd isá wjia:djkaysoS;a wdidê; jQy'

fhdaks wNHka;r ,sx.sl ixi¾.fha fhfok ,sx.sl l%shdjkays ksr;jk fiiq whg"tÉwhsù fndaùu j<lajd.; yels b;du m%;sM,odhS l%uh kï mqreI fldkavuh iyldka;d fldkavuh;ah' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha kshqla;hka jYfhka" myiqfjkafldkavu ,nd.ekSug wm ish¨fokdgu whs;shla we;af;ah'

mqreI fldkavuhla Ndú;d lrk wdldrh

• m<uqfjka l< hq;af;a" melÜgqfõ i|yka" wj,x.=jk oskh mrSlaId fldg

ne,Suhs' oskh oekgu miqù we;akï" fldkavuh Ndú; l< hq;= fkdfõ'

melÜgqj mfriaiñka újD; lrkak' lsisúfgl l;=re fyda msys Ndú; l< hq;=

fkdfõ' fldkavuh melÜgqfjka bj;g .kak' Tn uqÿ me,| isákafka kï fyda

kshfmd;= leã ;sfí kï fyda" fldkavuh fkdbfrk ;ekg mfriaiï úh hq;=h'

• fldkavuh fldfkka jd;h bj;a lrkak' ^ì|Su je<elaùfï ud¾.h fuhhs'&

bkamiqj fldkavuh ,sÕ=j w. ;nkak' c,h mokï fldg.;a ,sysis j¾.hlska

ì|la fyda folla fldkavuh w.g nyd,kakg iuyre leu;sh' ta ixfõoS;djh

jeäjkq msKsihs'

• fldkavuh" mfriaifuka iDcq ,sÕ=j osf.a" os. yrskak' tfia l< hq;af;a

fldkavuh iïmQ¾Kfhkau os. yefrk f;la fyda iïmQ¾K ,sÕ=j wdjrKh jk

f;lah' fldkavuh ;=< jd;h fkdue;sjk ;ekg j. n,d.; hq;=fõ'

^fldkavufha fldK ,sys,aj" iq<x úrys;j" ysia fmkqula iys;j ;sìh hq;=fõ'&

c,h mokï fldg.;a ,sysis j¾.hlska" fldkavufha msg me;a; ,sysis lrkak'

• ixi¾.h wjika jQ úg" fldkavufha m;a, w,a,df.k th álska ál .,jkak'

Y=l%dKq Tnf.a wf;a fkd;ejfrk ;ekg j. n,d.; hq;=fõ' ^tla tla ixi¾.

jdrh i|yd tla tla fldkavuh ne.ska wjYH nj u;l ;nd.; hq;=fõ'&

• fldkavufha w. .eg.id" Ndú; l< fldkavuh iqÿiq wdldrfhlska bj; ,kak'

kso¾Yk jYfhka l=Kq l+vhlg oeñh yelsh' lsisúfgl fldkavuh jeisls,s

c,fhka fidaod y< hq;= fkdfõ' ulaksido h;a" th c, k, ;=< ysrúh yels

fyhsks' l=Kq l+vh" ms<siaiSu fyda je<,Su hk fuu l%u ;=k .ek is;kak'

wmf.a iylre^jka&iuÕ;a" wmf.amjq,aj, wh

iuÕ;a" wmf.ai.hka iuÕ;a"

wmgfi!LHdrlaIdj

imhk wh iuÕ;a"tÉwhsù j<lajd

.ekSu ms<sn|j wmish¨fokdu l;d

ny lsrSu jeo.;ah'

20

ldka;d fldkavuhla Ndú;d lrk wdldrh

• fuh ldka;d fldkavuhls' tys fofldfkau uqÿ we;af;ah'

• m%:u mshjr kï" fldkavuh we;=¿ l< yelsjkq msKsi"

fldkavufha we;=,a me;af;a uqÿj" weÕs,s ;=vqj,ska w,a,d

.ekSuhs' fuh Wm;ajdrl WmlrK we;=¿ lsrSfï l%shdj jeksh'

• B<.g" ldka;d fldkavuh" fhdaksh ;=<g fyda wfOda ud¾.h

;=<g" we;=¿ uqÿj ke;=j" we;=,a l, hq;= fõ' fuh l< hq;af;a

ldka;djla úiska Wm;ajdrl WmlrK we;=¿ lrk wdldrfhks'

• we;=,a uqÿj" .eí f.< fj; ;sfnk wdldrhg" ldka;d

fldkavuh fhdaksh ;=<g ;,a¨ lrkak' fhdaksfha iajdNdúl

iajrEmh úiska" fldkavuh ksis mrsos ia:dk.; flfrhs' ,sx.sl

ixi¾.fhys fhfokakg meh wglg fmr jqjo" ia;%S fldkavuh

we;=¿ l< yels nj u;l ;nd.; hq;=fõ'

• fï jkúg" fhdaks wNHka;r ixi¾.h wdrlaIs;hs' ia;%S

fldkavuh ;=<g ñi" fldkavufha msg me;a;;a" fhdaks ìf;ys

msg me;a;;a w;rg ,sÕ=j fkdhk ;ekg j.n,d.; hq;=fõ' fï

uÕska mqreIhdf.a iy ia;%shf.a ,sx.sl bkaøshhkaf.a u;=msg

fmfoia wdrlaId jkafkah'

• ,sx.sl ixi¾.fhka miqj" ldka;d fldkavuh msg fmr,d" weo

bj;a l< hq;=h' th iqÿiq wdldrhlska bj; oukak' l=Kq l+vh"

ms<siaiSu fyda je<,Su hk l%u ;=k .ek u;l ;nd.kak'

lsisúfgl th jeisls,sfha fidaod y< hq;= fkdfõ' ulaksido h;a

th c,k, ;=< ysrúh yels fyhsks'

je<elaùfï ;j;a uÕla kï" yqfola fhdaks wNHka;r fkdjk ,sx.sl l%shdjkays muKlafhoSuhs' je<|.ekSu" iam¾Y lsrSu" iïNdykh iy wfkHdkH Y=l% fudapkh tjeksud¾.hs' tjeks ,sx.sl l%shdj,oS" fhdaks yd wfOda ud¾. wNHka;rfhys ,sx.sl l%shd isÿfkdfõ' tfyhska" tjeks ,sx.sl l%shd ksid tÉwhsù fndaùfï wjodkula yg.kafka ke;'uqL ,sx.sl ixi¾.h ksid tÉwhsù fndaùfï wjodku b;du wvqh' tfia jqjo" fudapkhjQ Y=l%dKq uqj;=<g .shfyd;a" tfukau" uqLfhys lemqï fyda ;=jd, ;snqKfyd;a" wjodkujeäjkakg bv we;af;ah'

ldka;d fldkavuhla hkq l=ulao@mqreI fldkavuh m<ojkafka ,sx.h u;hs' tfia jqjo ia;%S fldkavuh ;ekam;aflfrkafka fhdaksh ;=<hs' ia;%S fldkavu ixi¾.hg meh lsysmhlg fmr fhdaksh ;=<;ekam;a l< yelsh' f;,a fyda c,h mokï fldg.;a ,sysis f;,a Ndú;d l< yelsfõ'ia;%S fldkavufha we;=¨ me;af;a uqÿj bj;a lsÍfuka th .=o ud¾. ixi¾.fha§;a Ndú;l< yelsfõ'


21


fldkavu f;dard .ekSu

Tn úiska tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha Tnf.a fiajd ia:dkh uÕskafldkavu ,nd.kafka kï" tfia iemfhk fldkavu" .=Kd;aulnúkab;du Wiia ;;a;ajhla .kakd ;ekg iy;sl jkq msKsi yeum%h;akhlau oefrk nj .ek Tng i;=gqúh yelsh' tfia jqjo" Tnfldkavu ñ,hg .kafka kï" fldkavu .=Kd;aul núka fjkia fjkiauÜgï iys; nj" Tn úiska oek isáh hq;=fõ' Tn úiska" tajdwj,x.=jk oskh mrSlaId l< hq;=fõ' Tn úiska tajd ñ,hg .;hq;af;a" wf,úh wêlhehs fmfkk is,a,r idmamqj,ska fyda fí;aidmamqj,sks' fudag¾ rsh j, nvq ,dÉpq jeks" ;dmhg Ndckjk;ekaj, fï fldkavu ;nd,Sfuka o" Tn je<lS isáh hq;=fõ'melÜgqj újD; lrkúg" th l,ska újD; fkdl< njg j.n,d .;hq;=fõ' tfukau" tys u;=msg f;;ukla ke;s njgo" j. n,d.;hq;=fõ'

f,dalfha fndfyda fmfoiaj," mqreI fldkavu wf,ú lrkq ,nkafka,sysis iys;j fyda úrys;jh' fï folu iqÿiqh' tfy;a" fldkavuh,siaid hEfï fyda brS hEfï wjodku wvqlrkq msKsi Tn úiska ,sysisnyq, jYfhka Ndú; lrkakg iQodkï úh hq;=fõ' uE; wjqreÿj,oS"fï mqreI fldkavu ksIamdolhka úiska ,sysishla jYfhka fkdfkd-laihsfkd,a 9' ^tka-9& Ndú; flfrkafkah' tfia Ndú; flfrkafkatka-9 i;= Y=l%dKqkdYl Yla;sh" tÉwhsù fndaùu j<lajk w;sf¾lwdrlaIdjlehs hk úYajdifhks' tÉwhsù fndaùu j<lajk w;sf¾lwdrlaIl Yla;shla tka-9 i;=j ke;ehs m¾fhaIK j,ska wkdjKh ù;sfnk kuq;a" tfiau tka-9 ksid fhdaksfha iy wfOda ud¾.fha leiSïwe;sù" fndaùfï wjodku jeä lrkafka fyda úh yels jqjo" l,skawiqrk ,o Wm;ajdrl fldkavuj, iy fj<|dug ;nd ;sfnk ,sysisj¾.j,;a ;du;a we;eï úfgl tka-9 we;af;ah' fldkavu fyda ,sysisñ,hg .kakd úg" ta ksIamdokfha tka-9 wvx.= fkdue;s nj iy;slfldg .kq msKsi" Tn úiska tys f,an,h mrSlaId l< hq;=fõ'

f,dalfha fndfyda ;ekaj,oS" rn¾ lsrsj,ska fkdj fmd,shqfrf;akaj,ska ;kk ,o mqreI fldkavu ,o yelsfõ' ,sx.slj fndajk wdidOkyd tÉwhsù ffjri j<lajkakg ^ia;%S$mqreI& fmd,shqfrf;akafldkavu" rn¾ fldkavu ;rï u iu;ah' rn¾ fldkavu j,gwid;añl;d iys; whg fmd,shqfrf;aka fldkavu úfYaIfhkaum%fhdackj;ah' tjeks fldkavu f;,a mokï fldg.;a ,sysis j¾. ydiuÕ Ndú; l< yelsh'

ldka;d fldkavuh ;rula uE;loS ;kd.kakd ,oaols' th ,sys,a" fmd,shqf¾;SkaNdú;fhka ;kk ,o fldmqjls' tys fofldfka" kefuk iq¿ uqÿ folla we;af;ah' tajd"fhdaksh ;=<" ia:dk.; flf¾' fï ldka;d fldkavuj,g ia;%S-mqreI fomlaIhu leu;snj olajk m¾fhaIKj,ska miqj" ldka;d fldkavu Ndú;h wêljkakg mgka .;af;ah'Y=l% fyda fhdaks ;r<h .Eùu j<lajkakg WmldrSùfuka" ia;%S fldkavuho" mqreIfldkavuh fukau" tÉwhsù fndaùu j<lajkafkah' ia;%S fldkavu" idudkHfhka mqreIfldkavuj,g jvd ñ, wêlh' f,dalfha fndfyda fmfoiaj," ia;%S fldkavu" mqreIfldkavuh ;rï myiqfjka ñ,hg .; yels fkdfõ' tfy;a" tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkfha úfYaI wdh;kj,g ffO¾hh iemfhkafka fïjd ish wdh;kj,kshqla;hkag ,efnk ;ekg l%u iïmdokh lrkakghs'


22

fldkavuj, m%;sM,odhs;djh

tÉwhsù j<lajd,SfïoS fldkavu Ndú;h m%;sM,odhS njg hg;a msrsfihska j¾.y;rlj;a idOl we;af;ah' úoHd.drj, flfrk m¾fhaIK j,ska fmkS f.diawe;af;a" ffjrihg fmd,shqfrf;aka fyda rn¾ úksúo hd fkdfyk njhs' tysm%;sM,odhS nj ms<sn|j kHdhsl mokula o we;af;ah' ffjrih /f.k hkY=l%dKq fyda fhdaks ;r< .Eùu fldkavu j,ska j<lajkq ,efí' jix.;úoHd;aul m¾fhaIK úiska" fldkavu Ndú; lrk wh;a fldkavu Ndú;fkdlrk wh;a w;r wdidOk m%udKh ixikaokd;aulj mrSlaId fldg we;af;ah'bka wkdjrKh ù ;sfnkafka" tÉwhsù wdidOkfhka wdrlaIdjkakg fldkavuúiska m%n, f,i Wmldr lrk njhs' wjidk jYfhka ie,lSfïoS tÉwhsùwdidOk m%udKh b;d fndfyda fia wvq fldg .kakd ,o n%iS,h" ;dhs,ka;h iywefursld tlai;a ckmo rdcHh jeks foaYhkays" fndaùfï fõ.h wvq lsrSu m%n,f,iu iïnkaOù ;sfnkafka fldkavu Ndú;h wêlùfï m%jk;dj yd iuÕh'

tÉwhsù fndaùuj<lajd,kqmsKsi jdrl

fldmqw;sYhskau

m%;sM,odhSh'

tÉwhsù fndaùu j<lajd,Sfï,d fldkavu fldmuK m%;sM,odhSo@tÉwhsù fndaùu j<lajd,SfïoS fldkavu w;sYhskau m%;sM,odhS hehs b;d úYd, idlaIsiïNdrhla úiska fmkajdoS we;af;ah' tÉwhsù j<lajkakg Tn i;= Yla;sh ms<sn| b;dby< uÜgfï úYajdihla" ksjerÈ wdldrfhka fkdlvjd fldkavu Ndú; lsrSfuka Tng,efnkafkah'

j<lajd,Sfï l%uj,ska iShg iShlau id¾:l jk ;eka b;d wvqh' fldkavuh we;eïúfgl ,siaid hkafkah' ke;akï bfrkafkah' jdikdjg fuka" tjeks foa isÿjkafkab|ysghs' h,a mek.sh" fkdtfiakï whym;a f,i ksIamdos;" tfia;a ke;akï kqiqÿiqf,i .nvd fldg ;nk ,o fldkavu" fjfiiskau bfrk iq¿h' w;afidaok ksIamdokj¾. fyda fmfg%d,shï fc,s jeks f;,a mokï iys; ksIamdok ksid;a" rn¾ mqreIfldkavu j,g ydks isÿúh yelsh' ta ksid mqreI fldkavuhla iys;j ,sx.sl ixi¾.fhafhoSfïoS yqfola c,h mokïfldg .;a ,sysis úfYaIhla muKla Ndú; l< hq;=fõ'

idudkH jYfhka kï isÿjkafka" kshu lrk ,o wdldrhg fldkavu Ndú; fkdlf,akï" tajd ksIaM, ùuhs' fldkavu melÜgqjla o;aj,ska fyda l;=frka fyda msysfhka újD;lrk ,o kï" ta fya;=fldgf.k wm fkdoekqj;aju fldkavuh bfrkakg bv we;af;ah'ixi¾.h wdrïN lrk fudfydf;a mgkau fldkavuh Ndú; lsrSu jgfkah' th Ndú;l< hq;af;a Y=l% fudapkhg hka;ï biair fkdfõ' tfia uq, isg Ndú; lsrSu ksid"wdidOkhg fya;= ldrl úh yels jk mrsos fudapkhg fmr ksl=;ajk ;r<h fyda fhdaks;r<h fyda .Eùu j<lajd.; yelsfõ' mqoa.,hd fldkavu Ndú;h i|yd mqreÿ jkakgjkakg" fldkavu Ndú;fha m%;sM,odhS nj jeäjk nj m¾fhaIKj,ska m%ldY fõ'fldkavu .ek ksjerÈ f;dr;=re ,nd.ekSu;a" fldkavu ksjerÈ f,i Ndú; lrkakgmqoa.,hka i;= Yla;sh oshqKq lsrSu;a" tÉwhsù j<lajd .ekSu m%;sM,odhS f,i lrf.khEfï jHdmD;shg we;=¿jkafka fï ksidh' ia;%S mqreI fldkavu foj¾.hu ms<sn|jm%dfhda.sl f,i lreKq lshdoSulg iyNd.sjkakg tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfhakshqla;hka jYfhka wmg whs;shla we;af;ah'

fldkavu Ndú;h" tÉwhsù fndaùu j<lajd,SfïoS w;sYhskau m%;s,odhSh' ,sx.slixi¾.h fndfydaúg ie,iqï úrys;j flfrkakla fyhska" wjYH jqjfyd;a Ndú; lrkqmsKsi yeuúgu fldkavuhla /f.k hEu fyd| woyils' Tng ia:sr iyldrfhla fydaiyldrshla isà kï" hqj,la jYfhka Tn" tÉwhsù wjodku wvqfldg .kakg woyialrk wdldrh .ek l;dny l< hq;=fõ'

fldmq Ndú;lsrSfïoS WÑ;,sysis fhdod.kakg u;l;nd.kak'


23


fyd|u l%uh kï" fldkavuh Ndú; lrkakg hqj<la úiska t<fUk ;SrKh"idlÉPdj, m%;sM,hla ùuhs' fldkavuh Ndú; lsrSfï fyd| m%;sM, .ek hqj<idlÉPd lr;s' bka yg.; yels m%Yak yd thg we;s úfrdaO;d mrSlaId lr;s' bkamiqj Tjqyq" fofokdgu ;Dma;sodhl l%uhla .ek tlÕ;ajhg t<fU;s' we;eï úfgl"ta hqjf<ka tla wfhl= fldkavu Ndú;h .ek tlÕ;ajhg m;aùfï n,fhka f;drúhyelsh' kso¾Ykhla fufiah' fldkavuhla Ndú; lrkakg ish ieñhdg fydaiyldrhdg lshd isákakg wmyiq jQ nj fndfyda ldka;dfjda jd¾;d lr;s'

uf.a iylre$iyldrsh iuÕ tÉwhsù j<lajd,Su .ek l;dny lrkafkaflfiao@ tÉwhsù j<lajd,Su .ek iyldrfhl= fyda iyldrshl iuÕ l;dny mgka .ekSfïtla zksjerÈZ l%uhla ke;af;ah' wm fï f;audjg t<fUk wdldrh r|d mj;afka"iïnkaO;djfha iajNdjhg wkqj fukau" fï m%Yakhg wod< fofokdf.a fm!reI;ajhgwkqj;ah' ,sx.sl;ajh .ek l;d-ny lsrSu fndfyda fokdg wmyiq lreKls'iyldrhd fyda iyldrsh;a" fmïj;d fyda fmïj;sh;a jeks oS¾>ld,Sk ,sx.sl ys;j;=ka yd iuÕ tÉwhsù j<lajd .ekSu .ekl;d-ny lrk úg" fldkavu Ndú;h jeks jdrl l%u .eklSfïoS" lemùu" úYAjdih yd yeÕSï fõ. nyq,yDohdx.u;djh .ek;a" l;d-ny fkdlru nersh'

tÉwhsù je<elaùu ms<sn|j" iyldrfhl= fydaiyldrshl iuÕ l;dny lsrSu;a wdo¾Yu;ah' ta .ekl;d-ny fkdfldg isáhdu" ta frda.h ke;sù hkafkake;' Tnf.a iyldrhd fyda iyldrsh iuÕ fï m%Yakh.ek idlÉPd lrk wdldrh" l,a we;sj ie,iqï fldg.kakg Tng wjYH jkafka úh yelshs' fuh l<hq;=wdldrh .ek ;SrKh fldg .kakg Tng wmyiq kï" tlai;acd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha fi!LHdrlaIdj i,ik flfkl= uÕska fydaish m%foaYfha taâia ixúOdkhla uÕska fyda WmfoaYk fidhkak'

os.= l,la tlaj isák hqj,j,a úiska hïlsis tÉwhsù wdY%s; m%Yakhla ksrdlrKhfldg .ekSfï fyd| uÕla kï tÉwhsù WmfoaY iy mrSlaIK i|yd tlg tlajhEuhs' tla tla iyldrhdf.a fyda iyldrshf.a tÉwhsù ;;ajh mrSlaIK j,skameyeos,s fõ' fï uÕska lreKq wjfndaOfldg .ekSfuka hqla;j ;ukag WÑ; f,itÉwhsù jdrl l%u ie,iqï fldg .kakg wdOdr iemfha' Bg w;sf¾l jYfhkam<mqreÿ WmfoaYljrfhl= úiskao" f;dr;=re iïmdokh l< yelsh' m%Yakj,gms<s;=re osh yelsh' iyldr-iyldrshkaf.a ,sx.sl p¾hd .ek idlÉPd lsrSfï .;shoshqKq l< yelsh'

ud ksh; jYfhkau tÉwhsù iys; kï" ;j;a tÉwhsù iys;mqoa.,fhl= iuÕ wkdrlaIs; ixi¾.fhys fhoSu wdrlaId iy.;o@ke;' tjeks ;ekloS ksh;jYfhkau tÉwhsù iys; wfhl=g ;j;a tÉwhsùúfYaIhlska wdidê; jkakg bv we;af;ah' jvd;a úI iys; ffjri úfYaIhlafndafldg .ekSfuka fyda oekg ;sfnk m%;sldr l%uj,ska md,kh fldg .; fkdfykffjri j¾.hla fndafldg .ekSfuka fyda" m%;sM,odhS f,i m%;sldr lsrSu wmyiq fjhs'tfiau" frda.h jvd;a YS>% f,i jefvkakg;a fya;= jkafkah' fï fya;=fldgf.k"ksh;jYfhkau tÉwhsù iys; wh" ixi¾.fha oS yeuúgu fldkavu Ndú; lsrSfuka;ukaf.a iyldrhdf.a fyda iyldrshf.a wdrlaIdj i,id .; hq;=fõ'

tÉwhsùj,lajd.ekSu.ek wmf.aiyldrhd$iyldrsh yd

iuÕ l;d lsrSujgfkah' ta .ekl;d fkdlsrSuksid tÉwhsùke;sù hkafka

ke;'

mrSlaIK ksidish

iyldrhdg$iyldrshg;a

tÉwhsù ;;ajhmeyeos,s fõ'

fï ksidhqj<lgTjqkaf.au

oekqfuka hqla;jtÉwhsù

j<lajd,Sfï l%ubosrsm;a l<

yelsfõ'


24

,sx.slj fndajk wdidOkj,ska isÿjk wjodku" fldkavu Ndú;h ksid fndfyda fiawvq jkafkah' fldkavufhka" ksis m%foaYh wdjrKh fkdjkafka kï" ,sx.slj fndajkwe;eï wdidOk" fjfiiskau ,sx.dY%s; WK fndalrk wdidOk" j<lajd,sh fkdfya'

,sÕ=fjka fyda fhdaksfhka isÿjk wiajdNdúl .,kh" uq;% lsrSfïoS we;sjk oeú,a, fydafõokdj" ,sx.dY%s;j fyda uqjjgd we;sjk ;=jd, fyda ìì,s wdosh ,sx.dY%s;j fndajkwdidOkhl ,l=Kq w;r fj;s' ,sx.dY%s; wdidOkh ksid ldka;djkaf.a wiajdNdúl f,a.e,Sï isÿúh yelshs' ^fuh Tima pl%fhka fjkia jQjls&' tfukau ixi¾.fha oS fhdaksfhafõokd;a yg.; yelsh'

Tng ,sx.dY%s; wdidOkhla we;ehs Tng isf;kafka kï" Tn frda. úksYaphlg ,laù"fkdmudj m%;sldr ,o hq;=fõ' tÉwhsù i|yd m%;sldrhla fkdue;' tfy;a" ,sx.dY%s;wdidOkhkaf.ka fndfyduhla b;d ir, m%;sldrj,ska iqjl< yelsfõ' fï m%;sldr úiskafrda.h uq¨ukskau iqj flf¾' tmuKla fkdfõ' ta ;eke;a;dg bkamiqj fjk wka wfhl=gfrda.h fnda l< fkdyel'

Tng ,sx.dY%s; wdidOkhla je<|S ;sfíkï" uq,oS Tng ,ecacdjla we;súh yelshs'tfukau id;a;= fiaúldjla fyda ffjoHjrfhl= yuqùfuka j<lskakg o Tng isf;kq we;'f.oroS" ieliys; w;afí;a Ndú; lrkakgo Tn fm<fUkakg bv ;sfí' idmamqfjkamyiqfjka ,o yels fí;a j¾. .kakgo Tn fm<fUkafka úh yelsh' ta fí;a Tng je<|S;sfnk ,sx.dY%s; wdidOkhg ksis m%;sldrh fkdjkakg;a bv we;af;ah' tfia ke;akï"m%;scSùka .ek Tnf.a ys;j;=kaf.ka úuikafka;a úh yelshs' Tn ia:srju tjeks uÕla

fkd.; hq;=fõ' jeros m%;sldr ksid isÿjkafka ,sx.dY%s; wdidOkh ;j;j;a ne?reïùu muKs' tmuKla fkdfõ' tjeks m%;sldr ksid fiiq Ñls;ail l%u m%;sM,odhS

fkdjkakg;a bv we;af;ah' ,sx.dY%s; wdidOkhla ;sfnk úg m%;sldr ,nd.kakghEu" yqfola wd;au f.!rjh ms<sn| m%Yakhla muKla fkdfõ' th Tn úiskaTnf.a ,sx.sl iyldrhkag fyda iyldrshg olajk f.!rjh ms<sìUq lrkakl=;afõ' Tn ,sx.dY%s; wdidOkhlska fmf<kafka kï" Tn úiska Tnf.a iyldrhdg

fyda iyldrshg ta nj oekqï osh hq;=fõ' oekqï oS Tyqg fyda wehg m%;sldr.kakehs wjjdo l< hq;=fõ'ljrdldrfhl ,sx.dY%s; wdidOkhla i|yd jqjo" wm yeu fokdu fkdmudj m%;sldr

.ekSu wjYH jk" ;j;a jeo.;a fya;=jla we;af;ah' ta fya;=j kï" m%;sldr fkdlrk ,o,sx.dY%s; wdidOk ksid" tÉwhsù fndaùfï wjodku fndfyda fia wêlùuhs'

ud úiska is; fhduq l< hq;=" ,sx.slj fndajk fiiq wdidOk ;sfío@;sfí' tÉwhsù yereKq úg" ,sx.sl ixi¾.h uÕska fndajk fiiq wdidOk j¾.oyhlg;a" fod<ylg;a jvd we;af;ah' tajd ksid wmyiqNdjhg;a jvd jeä foa yg.kS'ldka;d j| njg m%Odk fya;=j tajdh' ta i|yd ksis m%;sldr fkdlrk ,o kï" .¾NKSwjia:djkaysoS fukau w¨;ska Wmka orejdg o ixlS¾K fi!LH m%Yak Woa.; fõ' ,sx.slixi¾.h ksid fndajk memsf,daud ffjrih ^tÉmSù& úiska .eí f.< ms<sld we;sl<yelsh'

,sx.slj nyq, jYfhka fndajk wdidOk

,sx.slj fndajk úúO j¾.fha wdidOk lsysmhla we;af;ah' f.dfkdarshd ^iqoìxÿu& pe,hsähd jeks we;eï frda." tÉwhsù fukau Y=l% uÕska fyda fhdaks ;r<uÕska fndajkafkah' is*s,sia ^WmoxY& ,sx.dY%s; y¾mSia iy jekafl%dhsâ ^jexfldrs&jeks ,sx.slj fndajk wdidOk ksid ,sx.dY%s; WK we;súh yelshs' fïjd ifukaiu iam¾Yhùu ksid fndajkafkah' wdidê; ,sx.sl p¾uh yd iam¾Yùfuka tÉmSùfndaúh yelsh' ,sx.dY%s; we;eï wdidOk" frda. ,laIK j,ska f;drj isÿúhyelsh' fuh fjfiiskau isÿúh yelafla ldka;djkag iy nd,sldjkaghs' Tjqka,sx.sl l%shdldrslïj, fhfokafka kï" Tjqka id;a;= fiaúldjla fydaffjoHjrfhl= uÕska" ,sx.slj fndajk wdidOk ms<sn|j mrSlaId lrjd.; hq;=fõ'

orejkag ,sx.slm%Yak tÉwhsù$

taâia .eklshd osh hq;=

wdldrh olajkúYsIag

uQ,dY% lsysmhlahQtkataâia fjí

wvúfhka ,o yel'(http://unworkplace.

unaids.orgl).


25


m%;sldrfkdlrk ,o

,sx.dY%s;wdidOk"

tÉwhsù fndaùfïwka;rdh

fndfyda fiajeälrkafkah'Tng ,sx.dY%s;wdidOkhla

je<|S ;sfíkïTn mrSlaIdjg,laù fkdmudjm%;sldr ,nd.;

hq;=fõ'

,sx.dY%s;j fndajk wdidOk iy tÉwhsù fndaùu

m%;sldr fkdlrk ,o" ,sx.dY%s;j fndajk wdidOk ksid" tÉwhsù wdidê;fkdjQjkao ta wdidOkhg f.dÿreùfï bvlv nyq, nj idlaIsj,ska oelafjhs'tfukau" tÉwhsù wdidê; wh" ta ffjrih wkHhkago fnda lrkafkah' m%;sldrfkdlrk ,o ,sx.dY%s; wdidOkhla ;sîu ksid" tÉwhsù fndaùug we;s bvlv"lsysm .=Khlska jeäjk nj m¾fhaIKj,ska fmkS f.dia we;af;ah' ta ksid",sx.dY%s; wdidOkhkg b;d blauKska m%;sM,odhS m%;sldr ,ndoSu" tÉwhsùj<lajd,Sfï l%shdj,sfhys w;HjYH wx.hls'

tÉwhsù iy taâia .ek ud úiska uf.a orejkag lshdosh hq;af;a flfiao@ ,sx.sl;ajh ms<sn|j orejkaf.a wOHdmkh wdrïN jkafka b;d l=vd jhfia isghs' l=vdorejka Tjqfkdjqkaf.a ,sx. ixikaokh lsrSfï l%shdj,sh" ,sx.sl;ajh ms<sn|j mj;akdiajdNdúl l=;=y,h ms<sìUq lrkakls' wo f,dalfha fndfyda rgj, jefvk orefjda",sx.sl rEm yd f;dr;=re iïNdrhlg f.dÿre fj;s' tajd ,efnkafka rEmjdysksfhka" Ñ;%mgj,ska" wka;¾cd,fhka iy Tjqkaf.a iujhialhkaf.ks'

taâia iys; f,dalhl" ,sx.sl l%shd wdY%s; wjodku ms<sno orejkag ksjerosf;dr;=re ,eîu w;HjYHh' m%YakldrS wjia:djkaysoS ksjeros" fi!LHhg ys;e;s foaf;dard .kakg Tjqka yev.iajk idrO¾uj,ska yd fl!Y,H;dj,ska Tjqka ikakoaO l<hq;=fõ'

m%n, úoHd;aul idOl u; mokï jQ úg" udkj ,sx.sl;ajh;a tÉwhsù wdidOkh;ams<sn|j mD:q, jQ;a mdie,a mokï fldg .;a;djQ;a wOHdmkhla úiska orejkag" ishcSú; fírd.ekSfï Yla;sh iys; f;dr;=re ,o yelsfõ' tfiau tjeks wOHdmkhlaúiska orejkag ,sx.sl;ajh yd wdY%s; idrO¾u meyeos,s fldg .kakgo wjia:djlaiïmdokh fõ' mdief,ka iemfhk fyd| j.lSï iys; ,sx.sl wOHdmkhlaksid" orefjda nd, jhfiaoS ,sx.sl l%shdj, fhfokakg fyda kej; kej;;a,sx.sl l%shdj, fhfokakg fyda fkdfm<fU;s' fuh fndfyda foudmshka ;=<we;s NS;shg yd;amiskau fjkiah' Tn mdie,a hk jhfia orefjl=f.a ujlfyda msfhl= kï" Tnf.a orejdf.a mdief,a ,sx.sl wOHdmk m%;sm;a;sh .ekTn úiska lreKq úuish hq;=fõ' tfiau mdie, úiska by< .=Kd;aul;;ajhl ,sx.sl wOHdmkhla imhk ;ekg Tn úiska lghq;= l< yel'

foudmshka úiska orejkag tÉwhsù iy taâia .ek lshd osh hq;=;a fõ'orejka udOHj,ska iy ;ukaf.a iu jhialhkaf.ka o ,sx.sl;ajh .ekWf.k .kakd jeros f;dr;=re fyda úlD;s rEmj,g mgyeksj l%shd lrkakgb;du fyd| ;ekl bkafka foudmshka jk wmshs' ,sx.sl j.lSï iy wd;auf.!rjh ms<sn| yr moaO;s orejkaf.a is;g we;=¿ lrjkakg b;du fyd|ia:dkh;a f.orhs'

wfma orejka yd iuÕ ,sx.sl lreKq idlÉPd lsrSu fndfydaúg wNsfhda.hls'Tnf.a orejka yd iuÕ l;dnfyaoS ,sx.sl;ajh ms<sn| ud;Dldj biau;= lsrSu TnglrorldrS kï" Tng .=rejrekaf.ka" úYajdijka; ys;j;=kaf.ka" kEoEhkaf.ka iyfi!LH fiajdjkays kshqla;jQjkaf.ka iydh ,o yelshs' iuyr taâia fiajd wdh;kúiska orejkag taâia wOHdmkh imhkafka úh yelshs' orejka yd iuÕ l;d-nylsrSfï l%fudamdhhka ms<sn|j idlÉPd lrkq msKsi foudmshka w;r idlÉPd"úfYaIdh;k úiska ixúOdkh l< hq;= hehs tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh fhdackdlrkafkah' iuyr rgj," kj fhdjqkaúfha orejkag tÉwhsù$taâia ms<sn|j jeämqrW.ekaùu i|yd tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska úfYaI ieisjdr mjd ixúOdk fldgwe;af;ah' tfia jqjo" Tn Tnf.a orejka yd iuÕ ,sx.sl m%Yak idlÉPd lrkakg

,sx.sl;ajh ydwdY%s;

wka;rdhhkams<sn|j ksjro

f;dr;=reorejkagwjYHh'

foudmshka úiskaorejkag tÉwhsùiy taâia .eklshd osh hq;=fõ'


26

;SrKh lrkafka kï" Tn wjHdcjkakg iQodkï úh hq;=h' wúksYaÑ;;djh ms<s.kakgiQodkï úh hq;=h' orejkaf.a fm!oa.,sl;ajhg .re lrkakg mqreÿ úh hq;=h'

orejkag ,sx.sl lreKq" tÉwhsù iy taâia ms<sn| lreKq;a W.ekaùu i|yd úYsIaguQ,dY% úY, ixLHdjla hQtkataâia fjí wvúfha we;af;ah'

(http://unworkplace.unaids,org/).

reêrhg ksrdjrKhùu

tÉwhsù wvx.= reêr mdrú,hkhlg f.dÿreùu ud úiska j<lajd .;yelafla fldiao@

wo f,dalfha fndfyda fmfoiaj, ^ish¨u rgj, fkdfõ& reêrfhys tÉwhsùm%;scSùka weoaoehs mrSlaIdfldg n,kq ,efí' reêrh mrSlaId fldg ne,SfïoStÉwhsù wdidOkhg ,lajQ reêr tallhka" iïmdos; reêr .nvdfjka fjkafldg ;efnkafkah' reêrfhka tÉwhsù fndaùu fï fya;=fldgf.k iyuq,skaumdfya je<fla' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfhys kshqla;hka jYfhka" ta tam%foaYhkays wdrlaIs; reêrh ,nd.; yels ia:dk .ek f;dr;=reoek.ekSug" wmg whs;shla we;af;ah' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ffjoHfiajh uÕska fyda tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh yd noaO fi!LH fiajdiïmdolfhl= uÕska fyda id;a;=j ,nk wjia:djloS wm reêrmdrú,hkhlg Ndckù kï" ta reêrh wdrlaIs; nj iy;sl lrkakg yeum%h;akhlau ork ,o nj .ek wmg úYajdih ;eìh yelsh'

wjdikdjlg fuka" f,dalfha we;eï fmfoiaj," reêrh yeuúgumrSlaId flfrkafka fkdfõ' fjfiiskau" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh ydiuÕ noaOj fkdue;s fi!LH fiajd iïmdolfhl= úiska iemfhk reêr

mdrú,hkhla Tn úiska ,nk ,o kï" tÉwhsù wdidOkhg fyda fjk wkslareêrjdyl frda.hlg f.dÿreùfï wjodku ;sfnkakg bv we;af;ah'

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfhys kshqla;lfhl= jYfhka" ud fiajfha fhoSisáhoS" tÉwhsù wdidê; reêrhg f.dÿreùfuka ug je<lS isáh yelafla

flfiao@tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha kshqla;fhda" fjk wfhl=f.a reêrhg ksrdjrKhùug bvie,fik fndfyda rdcldrsj, fhfo;s' uyuÕ yosis wk;=re" f.or-fodrj, yosiswk;=re" rdcldrsj, fhoS isák wjia:dfõ wk;=re wdoshg Tjqyq uqyqK md;s' fïjdyqfola Tjqkaf.a fi!LHhg isÿjk wka;rdhhka muKla fkdfõ" tuksid reêrhgksrdjrKhùugo bv we;af;ah'

tÉwhsù ms<sn|j úis jilg;a wêl ld, mßÉfþohla uq¨,af,a ,nk ,o" w;aoelSïj,ska wmg oek.; yelsj ;sfnk wdldrhg" jdikdjlg fuka" fï ffjrih flfkl=gfnda lsrSu wmyiqh' ksremøs; iu ;=<ska tÉwhsù heúh fkdyels fyhska" wmwdrlaIdùfï m%:u mshjr kï" reêrh ffjrihg ksrdjrKhùug ;=vqfok yosis wk;=rej,ska fírS isàuh' kso¾Ykhla jYfhka olajf;d;a" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha zmsrsiam%;sm;a;sZ kï m%ldYkfhys biau;= fldg oelafjkafka" uyuÕ wk;=re j<lajd,Suhs'tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ksfhdacs;fhda;a tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ks, r:j,.uka lrk fiiafida;a yeuúgu wdik má ne| isáh hq;= fj;shs kshu fldg we;af;ah'

wk;=re isÿjQúg wkq.ukh l< hq;= fyd|u l%uh kï i¾jidOdrK wdrlaIlm%;sm;a;s ms<smeoSuhs' fï l%fudamdhfhysoS ms<s.kq ,nkafka yefudau wdidê;hka úh yelsnjhs' wdidOkh" tÉwhsù fyda reêrh uÕska fndajk fix.ud,h jeks fyda frda.hla úhyelsh' ljrdldrfhlska fyda reêrhg ksrdjrKhùu wdrlaIs;hehs i<lkq fkd,efí'

mdrú,hkfhka,efnk reêrhwdrlaIs; njg

tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkfhaffjoH fiajd

j. n,d .ks;s'f,dalfha we;eï

fmfoiaj,reêrh yeuúgu

mrSlaIdfkdflf¾'


27


ta i¾jidOdrK - yeu;eklgu" yefudagu fmdÿ wdrlaIl úê úOdk wkq.ukhlsrSu i|yd l,a we;sj ie,iqï l< hq;=fõ' l,a we;sj iQodkï úh hq;=fõ' tlai;acd;Skaf.a yeu fiajd ia:dkhl;a" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a yeu fudag¾ r:hl;a tlai;acd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha m%:udOdr lÜg, we;af;ah' ta lÜg,hg w;ajeiqïo wh;ah' ;j;awfhl=f.a f,a iam¾Y lrkakg fmr" újD; ;=jd,hla iam¾Y lrkakg fmr" ta w;ajeiqïme<|.; hq;=fõ' m%:udOdr lÜg,j, mú;%ldrlhlao we;af;ah' ta mú;%ldrlh c,hyd iuÕ ñY%fldg" je.srS ;sfnk f,a fyda fiiq ldhsl Y%dj j¾. fyda msrsisÿ l<yelsh' fiajdia:dkfhaoS fukau f.or-fodroS;a yosis wk;=re isÿúh yels fyhska"myiqfjka .; yels m%:udOdr lÜg,hla f.or;a ;nd.; hq;=h'

i¾jidOdrKwdrlaIl úêúOdkj,oSwkqudk

flfrkafkayefudau

wdidê;hkaùug bv we;s

njh'

i¾jidOdrK wdrlaIl úêúOdk

i¾jidOdrK wdrlaIl úê úOdk ilia ù ;sfnkafka" ish¨ ldhsl ;r<hkays tÉwhsù fyda f,aj,ska fndajk fiiq frda. wvx.= úh yels hehs lshk ks.ukh mokï fldgf.khs' i¾jidOdrK wdrlaIl úê úOdk wkq.ukh lsrSfïoS" wm úiska ms<smeosh hq;= we;eï kS;s-rS;s fufiah'

• lemqï wdjrKh l< hq;=h' ifuys lemqï fyda újD; ;=jd, ;sfíkï tajdma,diaála fj¿ï máhlska wdjrKh l< hq;=fõ'

• Tnf.a w;a fidaod .kak' f,a fyda fjk wksla ldhsl Y%djhka iam¾Y lsrSfukamiqj" WKqj;=r iy inka Ndú; fldg w;a fidaod .; hq;=fõ' th l< hq;af;akdk ldurhg f.dia wdydr mdk iQodkï lrkakg fyda wdydr-mdk .ekSugfmrh' th l<hq;af;a rn¾ w;ajeiqï .e,ùfuka miqjhs'

• mú;% lsrSu' je.srekq f,a iy ldhsl Y%djhka mú;% l< hq;af;a f.or Ndú;jk mú;%ldrl fldgia tllg" c,h fldgia 9la fhdod idod .kakd ,oñY%Kfhks' lvodis ;=jd Ndú; fldg tajd bj;,sh hq;=fõ' tajd bj;,sh hq;=jkafka ma,diaála nE.hl oeófuks' mú;% lsrSfï fhoS isák úg" rn¾w;ajeiqï me<| isákakg u;l ;nd.; hq;=h'

• w;ajeiqï m<|skak' w;ajeiqï jrla Ndú; fldg tajd ma,diaála nE.hl oudbj;,sh hq;=h' w;a jeiqï fjkqjg" wjYH kï l=vd ma,diaála nE.a Ndú; l<yelsh' w;ajeiqï jvd;a fyd|hehs iïu; flfrk w;r" wm ish¨fokdúiskau yeuúgu u;l ;n.; hq;= jkafka ksremøs; iu b;du fyd| tÉwhsùjdrlhla njhs' ulaksidoh;a" újD; ;=jd,hla ke;súg" ffjrihg iu úksúohd fkdfyk fyhsks' ifï f,a ;ejreKfyd;a" wm úiska yels ;rï blauKskath inka j,ska iy WKq j;=frka fidaod yersh hq;=fõ'

• fros fidaokak' ls<sá foa" uqød ;nk ,o ma,diaála nE.aj, ;ekam;a fldg;nkak' ls<sá fros inka iys; WKqj;=frka" fjk fjku fidaod WKqúh,khlska fõ,d .kak' ke;akï th v%hsla,Ska l%ufhka úh,kak'

• l=Kq bj;a lsrSu' wdidê; øjH fyda Ndú; lrk ,o tkak;a lgq wvx.= l=Kqbj;a lsrSfïoS mfriaiï úh hq;=hs' f,a fyda fjk ldhsl Y%djhla iys; foaj,abj;a lsrSfïoS tajd uqød ;nk ,o ma,diaála nE.hl oud bj; oukak'


28

yosis wk;=re´kEu fõ,djl yosis wk;=re isÿúh yelsh' ta ksid wm úiska yeuúglu" wmf.a ku"f,a j¾.h" oekaúh hq;= wfhl=f.a ku" ÿrl:k wxlh iy wmf.a fi!LH rlaIKwdh;kfha ÿrl:k wxlh o wvx.= ldâm;la /f.k hd hq;=fõ' tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkfha wdrlaIl fiajfha ÿrl:k wxlho" ta ldâmf;a wvx.= úh hq;=h' ^fmd;amsxfpys wjfndaOk ldâm;la we;=<;a fõ' th fmdf;ka .,jdf.k" ksis f,i mqrjdyeuúgu Tn fj; ;nd.kak'& wdOdr b,a,d hful= weu;Sug isÿjQfha kï Ndú; l<yelsjkq msKsi" cx.u ÿrl:khla" ÿrl:k ldâm;la fyda m%isoaO ÿrl:khla Ndú;lsrSu i|yd wjYH udre ldis;a /f.k hkak'

ud ,sx.sl w;jrhlg ,lajqjfyd;a l< hq;af;a l=ulao@,sx.sl w;jrhlg Ndckùfï wjodku wjdikdjlg fuka" f,dj mqrd mj;akd h:d;;a;ajhhs' Tn ,sx.sl w;jrhlg ,lajQfha kï" Tn tÉwhsù wdidOkhg f.dÿrejkakgo bv we;af;ah'

fiajfha fhoS isáhoS ud tÉwhsù wdidOkhg f.dÿre jQfha hehs ud úYajdilrkafka kï" ud úiska l< hq;af;a l=ulao@fiajh yd iïnkaO wk;=rlska fyda ,sx.sl w;jrhlska fyda" Tn tÉwhsù wdidOkhgf.dÿreù hehs Tn úYajdi lrkafka kï" fkdmudju Tn tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ffjoHfiajhlg oekqï osh hq;=fõ' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh yd iïnkaO wdh;k msysáyeu rglu zwdidOkhg f.dÿreùfuka miqj Ndú; lrk ksjdrKZ (Post-ExposureProphylaxis-PEP) lÜg, imhd we;af;ah' fïjd" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha

m%;sldrl ffjoHjrhdf.ka wdrlaIl ks,Odrshdf.ka" tlai;acd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha kshqla;hkag fyda Tjqkaf.a mjq,aj,

whg ,nd.; yelshs' mSBmS hkq yosis wk;=rlska tÉwhsùwdidOkhg f.dÿre jQjkag imhkq ,nk yosis ffjoHm%;sldr l%uhls' ta yosis wk;=r" yosisfha tÉwhsùwdidOkhg f.dÿreùu fyda" fiajh yd iïnkaOwk;=rlg Ndckùu fyda ,sx.sl w;jrhlg ,laùufyda úh yelsh' fï mSBmS m%;sldr l%uh" tÉwhsù

wdidOkhg f.dÿreùfuka meh tllg;a" follg;aw;r ld,hloS ,nd.ekSu iqÿiqh' flfia fyda meh

48lg;a-72lg;a fmr ta m%;sldr wdrïN úh hq;=h' ,o yelsiSñ; o;a; j,ska meyeos,s jk wdldrhg m%;sldr wdrïNùu

blauka jQ ;rug m%;sM, jvd;a fyd|fõ' tjeks f.dÿreùulg fmr" yeufiajdia:dkhloSu l<hq;= fyd| fohla kï" mSBmS lÜg, ,nd.kafka flfiaoehs fiùuh'

l%Svdj, fyda fiiq lghq;=j, fhoS isák úg ud tÉwhsù wdidOkhg f.dÿreúh yelso@l%Svdjkays fhoS isáhoS tÉwhsù wdidOkhg f.dÿre jQ wjia:d" lsis úfgl;a igykaùfkdue;' újD; ;=jd,hla we;sjQ úg fyda f,a .e,Sula we;sjQ úg" yeu;ekgu idOdrKwdrlaIl úê úOdk l%shdfõ fhoúh hq;=fõ' ta fufiah' ;=jd,h msrsisÿ lrkak'úIîckdYl Ndú;d lrkak' ;=jd,h wdjrKh lrkak' wm fyda wmf.a mjq,aj, nd,wh fyda iu úksúo hk" ffjoH fkdjk l%shd lrk l,ays" isrer úoSu fyda mÉp flàujeks l%shd lrk l,ays wm Ndú; lrk WmlrK úIîcdkqyrKh lrk ,o tajd jk;ekg j. n,d.; hq;=fõ' tÉwhsù fnda lsrSu wmyiqh' tfy;a" fujeks l%shdmoaO;sj,oS Ndú; lrkq ,nk WmlrK ksid ;rul wjodkula yg.; yelsh'tfiajkafka" tajd tla flfkl=g jeä ixLHdjla úiska Ndú; l<fyd;sks' fkdtfiakïtajd úIîcdkqyrKfhka f;drj Ndú; l<fyd;sks' fyd|u l%uh kï tkak;a lgq tlajrla muKla Ndú; lsrSuhs'

Tn ,sx.slw;jrhlg

,lajQfha kï TntÉwhsù

wdidOkhgf.dÿrejkakg bvwe;af;ah' tlai;a

cd;Skaf.akshqla;lfhl=jYfhka TngmSBmS m%;sldrh

,nkakg whs;shlawe;af;ah'


29


tkak;a lgq Ndú;fha wdrlaIs; l%u

ud tkak;la ,nd.ekSu wdrlaIs;o@tkak;a i|yd Ndú;jk tkak;a lgq" isrskac fyda fiiq WmlrK wm lsisfjl= yd iuÕfnodf.k Ndú;l< hq;= fkdfõ' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ffjoH fiajdj,ska fydatlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh yd noaO fi!LH fiajd iïmdolfhl= fj;ska fyda wmffjoH fiajd ,nd.kafka kï" wmg úYajdifhkau iy;sl úh yelafla" ta wh úiskafí;a úoskakg Ndú; lrkq ,nk tkak;a WmlrK úIîcdkqyrKh lrk ,o tajd nj;a"tajdksid wm tÉwhsù wdidOkhg f.dÿre fkdjk nj;ah' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfhafi!LH fiajdj,ska neyer ;eklska wmg tkak;la ,nd.kakg isÿfõ kï" wm úiskaNdú; l< hq;af;a jrla Ndú; fldg bj;,k tkak;a lgq iy isrskachs' wm úiska tajdNdú; l< hq;af;a tlajrla muKs' fi!LH fiajd iïmdol ia:dk yeu tlla úiskau"wdrlaIs; tkak;a l%u l%shdfõ fhdojkafka ke;s ksid;a" úIîcdkqyrKh l< tkak;aWmlrK ñ,hg .ekSu wmyiqjk wjia:d we;s fyhskq;a" f,dal fi!LH ixúOdkh^ví,sõtÉ´& úiska tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha úfYaI wdh;kj,g imhkq ,nkffjoH lÜg,j, jrla Ndú;fldg bj;,sh yels isrskac iy tkak;a lgq wvx.= fõ'

úIîcdkqyrKh l< tkak;a WmlrK ,o fkdfyakï" fmros Ndú; lrk ,oisrskaciy tkak;a lgq WKqj;=frka ;ïnd fyda lsysm jdrhlau ^;=kajrla muK&fiaoSfuka miqj fyda" Ndú; lsrSfuka tÉwhsù wdidOkhg f.dÿreùfï wjodku wvqfldg.; yelsfõ' ta WmlrK fiaosh hq;af;a ier nd, fkdlrk ,o mú;% ldrl Ndú;fhks'tfia mú;% lsrSfuka miqj tajd ;=kajrla j;=frka fiaosh hq;=h' túg tajdfhaúIîcdkqyrKh isÿfõ' m¾fhaIK j,ska fy,sù ;sfnkafka tjeks l%u iShg iShlauid¾:l ke;s njhs' ta l%uh Ndú; l< hq;af;a" fjk wka fohla l< fkdfyk ;ekoSh'

u;aøjH weÕg tkak;a lrñka Ndú; lrk whg tÉwhsù wdidOkfhkawdrlaIdúh yelafla flfiao@w¨;ska tÉwhsù fndaùfï nyq,u fya;=j ,sx.sl ixi¾.hhs' tÉwhsù fndaùfï fojkm%Odk fya;=j kï u;aøjH weÕg tkak;a lr.ekSfï§ fjk;a úIúIîc iu. .egqkqtkak;a lgq iy isßkac Ndú;hhs'

u;aøjH weÕg tkak;a lr.ekSfuka tÉwhsù fndaùu j<lajd.ekSfï b;dum%;sM,odhS §¾>ld,Sk l%fudamdh kï u;aøjH Ndú;fhka je<lS mqkre;a:dmkh ùfïid¾:l jevigyklg iyNd.S ùuhs' tjeks m%;sldr i|yd hk úhoï tlai;a cd;Skaf.affjoH rlaIK l%uh uÕska imhkq ,efí' ,o yels m%;sldr l%u ms<sn|j lreKqoek.kakd msKsi Tn úiska tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh yd noaO ffjoH fiajdjka iuÕfyda tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh yd talanoaO fi!LHdrlaIl fiajd iïmdolfhl= iuÕfyda l;d-ny l< hq;=hehs wms wjjdo lruq'

u;aøjH Ndú;fhka je<lSfï mqkre;a:dmk ld¾hh id¾:l f,i iïmQ¾K lrkf;la tfukau iqjùu ia:djr jk f;la ta u;aøjH Ndú; lrk wh tÉwhsù ffjrihguqyqK mEfï wjia:d j<lajd .kakg mshjr .; hq;=fõ' u;aøjH weÕg tkak;alr.ekSfï l%shdj,sh mj;afka hehs i,lkq ,nk f,dalfha fndfyda fmfoia j, ta whu;aøjH weÕg tkak;a lr.ekSfï§ úIîcdKqyrKh lrk ,o WmlrK muKla Ndú;dlrk ;ekg iy;sl jkq msKsi tkak;a lgq fyda isßkac fnod§fï jevms<sfj,la l%shdfõfhfohs' tjeks jevms<sfj,la úiska u;aøjH Ndú;h jeälrkafka ke;sj tÉwhsùfndaùfï wjodku wvqlrkq ,efí'

fndaùugfya;=jk fojkm%n, lreK kï

fí;a úoSfïoSwmú;% tkak;algq fyda isrskac

Ndú;hhs'



30

tkak;a fkdlrk ,o uoHidrh fyda wd>%dKh lrk u;aøjH fyda" tÉwhsùfndaùug Wmldrfõ o@Tõ' uoHidrh ksid fyda tkak;a fkdflfrk u;aøjH ksid" Tn iDcqju fjk wkawfhl=f.a reêrhg ksrdjrKh fkdfõ' tfy;a" tajd ksid Tnf.a ;SrK .ekSfï Yla;shks;e;skau ÿ¾j, fjhs' ta ksid Tn fkdfhla wjodkï iys; foa lrkakg fm<fUhs'^fjfiiskau ixi¾.fha oS tfia isÿfõ'& Tn idudkHfhka fkd.kakd wjodkïldrS mshjr.kakg Tn fm<fUhs'

ujf.ka orejdg fndaùu

ujf.ka orejdg tÉwhsù fndaùu j<lajd,Su ms<sn| f;dr;=re i|yd" lreKdlr fï fmd;a msxfÉ B<. mßÉfþoh n,kak'

tÉwhsù wdidOkfhka wmj fírd.ekSu

• fï fmd;a msxfÉ fuu mßÉfþoh lshùfuka miqj" Tnj tÉwhsù wdidOkfhka wdrlaId úh yelswdldrh .ek Tn Wf.k .;af;a l=ulao@

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

• ia;%S-mqreI fomlaIfhau fldkavu Ndú; lrk wdldrh" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska fmkajdfokq ,nkafka hehs n,dfmdfrd;a;= úh yelafla ljodo@

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

• Tnf.a m%foaYfhys fldkavu ^ia;%S iy mqreI& ,nd.; yelafla fld;ekskao@

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________


31


• fiajd fya;= ksid reêrhg ksrdjrKh jqjfyd;a fkdtfiakï ,sx.sl w;jrhlg ,lajqjfyd;a" mSBmSwdOr i|yd Tn fhduqúh hq;af;a Tnf.a m%foaYfha ld fj;o@

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

• tÉwhsù je<elaùu ms<sn| Tnf.a fm!oa.,sl ie,eiafuys wvx.= iuyr woyia fudkjdo@

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

• w;sf¾l igyka

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

3mßÉfþoh

33

Ôj;ajkaktÉwhsù iys;j w¾:j;a f,i Ôj;ajkak

• wdOdr" f;dr;=re iy iydh me;sh hq;=fõ'

• wmf.a fi!LHh wdrlaIdfldg .; hq;=fõ'

• wmf.a ñ,-uqo,a ;;a;ajh wdrlaId fldg.; hq;=fõ'

• m%;sldr wjYH jQ úg wmf.a m%;sldr kHdh m;%h mfriaiñkawkq.ukh l< hq;=fõ'

• wkd.;h ie,iqï l< hq;=fõ'

• orejka úfYaIfhka wdrlaId fldg.; hq;=fõ'

• tÉwhsù$taâia ms<sn|j újD;j l;d lrñka" tÉwhsù iys;j fjfikwh we;=¿ kshqla;hka yefudaf.au whs;sjdislïj,g .re lrñka"fiajd ia:dkh idOdrK wdrlaIs; iy m%;sM,odhl ;ekla jkq msKsiwfmka bgqúh hq;= foa l< hq;=fõ'

tÉwhsù iys;j fi!LH iïmkakj fjfikqmsKsi Tn iy Tnf.a mjqf,a wh úiska(

34

ud tÉwhsù mrSlaIKhla l, hq;=o@tÉwhsù$taâia iys; f,dalhl" wm úiska wmf.a tÉwhsù ;;ajh oek isáh hq;=fõ'tÉwhsù wdidê;hka yels ;rïu blauKska mrSlaIKhg Ndckhùu jeo.;ah' túgwmf.a ffjoHjrhdg wmf.a fi!LH ;;ajh wëlaIKh l< yelsh' tuÕska b;dum%;sM,odhS wjia:dfõoSu Ñls;aidj wdrïN l< yelsfõ' tÉwhsù wdidOkhg ,la fkdjQwhg;a" mrSlaIKhg Ndckùfuka ish isf;a ìh yd lKiai,a, wvqfldg .; yelshs'tfiau" m<mqreÿ WmfoaYl úfYaI{fhl= uÕska" wmf.a tÉwhsù j<lajd .ekSfïfm!oa.,sl jev ms<sfj, wdrïN l< yelsfõ'

wmf.a mrSlaIK m%;sM, ryis.;j ;efí' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha kshqla;hkaiy Tjqkaf.a mjq,aj, wh;a iafõÉPdfjkau mrSlaIKhg ,laùfï woyi b;d by<ska

wkqu; flfrk kuq;a" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska tjeks mrSlaIKhlgfmkS isákakg n, fkdflfrhs' wmf.a tÉwhsù ;;a;ajh by< ks,Odrsfhl=gwkdjrKh lrkakg;a kshu fkdflfrhs' tfiau" ;ukaf.a iu kshqla;fhl=gj;ath wkdjrKh lrkakg kshu lrkq fkd,efí'

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh yd noaO ffjoH fiajd úiska" úYajdi lghq;=WmfoaYk iy mrSlaIK ia:dk f,aLkhla iïmdokh l< yels fjhs'

uE;la jkf;lau" tÉwhsù mrSlaIKhl m%;sM, ,nd.ekSu i|yd osk.Kkla n,d isáh hq;=úh' wo" ffjoH ia:dk fndfyduhl iy mrSlaIK

mj;ajk ia:dk fndfyduhl;a" fi!LH fiajd odhlfhda zlaIKsl mrSlaIKhZkue;s l%uhla wkq.ukh lr;s' fï uÕska" b;du úYajdiodhS m%;sM, úkdä .KkloS

,o yelsfõ'

uu tÉwhsù wdidOkfha wka;rdhg uQKmd isákafkñhs" uu lsisfia;afkdis;kafkñ' ud wka;rdhg ,laù ke;akï" ud mrSlaIKhg fmkS isáhhq;af;a wehs@Tn wdidOkfha wka;rdhg fldhs;rug Ndckhù isákafkaoehs oek.; yelafla Tn úiskaumuKs' tfia jqjo" tÉwhsù iys;j fjfik wh ms<sn|j lrk ,o m¾fhaIK j,skayeuúgu fmkS hkafka tÉwhsù iys;j" fjfik whf.ka fndfydafokd" ;ukaf.a wka;rdh.ek" mrSlaIKhg fmr oek fkdisá njhs' wm úiska wmf.a tÉwhsù ;;ajh .ek is;shhq;af;a reêr mSvkh fyda fldf,diagfrd,a .ek is;k wdldrfhks' wmf.a tÉwhsù ;;ajhwjfndaOfldgf.k isàu" yqfola wmf.a fi!LHh wdrlaIdfldg .ekSfï ;j;a tla l%uhlamuKs'

tÉwhsù mrSlaIKhg Ndckhjkakg ug nhhs' ud ksh; jYfhkau tÉwhsùwdidê;hehs oek.;fyd;a ud l,n,fõútÉwhsù mrSlaIKhg wm ljfrl= fyda Ndck jkafka kï thg ,lajQ m<uqjekakd ;udfkdjk nj oek.ekSfuka iykhla ,efnkafkah' tÉwhsù mrSlaIKhg fmkS isàu;rulg nh okjkakls' mrSlaIKhg fmr;a wmg tys m%;sM, ,enqKq úg;a wmg iydhjkakg iy ´kEu m%Yakhlg ms<s;=re imhkakg;a m<mqreÿ WmfoaYlfhl= isák nj;awm yeufokdu oek isáh hq;=fõ'

tÉwhsù mrSlaIKfhka ,efnk ´kEu m%;sM,hla yd iuÕ wmg cSj;aúh yels nju;lafldg .ekSu jgfkah' fï jix.;fha uq,a ld,fha oS frda. úksYaph" ta mrSlaIdjg,lajQ ;eke;a;dg Nhdkl jQfhah' tfy;a wo ta wdidOkh iys;j cSj;aúh yelsh'

mrSlaIKfha m%;sM, ,eîu .ek Tnf.a isf;a ;sfnk lKiai,af,a iy ìfha m%udKhgwkqj" Tng ys;jf;l= fyda wo/;sfhl= <Õ ;ndf.k isáh yelsh' m%;sM, ,enqKdgmiqj Tng ta wh yd iuÕ l;d ny l< yelsh' mrSlaIKfhka miqj Tng WmfoaYkimhk ;eke;a;d" Tnf.a ìh ÿre lrkakg;a" Tng fndfyda f;dr;=re ,nd fokakg;aieriS isáhs' Tnf.a ìh ksrdlrKh fldg .kakd msKsi Tng iydhjk cd,hla ;sîuTng Wmldrhls'

wms ish¨ fokdu

wmf.a tÉwhsù

;;ajh oek isáh

hq;= fjuq'

mrSlaIKhg ,laùu

ksid" lKiai,a,

wvqfõ' wmg"

m<mqreÿ

WmfoaYlfhl=f.a

iydhfhka wmf.a

fm!oa.,sl tÉwhsù

jdrl l%uh ilia

fldg .; yelsfõ'

Results


35

Ôj;ajkak( tÉwhsù iys;j w¾:j;a f,i Ôj;ajkak

ud ksh; jYfhkau tÉwhsù wdidê;hehs mrSlaIKfhka fy,sjqjfyd;a" ud ;ksfõoehs ug ìh isf;a' th we;a;o@wm ksh; jYfhkau tÉwhsù wdidê;hehs mrSlaIKfhka fy,sjqjfyd;a" wm lsisfjl=;ks úh hq;= fkdfõ' f,dalfha oY ,laI ixLHd; ckhd tÉwhsù wdidê;j fjfi;s'tfia jqjo" tÉwhsù wdidOkh ksid cSú;hg b;d m%n, wNsfhda. t,a, flfrkafkah'ksh; jYfhkau tÉwhsù wdidê;hehs mrSlaIKfhka fy,sjqKq wm ´kE flfkl= úiskais;sh hq;af;a" ish m%foaYfha taâia fiajd ixúOdkhlg fhduqùuhs' fkdtfiakï" wfmarfÜ tÉwhsù$taâia flakaøia:dkhg fhduqùuhs' ne|sh hq;= iydhl lKavdhula .ekwmg ta uÕska f;dr;=re ,nd.; yel' fiajd ia:dk úYd, ixLHdjl" tajdgu úfYaI jQiydhl lKavdhï we;af;ah' ta frda.h yd iuÕ fjfik fiiq wh yd iuÕ wmf.aw;aoelSï fnod-yod .ekSfuka wmg wmf.a ìh ;=kS fldg .; yelsfõ' tÉwhsùwdidOkhg uQKmdk w¨;a l%fudamdhhka W.; yelsfõ' tfuka" wm yd iudkwNsfhda.j,g uQKmdk wh yd iuÕ w¨;ska ñ;=relï we;sfldg .;yelshs'

Tnf.a rdcldrs ia:dkfhka neyer" tlai;a cd;Skaf.atÉwhsù$taâia WmfoaYlhl= yd iuÕ ryis.;j l;d-nylrkakg Tn leu;s kï" Tng ksõfhda¾lays" tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkfha ks,Odrs uKav,fha WmfoaYlhdf.a ld¾hd,hg fhduqúh yelsh' +1-212-963 - 4782

ud ksh; jYfhkau tÉwhsù wdidê; hehs mrSlaIKfhkafy,sjqjfyd;a" ug fjkialï lrkq ,nhso@ ug krlf,i i<lkq ,nhso@ uf.a tÉwhsù ;;ajh ryis.;j;nd.; yelso@ wm w;=frka tÉwhsù wdidê;j isák whg" wmf.a tÉwhsù ;;ajh ms<sn|;jfll=g lsj hq;=o lsj hq;= kï ta fldhs fõ,dfõoehs ;SrKh lr .ekSuwmyiqh' mjqf,a wh" ys;j;=ka" wi,ajeishka fyda tlg jevlrk wh úiska ;ukam%;slafIam lrkq ,eîu lkiai,a,g fya;=jlaùu iajdNdúlh' tÉwhsù iys;jfjfikakkag fjkialï lsÍu b;d iq,N isoaêhls' ta ksid wm w;=frka" tÉwhsùwdidê;j fjfik wh úiska fï f;dr;=re oekqï Èh yels úYajdi lghq;= wh jYfhkais;sh yels wh .ek i;a;lskau i<ld ne,sh hq;=fõ'

idudkHfhka i<lk l,ayS tÉwhsù wdidê; fndfyd fokdg oefkkafka úYajdijka;hy¿jkag iy wdo/;shkag ;ukaf.a tÉwhsù ;;ajh wkdjrKh lsÍu iykodhS njhs'wmf.a ;;ajh wkdjrKh lsÍfï fyd|u l%uh .ek ys;kakg wmg taâia fiajdixúOdkhlska msysg ,o yelsh' fufia wkdjrKh lsÍfuka wm w;=frka tÉwhsùwdidê; whg wm úYajdi lrk whf.ka wdorh" iydh iy WmfoaYk ,nd.; yelsfõ'tÉwhsù wdidê;j úiSfï§ m%n, idudðl iïnkaO;d rgdjla iys;j isàu jeo.;afõ'

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdk moaO;sfha fiajd kshq;a;hka jYfhka wmf.a tÉwhsù;;ajh by< ks,Odßfhl=g fyda iu i.fhl=g fyda wkdjrKh lrkakg wmg n,fkdflf¾' tafia jqjo úYajdijka; by< ks,Odßfhl= iuÕ fyda tlg jev lrk udkjiïm;a jD;a;slfhl= jeks wfhl= iuÕ fyda fï f;dr;=re fnodyod .ekSu w¾:j;a úhyelsh' wmg ffjoH ksjdvq wjYH ula ksido fkdtfiakï wmg jvd;a iqLkuH f,ijevl< hq;=j ;sfnkafka ula ksido hk lreKq ms<sn| jvd;a újD;j jvd;a wjxljlghq;= l< yelsjkq msKsi wmf.a ;;ajh wkdjrKh lsÍfuka myiqjla ,efnhs';jÿrg;a ne,Sfï§ tÉwhsù ;;ajh ryilaj ;nd.ekSfuka wmg wd;;sh iylKiai,a, we;súh yelsh' wjidk jYfhka i<ld ne¨úg" wmf.a ;;ajh wkdjrKhlsßu fyda fkdlsÍu yqfolau wmf.a ;ks ;SrKhls'

wmf.a tÉwhsù;;ajh

oek.ekSuyqfolau wmf.a

fi!LHh/l.ekSfïuÕla muKS'



36

ksh; jYfhka tÉwhsù wdidê;hehs mrSlaIKfhka fy,sjqjfyd;a" tlai;acd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh os.gu ug rlaIdfõ ksr;j bkakg bvfoao@tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha kshqla; wm lsisjl=" yqfola tÉwhsù wdidOkh muKlamokï fldgf.k" moúfhka mylrkakg fyda" ;;ajfhka my< ,Sug fyda fkdyelsh'tfukau wm úiska ,o hq;= Wiiaùula fkdoS isàug" fyda ,nk ,o mejreula m%;slafIamlsrSug fyda fkdyelsh' tÉwhsù wdidê; fndfydafokd tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh ;=<fyda bka neyer" ish rdcldrs uÕska os.gu ish fiajfhka iydh jkakg iyuq,skauiu;ah' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh ;=< rlaIdj i|yd wjYH tlu ffjoH iqÿiqlu kï"kshulrk ,o rdcldrs lrkakg Yla;sh ;sîuhs'

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh ;=< wm w¨;a moúhlg m;al<úg" fkdtfiakï wm ¥;fufyjrl hefjk úg" ta mejreu bgq lsrSu i|yd wm i;= ldhsl Yla;sh ms<sn|jtlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ffjoH fiajdjka úiska ffjoH mrSlaIKhla meje;afõ'tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ffjoH fiajd úiska" Tnf.a wkqu;shlska f;drj" TntÉwhsù ms<sn|j mrSlaId fkdflf¾' fuh u;l ;nd.; hq;=hs' mejrefï iajNdjhg;a"thg wod< fmfoig;a" wmf.a fi!LH ;;a;ajhg;a wkqj" wm ta m;alsrSu i|yd iqÿiqhehs tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ffjoH fiajd úiska iy;sl fkdflfrkakg bv

we;af;ah' tjeks yeu wjia:djloSu iqÿiqlï iys; ffjoH ks,OdrSka fufiaks.ukh lrkafka wm tl tlaflkdf.u fi!LH ;;ajh" ta ta mqoa.,hdf.a

uÜgfuka we.hSfuka miqjhs' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha moúj,ska"tÉwhsù wdidê;hka iyuq,skau neyer lrkakg wjir ke;' w¨;amoúhla i|yd ffjoH wkqu;sh fkdfokq ,efí kï" ffjoHmrSlaIKhloS wkdjrKh jQ fyda fidhd .kakd ,o fi!LH ;;ajhka"tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ffjoH fiajdjka úiska" Tnf.a by<ks,Odrshdg fyda Tnf.a i.hkag okajkq fkd,efí' tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkfha ffjoH fiajd úiska yeu wjia:djloSu" ish¨u fm!oa.,sl

fi!LH yd ffjoH f;dr;=re b;du ryis.;j ;nd.kq ,efí' Tn úiskaTnf.a tÉwhsù ;;ajh wkdjrKh lrkakg ;SrKh l<;a" tysoS;a" ta wê

ryis.; ;;ajh wkq.ukh flf¾'tÉwhsù wdidOkh ksid" Tng Tnf.a rlaIdj lrf.k hd fkdyels ùkï" Tnf.a

rdcldrs ;;ajh yev .iajd .kq msKsi tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh Tn yd iuÕiydhfjñka l%shdlrkafkah' fï fya;=fldgf.k" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiskaos.gu Tn rdcldrsfha kshqla;j ;nd.kq ,efí'

ud ksh; jYfhkau tÉwhsù wdidê;hehs mrSlaIKfhka fy,sjqjfyd;a"bka wefÕkafka ud fkdfnda l,lskau frda.Sjk njo@ffjoH úoHdfõ m%.;sh ksid" wo tÉwhsù wdidê; whg" fi!LH iïmkakj iy M,odhSf,i cSj;aúh yelsh' tmuKla fkdfõ' oekg ;sfnk m%;sldrj,g jvd oshqKq l%ufidhd .kakg oeka b;d úYd, m¾fhaIK iïNdrhla meje;afõ' tÉwhsù wdidOkhm%n, ffjoH m%Yakhls' th b;d ne?reï f,i ie<lsh hq;=fõ' tfy;a" th urKShoKavkh kshu lsrSula fkdfõ'

ud ksh; jYfhkau tÉwhsù wdidê; hehs mrSlaIKfhka fy,sjqjfyd;a"uf.a fi!LHh /l.kakg uúiska l=ula l< hq;=o@ish fi!LHh wdrlaId fldg .kakg tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh tys ish¨ukshqla;hkag ffO¾hh imhkafkah' ksh; jYfhkau tÉwhsù wdidê;hkag fuhúfYaIfhkau jeo.;ah'

Tn tÉwhsù wdidê;j fjfia kï" jeämqr wdydr .kak' fi!LHhg ys;e;s wdydrflfrys jvd;a is; fhduq lrkak' uia" ud¿" fndaxÑ" uo j¾." weg j¾. wdoS fm%daàknyq, wdydr" udxYfmaYS ;kkakg iy mj;ajdf.k hkakg Wmldrsfõ' msIaGOd;= wvx.=wdydr j,ska ldhsl ù¾hh ;efka' OdkH j¾.j," t<j¨j, iy m<;=rej, msIaGOd;=

tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkfha ffjoH

fiajd úiskamqoa.,hka ms<sn|ffjoH f;dr;=re

oeä f,iryis.;j wdrlaIdfldg .kq ,efí'Tnf.a tÉwhsù;;ajh Tjqkg

oekajqjfyd;a thoryis.;j ;nd.kq

,efí'

tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkfha kshqla;

wm lsisfjl="yqfola tÉwhsù

wdidOkh muKlamokï fldgf.k

moúfhkamylrkakg fyda;;ajfhka my<oukag fyda wmúiska ,o hq;=Wiiaùu fkdoS

isàug fyda wmgfok ,o mejreulam%;slafIam lsrSugfyda fkdyelsh'

37


wvx.=h' Tn úiska ;rulg fïo;a ,nd.; hq;=fõ' tysoS fjfiiskau wjOdkh fhduql<hq;af;a fu!k ixhqla; fïo flfrysh' fujeks fïo wka;¾.; jkafka" uo j¾.j,;a"weg j¾.j,;a we;eï t<j¨ f;,a j¾.j,;a" ud¿j,;ah' ng¾j, iy i;a;ajhkaf.kailia lrk ,o wdydrj,;a wvx.= ydksodhS fïo j¾. .ekSfuka yels ;rï j<lskak'

ksh;jYfhkau tÉwhsù iys; wh úiska wdydr iQodkï lsrSfïoS úfYaIfhkaumrSlaIdldrS úh hq;=h' wdydr-mdk iQodkï lrkakg fmr Tnf.a w;a fidaod .kak'm,;=re iy t<j¨ j¾. fyd|ska fidaokak' wuq fyda ndf.g ;ïnk ,o ì;a;r iy uia.ekSfuka j<lskak' b;srs foa YS; fmÜáfha ;nkak' tfia ;nd osk ;=kla we;=<; Ndú;lrkak' wj,x.= ld,h miqjQ wdydr j¾. ñ,hg .ekSfuka iy iQodkï lsrSfukaj<lskak'

Tn ksh;jYfhkau tÉwhsù wdidê; kï Tn fndfyda oshr j¾. mdkh l<hq;=fõ'f;a"fldams" flda,dj¾." fpdl,Ü mdk j¾. wvq lrkak' ulaksidoh;a tjeks oshr j¾.ksid ldhsl oshr wvqúh yels fyhsks' Tng c,k, uÕska iemfhk c,h iyuq,skaumú;% hehs Tng úYajdi ke;akï Tn úiska j;=r WKqfldg mdkh l<hq;=fõ'fkdtfiakï" fnda;,j, weisrE c,h mdkh l< hq;=fõ'

Tn l%udkql+,j ldhsl wNHdij, fhosh hq;=h' /hlg hg;a msrsfihskameh wglaj;a ksokakg mqreÿjkak' wd;;sh" udkisl mSvkh iy udkisllKiai,a, wju fldg .kakg m%h;ak orkak' iudc fiajd cd,hlgtl;=ù isàu fndfydaúg m%fhdackj;ah' túg Tng mjqf,aúYajdijka;hkaf.ka fyda ys;j;=kaf.ka iydh ,nd.; yelsfõ' tÉwhsùwdidê;j fjfik mqoa.,hka Wfoid mj;akd iyfhda.S lKavdhulgne|Su" ys;j;=ka we;sfldg .ekSu i|yd;a" ;kslu ms<sn| yeÕSu wvqfldg.ekSu i|yd;a tfukau Tnf.a wdidOkhg uQKmdkakg bjy,ajkm%fhdackj;a woyia ,nd.ekSu i|yd;a" fndfydafia ys;lrh'

Tn ksh;jYfhkau tÉwhsù wdidê; hehs mrSlaIKfhka fy,sjqjfyd;a" Tnÿïmdkh lrk flfkla kï Tn th keje;aúh hq;=h' ÿïmdkh ksid fmky¿j,g iy isref¾ fjk;a fldgiaj,go ydks isÿfõ' ta fya;=fldgf.k isrer wdidOkj,g f.dÿreùfï .;sh wêl fjhs'

wkjYH m%;sldr .ekSfuka je<lSu fyd|hs' tajd ksid wm%ikak w;sf¾l m%;sM,we;sù" hym;a fmdaIKhg ndOd meñfKa' Tn tÉwhsù wdidOkh yd iïnkaO ke;s fiiqfí;a j¾. Ndú; lrkafka kï" Tn fï .ek Tnf.a ffjoHjrhd iuÕ idlÉPd l<hq;=fõ'

fï woyia úfYaIfhkau jákafka tÉwhsù yd iuÕ fjfik whg jqjo" wmf.atÉwhsù ;;ajh ljf¾ jqjo" fïjd wm ish¨fokd úiskau wkq.ukh lsrSug iqÿiqWmfoaY fjhs'

ud tÉwhsù wdidê; hehs mrSlaIKfhka fy,sjqjfyd;a" ud úiska fkdmudjm%;sldr .ekSu wdrïN l<hq;=hehs ñka yefÕao@tÉwhsù wdidê;hehs mrSlaIKhlska fy,sjQ flfkl= ó<. mrSlaIK iy WmfoaY i|yd"fkdmudj tÉwhsù$taâia ms<sn| m<mqreoao we;s ffjoHjrfhl= fidhd.; hq;=hs' Tn ksh;jYfhkau tÉwhsù wdidê; hehs mrSlaIKj,ska fy,sjqjfyd;a" Tn ffjoHjrfhl= fj;fkdmudj fhduqúh hq;=fõ' fkdtfiakï" fhduq lrkakehs b,a,d isáh hq;=fõ' ksh;jYfhkau wdidê;hehs lshk m%;sM,h ia:djr fldg .kq msKsi idudkHfhka kïffjoHjrhd fojk mrSlaIKhla lrkafkah'

B<. mshjr .ek Tn ffjoHjrhd yd iuÕ l;d-ny l< hq;=fõ' m%;sYla;smoaO;sfha ;;ajh yrsyeá oek.kq msKsi ;j;a mÍlaIK mj;ajkq i|yd ffjoHjrhdúiskau ;j;a w;sf¾l f,a Tnf.ka ,nd.; hq;=fõ' iSã4 ñKqu iy ffjri m%udKhuek.ekSuo fï mrSlaIK w;r fj;s' reêrfhys m%;sYla;s ixlS¾Kfha ffi, fldmuKl%shdlrkafkaoehs iSã4 ñKqfuka wmg oek.; yelsfõ' iSã4 ñKqu wvqjQ l< bkalshefjkafka hïlsisjla úiska wmf.a m%;sYla;s moaO;sh ÿ¾j,fldg ;sfnk njhs'

taâiawdidê;hehs

mrSlaIKhlskafy,sjQ flfkl="B<. mrSlaIKiy WmfoaY

i|yd fkdmudjtaâia ms<sn|

m<mqreoao we;sffjoHjrfhl=

fidhd.;hq;=fõ'


38

ffjri m%udKh ueKqfuka mrSlaId flfrkafka fldmuK tÉwhsùm%udKhla reêrfhys ixirKh jkafkao hkakhs' reêrfhys ffjri úYd,m%udKhla ;sfí kï bka fmkS hkafka tÉwhsù" l%shdYS,S f,i ish msgm;a;kkakg mgkaf.k ;sfnk njhs' ta uÕska w¨;a ffi, wdidOkhg ,lafldgtajd kid oukq ,efí' isref¾ ;sfnk tÉwhsù m%udKh jeäfj;au" frda.hoshqKqjk fõ.h wêl fõ'

tÉwhsù úfrdaë fí;a j¾. b;du m%;sM,odhS jqjo tajdhska w;=re m%;sM,;awe;súh yelshs' tÉwhsù wdY%s; frda. md,kh lsrSu .ek ffjoHjreka iyid;a;= fiajfha ksr;jQjka jeä jeäfhka m<mqreoao ,nk úg Tjqka ms<sf.kwe;af;a" wdidOkfhka ;rula l,la .;jQjdg miqj fí;a oSu" fmroS is;=jdgjvd m%;sM,odhS njhs' Tnf.a reêrh ks;sm;d wëlaIKh lsrSfukq;a" tÉwhsùwdidOkfha m%;sM, Tnf.a isrerg oefkkakg mgkaf.k ;sfíoehs mrSlaIdlsrSfuka" m%;sldr wdrïN l<hq;= ld,h .ek Tng Wmfoia fokakg Tnf.affjoHjrhd iu;afjhs'

ud tÉwhsù wdidê;hehs uf.a ffjoHjrhd fí;a kshu lrkafka kïtÉwhsù úfrdaë m%;sldr fyñysg wdrïN lrkakg ug mq¿jkao@ talshkafka osklg tl fí;a fm;a; ne.ska muKla .; yelso@tÉwhsù ksrka;rfhkau fjkiajk ksid" fkdfnda l,lskau tla fí;a j¾.hlgTfrd;a;= fokakg th mqreÿ fõ' Tfrd;a;= oSu wdrïN jQ úg fí;a t;rïm%;sM,odhS fkdfõ' ffjrih wdmiq tkakg mgka .kS' tjeks Tfrd;a;= oSïj,fõ.h wvq lrkakg fyda tajd j<lajkakg Tfí ffjoHjrhd" hg;a msrsfihskatÉwhsù úfrdaë fí;a j¾. ;=klaj;a kshu lrkafkah' tÉwhsù ffjrihg úúOme;sj,ska myroSfuka" iïñY%s; Ñls;aidj úiska Wmrsu m%;sM, ,nkafkah'tfukau ffjrih fí;aj,g Tfrd;a;=oSfï .;sh;a wvq lrkafkah'

tljrg fí;a j¾. ;=kla .ekSu" ixlS¾K l%shdjla fkdfõo@iïñY%s; tÉwhsù Ñls;aidj" ir< ke;' wm w;=rska ksh;jYfhkau tÉwhsùwdidê;j isákd wh úiska hg;a msrsfihska ojilg ;=ka jrlaj;a iïñY%s;fí;a Ndú; l< hq;=fõ' wmg kshñ; m%;sldr l%uhg wkqj wmg lEï-îï;rulg iSud lrkakg fjhs' ^lEu yd iuÕ fí;a .ekSu wdoS jYfhks'&wmf.a fí;aj,ska tlla fyda lSmhla YS;lrKfhys ;nd.kakg;a fjhs'

ksh;jYfhkau tÉwhsù wdidê;hehs mrSlaIKj,ska fy,sjQjka jk wmúiska ffjoHjrhd úiska kshufldg ;sfnk wdldrhgu wmf.a fí;a .ekSuw;HjYHh' wmg fí;a jrejla jerÿkfyd;a" fkdtfiakï kshu fõ,djg fí;afkd.;af;d;a" tfia;a ke;sj" fí;a .ekSfï kshñ; l%uh fjkia l<fyd;a" tafí;a j,ska ,o hq;= ;rï m%;sM, ,o fkdfya' ta ksid ffjrih i;=Tfrd;a;=oSfï .;sh jvd;a blauKska oshqKq fõ'

ud ksh; jYfhkau tÉwhsù wdidê; kï" kshu lrk ,o wdldrhgfí;a .kakd ;ekg ug j. n,d.; yelafla flfiao@kshu lrk ,o wdldrhg fí;a .ekSu" fndfydaúg kï flfrkafka zm%;sldrhgne|S isàuZ jYfhks' Tjqkaf.a fi!LH ;;ajh" Tjqkaf.a wOHdmk ;;ajh" fydaTjqkaf.a jd¾Isl wdodhï ;;ajh ljf¾ jqjo fndfyda fokd ;ukaf.a m%;sldrrgdjg fyd|ska fkdnef|k nj m¾fhaIKj,ska fmkS hkafkah' tÉwhsù$taâiaWfoid zm%;sldrhg ne|S isàuZ w;sYhskau jeo.;ah' ta ksid" kshu lrk ,owdldrhgu tÉwhsù fí;a ,nd.kakd msKsi úfYaIfhkau mfriaiï úhhq;=fõ'

tÉwhsù wdidê;whg oeka

fi!LH iïmkakf,i;a M,odhS

f,i;acSj;aúh yel'

iïñY%s;Ñls;aidj úiskaWmrsu m%;sM,

,efí'

ffjrihfí;aj,gTfrd;a;= oSisàfï .;shbka wvqfõ'


39


tÉwhsù wdidê; wmg iïñY%s; fí;a rgdjla kshu l<úg" ta rgdjg ne|Sisákq msKsi zm%;sldrj,g ne|S isàfïZ fm!oa.,sl ie,eiaula wm úiska iliafldg .; hq;=fõ' fï ie,iafï iajrEmh r|d mj;skafka wmg kshñ;fm!oa.,sl fí;a-fya;a rgdj wkqjhs' tfiau" wmf.a fm!oa.,sl cSjk rgdfõl%shdYS,S;ajho thg mokï fõ' iuyr fokdg fyd| fohla kï"osk p¾hdjla ;kd .ekSuhs' ta uÕska m%;sldr .ekSu;ukaf.a ffoksl jev ms<sfjf,a fldgila lr.;yelsfõ' ;j;a whg" ffoksl fyda i;sm;d ie,iqïilia fldg .; yelsfõkï th m%fhdackj;a fõ'fí;a .kakg ;sfnk fõ,dj u;la lrkq msKsiiuyre l+oaok Trf,daiqjla fyda kdoldrlhlaNdú; lr;s' ;j;a we;eïuq ta i|yd úYajdih;nkafka ñ;=rka flfrys fyda mjqf,a whflfrysh' fkdtfiakï tlaj ldurfha fjfik whflfrysh' ffjoHjrhdf.a ld¾hd,fhkaneyerjkakg fmr" fï fí;a .ekSfï w¨;a rgdj ydm%;sldrhg ne|S isàfï l%uh ffjoHjrfhl=" id;a;=fiajlfhl= fyda WmfoaYlfhl= fyda iuÕ idlÉPd lsrSu fyd| woyils'

m%;sldrhg ne|S isàfï ie,eiaula ilia fldg.ekSu i|yd wm úiska"wmf.a cSú; foi wjxl f,i ne,Su;a" wmf.a fí;a j¾. l,g-fõ,djg .ekSuj<lajk foaj,a w÷kd.ekSu;a wjYHhs' kso¾Ykhla jYfhka .;fyd;a" wmie|E iuhfhys uoHidrh Ndú; lsrSu ksid wmg wu;ljk iq¿ .;shwe;sjqjfyd;a" wmg wêl jYfhka u;ameka mdkh lrkakg isÿjk wjia:duÕyerSu nqoaêu;ah' wmf.a cSú; wjq,a-úhjq,aùu ksid" wmg l,g-fõ,djgjev lsrSu wmyiq kï" jvd;a l%uj;a ie,iqula ilia fldg .ekSum%fhdackj;ah' l,g fõ,djg wdydr .ekSu tjekss ie,iquls' wmf.a fí;a.kakg wmg túg u;la fjhs' wmg fí;a fõ,la .kakg wu;l jqjfyd;a"wmg bkamiqj ta .ek u;lajQ yeáfhau fí;afõ, .; hq;=fõ' ta fí;afõ,B<. fõ, .kakd fj,djgu wdfha kï" wm úiska .; hq;af;a tla fõ,lamuKs'

ksh; jYfhkau tÉwhsù wdidê;j isák wm úiska u;l ;nd.; hq;=b;du jgkd lreK kï wNsfhda.j,g uqyqKmdkakg isÿjkafka wmg muKlafkdjk njhs' tÉwhsù iys; ;j;a fndfyda fokdo fuu ;;ajfhau isá;s'wmf.a w;aoelSï fnod-yod .kakd msKsi;a" ta whf.a w;aoelSïj,ska Wf.k.kakd msKsi;a ^l,g fõ,djg fí;a .ekSu iy ;j;a fndfyda foa Wf.k-.kakd msKsi;a& Tjqka yd iuÕ tlg tl;=ùu tÉwhsù wdidOkhg uqyqKmEfï b;du fi!LH iïmkak l%uhls' wmf.a fi!LHh wdrlaId lr.ekSums<sn| kj l%fudamdhhkao wmg tuÕska Wf.k .; yelsfõ'

tÉwhsù ;sîu ksid flfkl= fjk wksla wdidOkhkag;a f.dÿre úhyels nj ug oek.; yels jQfhah' ud ksh; jYfhkau tÉwhsùwdidê; kï" ud ta wksla wdidOkhkaf.ka .e,fjkafka flfiao@tÉwhsù wdidê; wmf.a m%;sYla;s moaO;shg ffjrih úiska ne?reï f,iydks muqKqjd ;sfnk úg" wm fiiq wdidOkj,g b;d fndfydafia f.dÿre úhyelsh' tÉwhsù i|yd iemfhk iïñY%s; Ñls;aikh úiska m%;sYla;s moaO;shm%n, f,i Yla;su;a lrhs' tfiau" ta fya;=fldgf.k w;=re wdidOkj,gf.dÿreùfï .;sh;a wvq flf¾' Tn ksh; jYfhkau tÉwhsù wdidê; kï"Tnf.a m%;sYla;s moaO;sh wLKavju wëlIKh flfrkq msKsi" Tn úiska taâiafrda.hg m%;sldr lsrSfï iqÿiqlï iys; ffjoHjrfhl= ks;sm;d yuqúh hq;=fõ'

wm ksh;jYfhkau

tÉwhsù wdidê;kï" w;=rewdidOk

j<lajk m%;sldrj¾. wmf.affjoHjrhd

úiska kshu l<yelsfõ'


ffjoHjrhdkshu l<

wdldrfhkauwmf.a fí;a

.ekSuw;HjYHh'


Tnf.a m%;sYla;s moaO;sh ksrka;rfhka wëlaIKh lsrSu fya;= fldgf.k" tÉwhsùwdidê;hkag je<|sh yels we;eï w;=re wdidOkhka j<lajd .kakd m%;sldr Tng kshulrkakg ffjoHjrhd iu;afjhs'

tÉwhsù iys; wh w;=re wdidOkhkag f.dÿreúh yelsùu ksid" biau;=fldgoelafjkafka wmf.a tÉwhsù ;;ajh wm úiska oek isàfï jeo.;aluhs' mrSlaIKhg,laùu l,a;nk" tÉwhsù wdidê; fndfyda fokd" ;uka ksh; jYfhkau wdidê; njoek.kafka b;d ne?reï" we;eïúg cSú;hg ;¾ckhla úh yels frda.hla je<÷Kqúghs' wmf.a tÉwhsù ;;ajh oek isàfuka wmg wmf.a fi!LHh jvd;a fyd|ska wdrlaIdfldg.; yelskï wm jrskajr wëlaIKhg Ndckjk ;ekg;a j.n,d.; hq;=fõ' wmksh; jYfhkau tÉwhsù wdidê; kï" w;=re wdidOkhka je<|Su j<lajk fí;a kshulrkakg wmf.a ffjoHjre iu;a fj;s'

40

ud ksh;jYfhkau tÉwhsù wdidê; ldka;djl kï"ud orefjl= ,eîu fyd|o@.¾NkS wjia:dfõoS fyda m%iQ;s wjia:dfõoS fyda" uõlsrs oSu ksid fyda wjqreÿ m;d oyia.Kka orefjda tÉwhsù wdidê; fj;s' tÉwhsù wdidOkhg m%;sldr jYfhka w;sYhskam%;sM,odhS hehs ;yjqre jQ we;eï ffjri úfrdaë fí;a j¾." jdikdjlg fukaujf.ka orejdg tÉwhsù fndaùfï wka;rdh fndfyda fia wvq fldg we;af;ah' tfy;a"frda.h fndaùfï wka;rdh fï fí;a j¾. úiska je<elaúh yels fkdfõ' ujf.kaorejdg frda.h fndaùu j<lajk we;eï fí;a j¾." ksid ffjrih fí;aj,g Tfrd;a;=oSfï .;sh we;s lrkakg bv ;sfí' fï ksid" ujg ,efnk tÉwhsù úfrdaëm%;sldrfhka oS¾> ld,Sk m%;sM, wvqjkafkah' ujf.ka orejdg frda.h fndaùu j<lajkl%fudamdhh oeka iliafjñka mj;S'

.¾NKS úh hq;= oehs hk ;SrKh" tÉwhsù wdidê; ldka;djka fndfyduhlg b;duwmyiq ;SrKhls' fuys,d jeo.;a jk m%:u mshjr jkafka" w¨;au f;dr;=re ,nd.kakdmsKsi Tnf.a ffjoHjrhd yd iuÕ idlÉPd lsrSuhs' wjjdo yd WmfoaYko Tyqf.ka,eìh yelshs'

ujf.ka orejdg fndaùu m%;sM,odhS wdldrfhka j<lajd,Sfï ls%hdj,sfhys wxf.damdx.lsysmhla we;af;ah' Tn .¾NkS kï Tn úiska mQ¾j-m%iQ; id;a;=j ,o hq;=fõ' th ,ohq;af;a iqÿiqlï we;s fi!LH fiajd iïmdolfhl=f.ks'

laIh frda. mrSlaIKh

úfYaI wjOdkhg ,laúh hq;= m%n, w;=re wdidOkhla kï

laIh frda.hhs' ^à'î&' tÉwhsù wdidê;hkaf.a urKhg

fya;=jk m%Odk idOlh laIh frda.hhs' fï frda.h f,dalfha

fndfyda rgj, me;sr mj;S' laIh frda.fhka wdidê;jk

fndfyda fokdg mQ¾K laIh frda.h je<f|kafka ke;'

ulaksidoh;a Tjqkaf.a m%;sYla;s moaO;sh úiska ta wdidOkh

uev mj;ajkq ,nk fyhsks' tfy;a" ta wl%Shj mj;akd laIh

frda.h" mQ¾K laIh frda.h njg j¾Okhùfï wjia:d

fndfyda fia wêl jkafka tÉwhsù wdidOkh ksidh' ksh;

jYfhkau tÉwhsù wdidê;j fjfik wm yeufokd úiskau"

wm laIh frda.hg uqyqK md isá;aoehs mrSlaId lrjd.;

hq;=fõ' laIh frda.h j<lajk Ñls;aid we;af;ah'


41


Tnf.a ffjoHjrhdf.ka ,nd.; fkdyels kï" fndfyda mQ¾j-m%iQ;s ffjoHjre TntÉwhsù mrSlaIKhlg Ndck lr;s' ta Tn b,a,d isáhfyd;sks' mQ¾j-m%iQ;s wjia:dfõoSlrk ,o mrSlaIKfhka Tn ksh;jYfhkau tÉwhsù wdidê;hehs fmkS .shfyd;a" Tni;= m%iQ;s úl,am .ek Tng WmfoaY iemfhkq we;'

Tn ksh;jYfhkau tÉwhsù wdidê; kï tfiau Tn orejl= ,nkakg ;SrKh lf<akï" Tnf.a ffjoHjrhd Tng m%;sldr rgdjla ms<sn| f;dr;=re iïmdokh lrkafkah'w¨;ska ìysjk orejdg ffjrih fnda lsrSfï wjodku tuÕska wvql< yelsfõ' m<uqjk^tfiau b;du m%;sM,odhS& m%;sldr rgdj úiska kshu lrkq ,nkafka i;s 28l .¾NKSwjia:dfõ mgka ffjri úfrdaë fí;a uqLfhka .kakg;a m%ij fõokd ld,fhaoS iy orem%iQ;sfhaoS ta fí; tkak;a jYfhka .kakg;ah' tfiau" w¨;ska ìysjQ orejdg m%iQ;sfhkamiq" fí;a uqLfhka osh hq;=fõ' fojk m%;sldr rgdfõoS i;s 28l .¾NKS wjia:dfõ isg"isfvdjqãka ^tabieâà& iïñY%s; fí;a fokq ,efí' bkamiqj" m%ij fõokd wdrïN jkúgfkúrmSka tlajrla fokq ,efí' m%iQ;sfhka miqj w¨;ska Wmka orejdg i;shlaisfvdjqãka fokq ,efí'

uõ lsrsoSu ksid;a" w¨;ska ìysjQ orejdg tÉwhsù fndaúh yelshs' ta ksid" orejdgwdydr oSfï úl,am .eko Wmfoia fokq ,efí' fyd|u l%uh kï w¨;ska ìysjQ orejdgúl,am lsrs oSuhs' uõ lsrs oSfuka tÉwhsù fndaùfï wka;rdh bka j<lS'

ujf.ka orejdg fndaùfï wjodku wvq lsrSu

ld¾ñl rdcHhkays lrk ,o m¾fhaIKj,ska fmkS hkafka" mQ¾K

jdrl l%shdj,sh uÕska" ujf.ka orejdg frda.h fndaùu" b|ysg

isÿjk isoaêhla jk ;rug wvq l< yels njh' ta mQ¾K l%shdj,sh

kï" iafõÉPdfjka ryis.;j iemfhk WmfoaYk iy mrSlaIK"

iïmQ¾K mQ¾j-m%iQ;s wdrlaIdj iy ta yd wdY%s; WmfoaYk" b;du

m%;sM,odhS m%;sldr rgdj iys;j ffjri úfrdaë Ñls;aidj iy

uõlsrsj,g úl,am ,nd.ekSu ms<sn| WmfoaYkh;ah' t;rïu

m%;sM,odhS ke;s ffjri úfrdaë m%;sldr rgdjlska jqjo" ujf.ka

orejdg frda.h fndaùfï wka;rdh iShg follska wvql< yelshs'

th l< yelafla uõlsrs oSfuka je<l=K fyd;sks'

Tn tÉwhsù iys;j fjfiakï" orejl= ,eìh hq;=o keoaoehs wjidk jYfhka ;SrKhl< hq;= jkafka yqfola Tn úiskauh' Tn tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh yd noaO jQ ffjoHfiajd iïmdolfhl= uÕska wdrlaIdj ,nkafka kï" Tng oekqj;a ;SrKhlg t<öugwjYH f;dr;=re" WmfoaYk iy iydh Tng ,efnk njg Tng iy;sl úh yelsh'


42

tÉwhsù iys; f,dalhl jdih lsrSu

• tÉwhsù iuÕ fyda tÉwhsù wdidê;j fjfik i.hkag wm úiska wdOdr l< yelafla flfiao@

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

• iafõÉPdfjka ryis.;j iemfhk WmfoaYk i|yd;a tÉwhsù mrSlaIKhla ,nd.ekSu i|yd;a"hd hq;af;a fld;ekgo@

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

• Tnf.a ;;a;ajh" Tnf.a wëlaIlhdg fyda udkj iïm;a ks,Odrshdg fyda i.hdg fyda okajd,Sfïfyd| fyda krl me;s úh yelafla ljf¾o@ Tng fuh l< yelafla flfiao@

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

• tÉwhsù wdidê; udKav,sl ks,OdrSka úiska iy Tjqkaf.a mjq,aj, wh úiska" m%dfoaYSh uÜgfukam%;sldr ,nd.kafka flfiao@ fld;ekskao@

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

• Tn tÉwhsù wdidê; kï" iydhl fiajd iy fi!LH fiajd fidhd.; yelafla flfiao@

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________


43


• w;sf¾l igyka

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

4mßÉfþoh

45

Ôj;ajkakgbvfokakwdrlaIs;" idOdrK iy ffu;%SmQ¾jl fiajdia:dkhla iliajk ;ekg iydh jkak'

• tÉwhsù wdidê;j fjfik whg" Tjqkaf.a" .¾jhg ydksfkdjkwdldrfhka ie<lsh hq;=fõ'

• tÉwhsù iys; kshqla;hka fldka lsrsu" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkhúiska ;ykï flf¾'

• tlai;a cd;Skaf.a fiajd ia:dkh" wdrlaIs;" idOdrK" ffu;%SmQ¾jliy M,odhS;djhg ;=vqfok ;ekla jk njg j.n,d .ekSfïoS wmtlsfkld úiskau bgql< hq;= fufyhla we;af;ah'

wms fïjd okafkuq(

46

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ks, ld¾hd, j,oS taâia flf¾ oelafjkm%;spdrh úiska hïlsis fufyhla bgq flfrk nj uu oksñ' fiajd ia:dkhflfrys th n,mdkafka flfiao@ taâia jix.;h fldmuK mD:q,o" fldmuK ixlS¾Ko lsjfyd;a fyd| m%;spdrhlai|yd ldf.a;a w¾:j;a iyfhda.h wjYH fõ' tÉwhsù wm wjg yeu ;ekluwe;af;ah' yqfola wdKavqj,g iy fi!LH ixúOdkj,g muKla thg ksisfiauqyqKmdkakg nersh' wms yefudau - tkï wd.ñl mokï iys; lKavdhï" mdie,a"fiajd ia:dk" ck lKavdhïj, ixúOdk iy mqrjeis iudcfha wxY wdoS ish,a,u -m%;sM,odhS udkqIsl m%;sl%shdjla i|yd tlg tl;=úh hq;=fjuq'

tÉwhsù wdidê;j fjfik wh w;=frka iShg wkQjlg;a jvd" fiajdodhl jhfiajeäysáfhda fj;s' fuys m%;sM,hla jYfhka" fï jix.;h wksjd¾hfhkau fiajdia:dkh flf¾ n,mdkafkah' tmuKla fkdfõ j<lajd,Su" wdrlaIdj iy m%;sldr

i|yd muKla fkdj tÉwhsùwdY%s; .erySïj,g iy fldkalsrSïj,g úreoaOj igka lsrSfïm%h;akhkag;a b;du fyd| ;ekfiajd ia:dkhhs'

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfhakshqla;hka w;=frka iShg 5la ;rïwêl ixLHdjla tÉwhsù yd iuÕfjfikakka úh yels nj .Kkan,d we;af;ah' tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkfha m%Odk fmf<a úfYaIwdh;k lsysmhlu kshqla;hkaf.a

urKj,g m%Odk fya;=j taâiah' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh" rgla jYfhkaie<l=jfyd;a" fï jix.;hg wiqjQ rgj,ska uq,a rgj,a ;syg wm wh;afõ' jevmf,ysfhoS isákúg l;dny lrkakg ztaâiaZ ;rula m%YakldrS ud;Dldjla fia uq,ska fmkqko"wm ish¨fokdu ta .ek újD;j l;d-ny lsrsu b;d jgfkah'

tÉwhsù ms<sn|j tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha kshqla;hkaf.a wdl,am .ek" 2002 aoSlrk ,o u; úuiquloS we;eï mqÿu foa wkdjrKh jQfhah' ;uka ksh; jYfhkautÉwhsù wdidê;hehs ìhla ;sfnk kuq;a" ;ukaf.a tÉwhsù ;;ajh .ek oek.kakgleue;s ke;ehs ta úuiqug ,lajQ whf.ka iShg fodf<dia fofkla mejiQy' f;dr;=refiùu ksid whym;a ;SrKj,g t<fUkq we;ehs ìhjQ iShg y;<sia tla fofkla";ukaf.a tÉwhsù ;;ajh oek fkdisáhy' ;ukaf.a tÉwhsù mrSlaIK m%;sM," tlai;acd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska ryis.;j ;nd fkd.kq we;ehs lshk ìhla iShg 32la úiskam%ldY lrk ,oS' úuiqug uQKmE" kshqla;hka 96 fokdf.ka iShg fofofkla lshd isáfha;uka tÉwhsù yd iuÕ cSj;ajk nj;a tfy;a" ;ukaf.a reêr ;;ajh fiajd ia:dkfhaoSwkdjrKh lrkakg ìh nj;ah'

fufia tÉwhsù wdY%s; .¾ydjla ms<sn|j fujeks ,l=Kq ;snqKo" tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkfha kshqla;hkaf.ka m%n, ixLHdjla jk iShg 95 mjid isákafka" tÉwhsùwdidê;hkag tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha os.gu fiajfha fhoS isákag bv osh hq;=njhs' ksy~ mrsirhl" tÉwhsù yd wdY%s; ìh" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a Y%u yuqodj úiskams<s.;a;dg;a jvd m%n, úh yelsh'

fï ;;ajh fjkia lrkakg l%uhla we;af;ah' tuÕska taâia ms<sn|j mj;akd ìh;rulg ÿrel< yels fjhs' tÉwhsù iy taâia .ek újD;j l;d-ny lsrSu wmish¨fokdgu wh;a hq;=luls' wjfndaOh imhk ieis jdrj,oS;a" wmf.a i.hka ydiuÕ fm!oa.,slj;a l;d-ny l< yelsh' tÉwhsù iy taâia .ek l;dny lsrSfuka tams<sn| ìh wvql< yelsfõ' frda.h t;rïu ìh Wmojk iq¿ fkdjk úg wm w;=frkatÉwhsù yd iuÕ fjfik whg fï m%Yakh .ek jvd;a újD;j l:dny l< yelsfõ'

tÉwhsù taâia .ekl;dlsrSu ksid

thska we;sjk ìhwvqfjhs' taksid"

tÉwhsù wdidê;jfjfik wmg fïm%Yak .ek jvd;a

újD;j l;dlrkakg ksoyi

,efí'


47

Ôj;ajkakg bv fokak( fiajd ia:dkh wdrlaIs; ;ekla lrkakg iyh jkak

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha kshqla;fhda f,dalfha úúO fmfoiaj,ska wdfjda fj;s'wmf.a jeks úúO;ajfhka hq;a mrsirhloS wmf.a fiajd ia:dkfha isák wmf.ai.hkaf.ka we;eï whf.a weoySï iy p¾hd wm yeuúgu wkqu; fkdlrkafka úhyelshs' úúO fm!oa.,sl iy ixialD;sl miqìï iys;" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfhafiajd kshqla; wmf.a i.hka yd iuÕ iyfhda.Sùu;a" Tjqkaf.ka hï hï foa Wf.kSu;ajeo.;ah'

wdrlaIs;" idOdrK iy ffu;%SmQ¾jl fiajd ia:dkhla j¾Okh lrkq msKsitlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska lrkq ,nkafka l=ulao@

wkayeugu m<uqfjka lsj hq;af;a" tÉwhsù$taâia ms<sn|j" fiajd ia:dkhg wh;amD:q, m%;sm;a;s ud,djla tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska iïu; fldgf.k ;sfnknjhs' tÉwhsù wdidê; kshqla;hka fldka lsrSu" bka oeä f,i ;ykï flf¾' fiajdia:dkh úiska" tys kshqla;hkag tÉwhsù iy taâia ms<sn|j wjfndaOkhla iy WmfoaYkiïmdokh l< hq;=hehs kshu flf¾' fï fmd;a msxp" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a kshqla;hkag ógfmr imhk ,o m%ldYkhla w¨;a lsrSuls' ñka tla w;lska woyia flfrkafkakshqla;hkaf.a tÉwhsù ;;a;ajh .ek ;elSulska f;drj" kshqla;hka yeufokdguidOdrK f,i" iudk f,i iy ffu;%SmQ¾jl f,i;a i<lkakg tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkh lemù isák nj biau;= fldg oelaùugh'

Bg w;sf¾l jYfhka" fiajd ia:dkfha tÉwhsù wdY%s; m%;sm;a;s iy kshqla;hkaf.amD:q, Y=Nisoaêh oshqKq lrkq msKsi;a" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a úfYaI wdh;k lsysmhla úiskaúfYaI l%shdj,Ska wdrïN fldg we;af;ah' ^B<. msgqfõ uxcqidj lshjkak'&

úúO fm!oa.,sliy ixialD;slmiqìï iys;j

tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkfha

kshqla; wmf.ai.hka ydiyfhda.S ù

Tjqkaf.ka hï hïfoa Wf.k .kakg

m%h;ak oerSujeo.;ah'

fiajd ia:dkfhaoS" tÉwhsù wdidOk wdY%s;j isÿjk .¾yd lsrSï yd fldkalsrSïuq,skqmqgd ,kq msKsi" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha kshqla;hka jYfhka wmúiska l< hq;af;a l=ulao@.¾ydjg ,laùu iy fldkalrkq ,eîu wm yeufokdgu ;¾ckhls' wm tÉwhsù wdidê;kï" wm id;a;=j" m%;sldr fyda WmfoaYk fkdtfiakï wm i;= fiiq whs;sjdislï ,ndfkd.kakg ;SrKh lrkafka" iudcfhka msgux lrkjdg ìfhks' .¾ydj iy fldkalsrSï"tÉwhsù wdidê; whf.a fi!LHh flfrys n,mdkafkah' tjekakkaf.a ldhsl" udkisl ydidudcsl wd;;sh fya;=fldgf.k we;eïúg oeä udkisl lKiai,a,;a yg.; yelsh' wmw;=frka tÉwhsù wdidê; ke;ehs ksh;fhkau okakd whg" .¾ydj iy fldka lsrSï ksidf;dr;=re ,nd.ekSfuka" ksjdrK fiajd ,nd.ekSfuka fyda tÉwhsù mrSlaIKhg fmkSisàfuka wm yd wmf.a mjq,aj, wh fírd .ekSug wm i;= Yla;sh ke;sù hd yelsh'

tÉwhsù iy taâia ksid isÿjk .¾ydj we;eï lKavdhïj, idudcslhkag oeä f,in,mdkafkah' mqreIhka yd iuÕ ,sx.sl in|;d mj;ajk mqreIhka" ,sx.slj l%shdYS,Swújdyl wh" úYajdifhka f;dr ,sx.sl in|;d mj;ajk wh" u;aøjH Ndú;h ms<sn|w¾nqohg uqyqKmdk wh" tjeks lKavdhïj,ska lsysmhls'

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkhg fjfiiskau jeo.;a lreK kï" tÉwhsù wdidê;hkafldka lsrSu yd Tjqkag .¾yd lsrSu uQ,sl udkj whs;sjdislï lvlsrSula ùuh'fldkalsrSïj,ska ksoyiaùfï whs;sh" fm!oa.,sl;ajh i|yd whs;sh" fi!LH iïmkakùfïwhs;sh" f;dr;=re ,nd.ekSfï whs;sh wOHdmkh ,nd.ekSfï whs;sh ta whs;sj,skaiuyrls' fldáka lsjfyd;a tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha kshqla;hka jk wmg" tÉwhsùiy taâia wdY%s; .¾ydjkg yd fldka lsrSïj,g úreoaOj igka lsrSug whs;shlawe;af;ah' fuh wka mqoa.,hka fjkqfjka igka lsrSu jeksh' fiajd ia:dkfhaoS tÉwhsùwdY%s; fldkalsrSï uq,skqmqgd ,kq msKsi wm tla tlaflkd úiskau" jeo.;a fufyhla bgqlrkakg we;af;ah'


48

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska l%shdfõ fhojkq ,nk jHdmD;szwmj /l-n,d .ekSuZ kue;s hqksfi*a jevms<sf,ys oeka hQtkat*amSta wdh;kho we;=¿ fõ' fïzwmj /l-n,d .ekSuZ kï jevigykska lrkq ,nkafka tÉwhsù wdidê;j fjfik wh fukau"fiiq fi!LH yd fm!oa.,sl m%Yakj,g;a f.dÿre jQ fiajlhka i|yd wdrlaIs; mrsirhla iliafldg ,Suhs' f,v frda.j,g fyda urKj,g uQKmdkakg fiajlhkag wdOdr lrkq msKsi .kq ,nkmshjr ;j;a ;yjqre flfrkafka" ta yd noaO fjk wksla f;audj,a ms<sn|j lreKq oek.ekSug;awjia:dj iïmdokh lrñks' zwdÜZ m%;sldr ,nd.kakg fhduq lsrSu tjekakls'

zfiajd ia:dkfha tÉwhsù$taâiaZ kï jQ jHdmD;sh uÕska ví,sõt*amS wdh;kh" tÉwhsù-taâiawdidê;j fjfik i.hkaf.a ;;a;ajh ms<sf.k Tjqkag iydh imhñka Tjqka i|yd bjik iq¿"idOdrK yd ffu;%SmQ¾jl mrsirhla ;kd,Sfï ld¾hhg m%n, f,i lem jkafkah' ví,sõt*amSwdh;kfha" tÉwhsù iy taâia ms<sn| msrsia m%;sm;a;s" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska tys,dkshu lrk ,o cd;Hka;r ññ wkqu; flfrñka Bg;a Tíng hkafkah' fiajd ia:dkfha kshqla;ish¨fokdgu" m%;sM,odhS f,i taâia wjfndaOh ,ndoSu;a" yeu fmfoilu fiajd ia:dkj, taâiams<sn|j jHdmD;s ;efkk f,ig iydh iemhSu;a" tu ví,sõt*amS msrsia m%;sm;a;shg wh;ah' taâiafya;=fldgf.k m%n, f,i jHikhg m;a rgj,a 25ka 22lu ví,sõt*amS wdh;kh l%shdfõ fhfohs'tfia l%shdlsrSfïoS ví,sõt*amS wdh;kfha kHdh m;%fha m%Odk ;ekla .kafka fï jix.;fha;;a;ajh ms<sn| wjfndaOhla f.dvkxjd,Suhs'

hQtkaãmS wdh;kfha zwms Tn /l.kafkuqZ kï jHdmD;sh úiska" tÉwhsù$taâia ms<sn|j tlai;acd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha fiajd ia:dk m%;sm;a;sh l%shdfõ fhdojkq ,efí' tÉwhsù wdidê;j fjfikwhf.a whs;sjdislï wdrlaIdjk ;ekg ta uÕska j. n,d .kq ,efí' tfukau" tu m%;sm;a;sh uÕska"iyfhda.S fiajd mrsirhla j¾Okh jk ;ekgo j. n,d.kq ,efí' zwms Tn /l-n,d .ksuqZ hkm%;sm;a;sh úiska hQtkaãmS kshqla;hkaf.a fukau tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha fiiq wdh;kj,udKav,slhkaf.a o taâia wjfndaOh oshqKq flf¾' tfukau fldkalsrSï j,ska iy .¾yd lsrSïj,skaf;dr mrsirhla ;efkk ;ekg j. n,d .kafka;a fõ'

^fhduqùu" msysgùu" m%;sldr lsrSu iy cd;Hka;r ixúOdkd;aul wjYH;d hk kdufha bx.srsisfhÿu jk Access, Care, Treatment and International-Organizaatipnal Needs hk mo fmf,auq,a wl=re f.k ;kk ,o& Action ^welaIka& kï jHdmD;sh" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ffjoHfiajdjkaf.a jev ms<sfj,ls' mqfrda.dó rdcH oyhl ^ldïfndach" b;sfhdamshdj" bkaoshdj"khscSrshdj" rejkavd" fifk.,a" W.kavd" gekaidkshd tlai;a ckrch" ieïìhdj iy isïndífõ&tÉwhsù wdidê;hka /ln,d .ekSu iy Tjqkag iydhùu i|yd m%dfoaYsl jYfhka ,o yels iïm;azwelaIkaZ ixúOdkh úiska ilia fldgf.k hkq ,efí' tÉwhsù iy taâia wdidê;hka/ln,d.ekSu i|yd m%dfoaYsl jYfhka mj;akd Yla;sh" fï uÕska oshqKq flfrkafkah' tfiau"fiajd ia:dk yd wdY%s; m%Yak ksrdlrKh i|yd wdh;k w;r iïnkaë;djho ta uÕska j¾Okhflf¾' f,dal fi!LH ixúOdkfha úfYaI{;djfhka fi; i,id .ksñka zwelaIkaZ ixúOdkh úiskata ta rgj,g WÑ; m%;sldr l%u ,nd.ekSu myiq lrkafkah' kso¾Ykhla fufiah' wLKav tfiauúYajdih ;eìh yels .=Kd;aul jYfhka Wiia zwdÜZ fí;a j¾. ñ,hg .kakg welaIka wdh;khúiska ixirKh jk wruqo,la msysgqjd we;af;ah' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a kshqla;hkag;a" Tjqkaf.kahefmkakkag;a" wLKavj ta wdÜ fí;a j¾. ,efnk ;ekg ñka l%u iïmdokh fjhs' tmuKlafkdfõ' tÉwhsù wdidê;j fjfik whg ffu;%SmQ¾jljQ;a" iydh imhkakdjQ;a" fiajd ia:dk wdY%s;l%shdud,djla iïmdokh lrkakgo" welaIka wdh;kh úiska mshjr f.k we;af;ah' fï zwelaIkaZjevms<sfj, ta b,lal rdcH oyfhka Tíng wkql%ufhka úysfoahehs n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkq ,efí'

fiajd ia:dkfhys tÉwhsù iy taâia úfrdaë igk ;j;j;a m%n, lrkq msKsi" f,dal nexl=júiska f,djmqrd ;ukaf.a ish¨ ld¾hd,j,u wNHka;r flakaøia:dk msysgqjd we;af;ah' ^ld¾h idOllKavdhï kdhljre& kshqla;hka iy Tjqkaf.ka hefmkakjqka w;r wjfndaOh j¾Okh lsrSu;a"f,dal nexl=j úiska fkdñ,fha iafõÉPdfjka iemfhk WmfoaYk iy mrSlaIK j,ska m%fhdack.kakg kshqla;hka fhduq lsrSu;a" wjYH whg zmSBmSZ lÜg, ,ndoSu;a fï mqoa.,hkaf.a j.lSuhs'f,dal nexl=fõ fjdIsxgkays fi!LH fiajd wxYh uÕska ffjoHdOdr b,a,Sfï lghq;= ryiHldrfhkabgqjk njg" f,dal nexl=j iy;sl flf¾' f,dal nexl=fõ ksh; jYfhkau tÉwhsù wdidê;ks,Odrs uKav,hg iy Tjqkaf.ka hefmkakkag;a" ffjri úfrdaë fí;aj¾. iïmdokh lsrSuo"f,dal nexl=j úiska iy;sl flf¾'

fndfyda rgj,oS tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh" ta ta úfYaI wdh;khg iSudjQ l%shdj,Skaf.kaTíng f.dia" idOdrKjQ;a" fldkalsrSï fkdue;sjQ;a" fiajd ia:dkhla ;efkk ;ekg mshjr .kS'tÉwhsù iy taâia wdY%s; fiajd ia:dk jHdmD;s taldnoaO lsrsu ksid" fï rgj, fiajfhys fhoS isákish¨u kshqla;hka b,lal fldg .kakg tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh iu;aù we;af;ah'


49


tÉwhsù iy taâia iys; f,dalhl fiajfhys fhoSu

• Tnf.a rfÜ" tÉwhsù wdY%s; .erySï iy fldkalsrSïj,g ;=vq fokafka ljr foaj,ao@

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

• Tnf.a fiajd ia:dkfhys" tÉwhsù wdY%s; .erySïj,g iy fldkalsrSï j,g mgyeksj igka lsrSugTn úiska l< yels we;eï foa ljf¾o@

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha fiajd ia:dkj," tÉwhsù wdY%s; .erySïj,g fydafldka lsrSïj,g" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a tÉwhsù$taâia msrsia m%;sm;a;sh úiska bv fkdfoknj m%isoaO lsrSug wmg hq;=lula we;af;ah' tÉwhsù iys;j fjfikafka hehs i<lkq,nk hful= .ek" i.fhl= úiska fjkialï flfrk lshukla lshkafka kïke;fyd;a .erySï lrk m%ldYhla lrkafka kï wm fkdmudju ta .ek m%;spdroelaúh hq;=h' wmf.a tosfkod cSú;fhysoS" wm úiska kskaodldrS NdIdj Ndú;fhkaje<lS isáh hq;=fõ' tfiau" tÉwhsù iy taâia ms<sn| wmf.a woyia" ¥IudKwdrxÑj,ska ,nd.kakd ,o foa fkdj" i;H lreKq wdY%fhka ,nd.kakd ,o foa jk;ekg wm iy;sl úh hq;=fõ' tÉwhsù iy taâia ms<sn|j wmf.a i.hka yd iuÕidlÉPd lrkakg wm újD; úh hq;=fõ' wka whf.a m%Yakj,g weyqïlka fokakg;awm iQodkï úh hq;=h' wka yeu tlgu jvd wm úiska is; ;nd.; hq;= jkafka" wmfjfikafka" taâia" je<elaúh fkdfyk h:d¾:hla jQ f,dalhl nj;a" wm ish¨fokduta frda.hg f.dÿre úh yels nj;ah'

rdcldrsfha fhoS isákúg" wmf.a whs;sjdislï iy wmf.a fi!LHh;a wdrlaId lrkqmsKsi oekgu;a mj;akd ixúOdkj,ska wm m%fhdack .; hq;=fõ' kshqla;hkaf.a fiajdiñ;s fyda ix.ï" tfukau" fi!LH iy wdrlaIl fldñá fyda ks,OdrSyq taixúOdkj,g wh;ah' tjeks ixúOdk úiska kdhl;ajh iïmdokh l< hq;=fõ' taixúOdk úiska w¾:j;a wdo¾Yhla osh hq;=fõ' tfukau" wjfndaOh" ffu;%sh iyfjkialï lsrSfuka je<lSu wdoS hy.=K j¾Okh lrkq msKsi wjYH mshjr iliaù;sfnk ;ekg mrsmd,k wxYh yd iuÕ tlaj lghq;= l< hq;=fjhs'

tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkh ydnoaO fiajdia:dkj,ska"

tÉwhsù wdY%s;.erySï iyfldkalsrSïuq,skqmqgd,sh

yelsjk ;ekg"wm tla

tlaflkd úiskaujgkd fufyhlabgq l< hq;=fõ'


50

• fiajd ia:dkfha tÉwhsù iy taâia ms<sn| tlai;a cd;Skaf.a jevigyka j,ska Tnf.a rdcldrsia:dkfha ;sfnkafka l=ulao@ Tng ta .ek ;j;a lreKq oek.; yelafla flfiao@

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

• tÉwhsù iy taâia wdY%s; tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha m%;sm;a;s jevigyk iy whs;sjdislïms<sn|j ;j;a WmfoaY iy wdOdr i|yd" Tng tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha fjk wh fj;fhduqúh yelso@ tfia fhduqúh yelafla Tn m%foaYfha fukau Tnf.a rdcldrs ia:dkfhka neyerfyda ld fj;o@

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

• w;sf¾l igyka

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________


51


Cardo D et al. (1997) A case-control study of HIV seroconversion in healthcare workers after percutaneous exposure, New Eng J Med;337:1542-43.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US) (1989) Guidelines forPrevention of Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus andHepatitis B Virus to Health-Care and Public-Safety Workers, MMWR;38(S-6):1-36.

Connor E et al.(1994) Reduction of maternal-infant transmission of humanimmunodeficiency virus type 1 with zidovudine treatment, New Eng JMed;331:1173-80.

DeVincenzi I et al. (1994) A longitudinal study of human immunodeficiencyvirus transmission by heterosexual partners, New Eng J Med;331:341-46.

Hauri A et al. (in press) The Global Burden of Disease Attributable toContaminated Injections in Health Care Settings, Int J STD & AIDS.

FAO (2002) Living Well with HIV/AIDS: A Manual on Nutritional Care andSupport for People Living with HIV/AIDS, FAO, Rome. Available at www.fao.org.

ILO (2002) The ILO Code of Practice on HIV/AIDS and the World of Work, ILO,Geneva. Available at www.ilo.org.

Kamb M et al. (1998) Efficacy of Risk-Reduction Counseling to PreventHuman Immunodeficiency Virus and Sexually Transmitted Diseases: ARandomized Controlled Trial, JAMA;280:1161-67.

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes ofHealth (US) (2000) Workshop Summary: Scientific Evidence on CondomEffectiveness for Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) Prevention, accessed 29January 2004 at www.niaid.nih.gov/dmid/stds/condomreport.pdf.

National Institute of Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health (US) (2002)Principles of HIV Prevention in Drug-Using Populations: A Research-BasedGuide.

Nduati R et al. (2000) Effect of Breastfeeding and Formula Feeding onTransmission of HIV-1: A Randomized Clinical Trial, JAMA;283:1167-74.

uQ,dY%


52

Palella F et al. (1998) Declining Morbidity and Mortality among Patients withAdvanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections, New Eng JMed;338:853-60.

Paterson DL et al. (2000) Adherence to Protease Inhibitor Therapy andOutcomes in Patients with HIV Infection. Ann Intern Med;133:21-30.

UNAIDS (2002) Gender and AIDS Fact Sheets – The Female Condom, availableat www.unaids.org.

UNAIDS (2004) Global Report on the HIV/AIDS Epidemic, UNAIDS, Geneva.

UNAIDS (2001) HIV Prevention Needs and Successes: A Tale of ThreeCountries, UNAIDS Best Practice Collection, UNAIDS, Geneva.

UNAIDS, Questions & Answers on HIV/AIDS, available at www.unaids.org.

UNGASS Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS, adopted in June 2001 at theUnited Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS, available atwww.unaids.org.

United Nations System Strategic Plan on HIV/AIDS, 2001–2005, available atwww.unaids.org.

Vlahov D, Junge B (1998) The Role of Needle Exchange Programs in HIVPrevention, Public Health Reports (Supp. 1):75-80.



53

Wm.%ka:h 1

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a tÉwhsù$taâia mqoa., m%;sm;a;sh1

w' f;dr;=re wOHdmkh iy fiiq jdrl fi!LH m%;sm;a;s

i. tÉwhsù wdidOkfhka je<lS isákakg iy mj;akd taâia wdidOkhguqyqKmdkakg;a" Tjqkag Yla;sh ,efnKq msKsi" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha kshqla;whg iy Tjqkaf.a mjq,aj, whg;a" w¨;au f;dr;=re m%udKj;a f,i iïmdokh l<hq;=fõ'

fï wruqK bgqfldg .ekSu i|yd" tÉwhsù$taâia ms<sn|j l%shdYS,S wOHdmkl%uhla" ish kshqla;hka i|yd iliafldg th l%shdfõ fhdojkakg" tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkfha ishü wdh;khka osrs .kajkq ,efí' ta i|yd tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfhakshqla;hka yd Tjqkaf.a mjq,aj, wh Wfoid hQtkataâia wdh;kh úiska iïmdos; taâiams<sn| w;afmd; Ndú; l< yelsfõ' bka miqj ta wkqj" ryiHdldrfhka ;jÿrg;al%shdl< yels" ta ta m%foaYfha tÉwhsù$taâia ms<sn| WmfoaYkhkays m<mqreÿ why÷kd.; hq;=fõ'

tfia kshqla;hkag wOHdmkh iemhSfï jevms<sfj<lg" tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkfha ffjoH fiajd wxYfha ks,OdrSka iyuq,skau iyNd.sfldg .; hq;=h' TjqkagwjYH úh yels hïlsis w;sf¾l jD;a;Sh wOHdmk oekqula fõ kï" th Tjqkag ,ndoshhq;=fõ' tfiau tÉwhsù$taâia ms<sn|j hQtkataâia wdh;kh úiska iïmdos; wjYH w¨;auf;dr;=re Tjqkag ,ndosh hq;=fõ' ta f;dr;=re Tjqka uÕska rdcldrs ia:dk ish,a,gu,ndosh hq;=fõ'

ii. wdrlaIs; reêrh ,o yels ;eka" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ishü ks,OdrSkagiy Tjqkaf.a mjq,aj, whg;a oekaúh hq;=fõ'

fï wruqK bgq lrkq msKsi" f,dal fi!LH ixúOdkfha wdrlaIs; reêr tallh"tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ffjoH fiajh yd iuÕ iyfhda.Sù úYajdih ;eìh yels l%shdYS,Sreêr mdrú,kh ms<sn| uOHia:dkj, f,aLkhla iliafldg th i;sm;d w¨;a l<hq;=fõ' fï f,aLk ilia jkafka tlai;a cd;Skaf.a m%Odk ld¾hd,hg" m%dfoaYslld¾hd,j,g iy rdcldrs ia:dkj,g;a hjkq msKsi;ah' reêr mdrú,kh lrkq ,nkafkatajd w;HjYHu jQ wjia:dj,oS nj iy;sl flfrkq msKsi" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ffjoHfiajd úiska yd ta yd iïnkaO m%dfoaYsl wdh;k úiskq;a j. n,d.; hq;= jkafkah'

iii. isÿjk fudag¾ r: yosis wk;=re m%udKh wvq lsrSu i|yd" tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkfha fkajdisl iïnkaëldrlhka úiska ish j.lSu l%shdfõ fhoúh hq;=fõ' tfial< hq;=jkafka ta yd iïnkaO urK ixLHdj iy frda.dndO ixLHdj wvqlrkq msKsimuKla fkdfõ' wdrlaIs; reêr iïmdokh l< fkdfyk fmfoiaj," fï wk;=re ksidtÉwhsù wdidOkh isÿùfï wka;rdh mj;akd fyhskq;ah'

mj;akd ;;a;ajh ;yjqre lsrSu msKsi fyda oekg l%shdfõ fkdfhfoa kï tajd mD:q,f,i l%shdfõ fhdojkq msKsi fyda my; oelafjk mshjr i<ld n,kakg tlai;acd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha fkajdisl ixúOdhlhkag ffO¾hh fokq ,efí' tfukau rdcldrsia:dkfha ishü msrsiaj,g tu mshjr ms<sn| f;dr;=re okajkakg;a" ta yd iu.u"m%isoaO m%jdyk l%u Ndú;h ms<sn| WmfoaYo okajkakg;a lshd isákq ,efí(

• tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ishü r:jdykj," wdik má me<|Su wksjd¾h lsrSu'

• isõ frdao-Odjl r:" ud¾.j,ska neyer Ndú; lsrSu ms<sn|j iqÿiq mqyqKqj ,ndoSu'

• ks, rshÿfrl= isákd fõ,dj, fjk hïlsis mqoa.,fhl= úiska rsh meoùu ;ykï

lsrSu'

1 taiSiS ;SrKh 1991$10'


54

• fudag¾ ihsl,a Ndú; lrk wh úiska ysiajeiqï me<|Su wksjd¾h lsrSu'

• r:jdyk mojkakka úiska u;aøjH Ndú;h ;ykï lsrSu'

• m%:udOdr mqyqKq ieis ixúOdkh lsrSu iy

• uelafrdfud,slshq,¾ fid,shqIkaia wvx.= m%:udOdr lÜg, tlai;a cd;Skaf.a

ixúOdkfha r:jdykj,g iïmdokh lsrSu;ah'

iv. tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ish¨fokdgu iy Tjqkaf.a mjq,aj, whg;a" jrlaNdú;fldg bj; oeñh yels isrskac iy tkak;a lgq ,o yelsúh hq;=h'

tjeks WmlrK ksisfia úIîcdkqyrKh i|yd myiqlï we;ehs iy;sl l<fkdfyk m%foaYj,g rdcldrs i|yd .uka lrk ks,OdrSkag" jrla Ndú;fldg bj;,shyels isrskac iy tkak;a lgq iïmdokh l< hq;=fõ' tajd /f.k hkafka ulaksidoehsúia;r lrk iy;slhla" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ks, NdId ish,af,kau tajd yd iuÕ ;sìhhq;=fõ' udKav,sl ks,OdrSka iy Tjqkaf.a mjq,aj, wh;a úiska Ndú; l< yelsjkq msKsil,dmSh ld¾hd,j,;a fiiq rdcldrs ia:dkj,;a" Ndú;fldg bj;,sh yels tkak;aWmlrK .nvdfldg ;nd.; hq;=fõ' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a T!IOd.drj, ^äiafmkairsj,&fï f;d. ;sìh hq;=fõ' fkdtfiakï ta ta rfÜ f,dal fi!LH ixúOdkfha rdcldrsia:dkfha ;sìh hq;=h'

v. tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ish¨u ks,Odrs uKav,j,g Tjqkaf.a mjq,aj, whg;a"Wm;ajdrl fldmq ,o yels úh hq;=h' ta Wm;ajdrl fldmq ,o hq;= jkafka" tlai;acd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ck.yK wruqo, ^hQtkat*amSta& uÕska iy$fyda f,dal fi!LHixúOdkfhks' tajd tfia ,o hq;= jkafka" rdcldrs ia:dkhkays" fm!oa.,sl wxYfhkaúYajdi lghq;=jQ;a wLKavj ,o yelsjQ;a Wm;ajdrl fldmq imhd.; fkdfyk úghs'iïmdokh fkdñ,fha" ir,dldrfhka ryis.;j úh hq;=h'

wd' iafõÉPdfjka mrSlaIKj,g fmkS isàu" WmfoaYk ,nd.ekSu iy ryiHNdjh

mQ¾j iy miq WmfoaYk iys;j ish leue;af;ka mrSlaIKhg fmkS isàu iyryiHNdjh iy;sl lsrSu" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ks,OdrSka iy Tjqkaf.a mjq,aj, wh úiska,o hq;= fjhs'

ish leue;af;ka iy ;yjqre fldg .ekSfï woyiskq;a flfrk mrSlaIK iyWmfoaYk i|yd m%udKj;a jQ;a ryiHjQ;a myiqlï ;sìh hq;=fõ' fïjd tlai;a cd;Skaf.aixúOdkfha ks,OdrSkag iy Tjqkaf.a mjq,aj, whg;a" ta ta m%foaYj,oS ,o yelsúhhq;=h' tysoS" tajd iïmdokh úh hq;af;a tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ffjoH fiajfha iy f,dalfi!LH ixúOdkfha;a iyfhda.h iys;jh' tÉwhsù mrSlaIKhlska ffjrih we;ehs fydake;ehs lshk m%;sM, foflka ´kEu tlla ms<sn|j ryiHNdjh /flk mrsos" tlai;acd;Skaf.a wdh;k úiska ta mrSlaIK iy WmfoaYk l%fudamdhh iliafldg .; hq;=jkafkah' tjeks mrSlaIKhla meje;ajQ nj mjd ris.;j ;nd.; hq;=fõ' Tyqf.a fydawehf.a tÉwhsù ;;ajh ms<sn|j f;dr;=re m%ldY lsrSug whs;sh ;sfnkafka yqfola tamrSlaIKhg ,lajQ ;eke;a;dg muKs'

we' m;alsrSï iy fiajd ms<sn| fldkafoaisn|jd.kakg fmr iy fiajfhys fhoùfï fldkafoais

• n|jd .ekSfï tlu ffjoH ñKqu kï" rdcldrs lsrSfï Yla;sh muKs'

• tÉwhsù wdidOkh muKlau" rlaIdfõ fhoSfï Yla;sh ke;slfï idOlhla fkdfõ'

• whÿïlrejka n|jd .ekSfïoS tÉwhsù mrSlaaIKhla fkdmeje;afjhs'

• ffjoH j¾.SlrKfhaoS taâia i<lkq ,nkafka fjk wksla fi!LH ;;a;ajhka i<ld

n,k wdldrfhks'


55

Wm.%ka:h 1

• idhkfhaoS taâia ms<sn|j ielhla we;sjqjfyd;a" wheÿïlrejd yrsyeáu" oekqj;aj

tlÕùu iys;j tÉwhsù mrSlaIKh meje;aùu wjYH jkafka úh yelsh'

• rlaIdjg n|jd .ekSug fmr meje;afjk mrSlaIKfha lsisu fohla fya;= fldgf.k"

lsisu wheÿïlrefjl= úiska Tyqf.a fyda wehf.a tÉwhsù ;;a;ajh fy,slrkakg ne|S

ke;'

• fkajdislj isàu i|yd tÉwhsù mrSlaIKhla wjYH rgl" ljrdldrhl rlaIdjla

i|yd jqjo" m<flfrk rlaId mqrmamdvq oekaùfï" fuu wjYH;djh i|yka l<

hq;=fõ'

rlaIdj os.gu mj;ajdf.k hEu

• tÉwhsù wdidOkh fyda taâia" /lSrlaIdj ksud lsrSfï mokula jYfhka ie<lsh hq;=

fkdfõ'

• tÉwhsù wdY%s; frda.hla ksid" jevlsrSfï Yla;sh ÿ¾j, fõ kï" wvd, fõ kï

w¾:j;a úl,amhla ilia l< hq;=fõ'

• taâia iys; ks,Odrs udKav,slhka úiskao" ne?reï frda.hlska fmf<k fiiq tlai;a

cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha kshqla;fhl= úiska ,nk wdldrfha fi!LH iy idudcsl

wdrlaIdj ,o hq;= jkafkah'

• iDcq wdldrfhka fyda fõjd ^tÉwhsù mrSlaIK& jl% wdldrfhka fyda fõjd ^wjodkï

yeisrSï we.hSu& tÉwhsù$taâia mrSlaIKh fyda fõjd" oekgu;a fmkS isá mrSlaIK

.ek m%Yak lsrSu fyda fõjd wjYH fkdfõ'

• tÉwhsù$taâia ;;a;ajh we;=¿ ish¨u ffjoH f;dr;=re ms<sn|j" ryiHNdjh /lsh

hq;=fõ'

• Tyqf.a fyda wehf.a tÉwhsù$taâia ;;a;ajh .ek fiajd fhdaclhdg okajkakg

kshqla;hd ne|S isáh hq;= fkdfõ'

• fiajd ia:dkfha isák tÉwhsù$taâia wdidê; fyda fõjd" tfia wdidê;hehs i<lkq

,nk fyda fõjd" mqoa.,hka" ld¾hd, i.hka úiska fyda jD;a;Sh ix.ï úiska fyda"

fiajd fhdaclhka úiska fyda .kq-fokq lrejka úiska fyda kskaodjg .erySug ,la

lsrSfuka fyda Tjqka fldka lsrSfuka" wdrlaId fldg.; hq;=fõ'

• tÉwhsù wdidê; kshqla;hkag iy taâia je<÷Kq kshqla;hkag;a fldkalsrSï l< hq;=

fkdfõ' jHjia:dms; iudc ixrlaIK jevms<sfj,g iyNd.sùu iy bka ,efnk

fi; i,id .kakg bv ie,iSu;a" rlaIdjg wod< Y=NidOk ,eîu;a j<lajd,k

fldkalsrSu o fuhg wh;ah'

• m;alsrSï j,g iy fiajhg wod< uQ,O¾uj," mrsmd,k" msrsia iy uQ,H lreKq

ms<sn| wre;a" wëlaIKh l< hq;=fõ' tajd l,skal, mrSlaIdjg k;= l< hq;=fõ'

wE' fi!LH rlaIK fi; ms<sn| jevigyka

i. tÉwhsù ;;a;ajh .ek ie<lSulska f;drj" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ish¨ukshqla;hkag fi!LH rlaIK wdjrKh iïmdokh l< hq;=fõ'

rlaIdjg n|jd .ekSug fmr fyda miqj" tÉwhsù mrSlaIK meje;aúh hq;= fkdfõ'

ii. tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha kshqla;hka úiska fi!LH rlaIKh i|yd f.jkfldgia flfrys" tÉwhsù ;;a;ajh n,mE hq;= fkdfõ'

ljr fi!LH rlaIK l%uhla i|yd jqjo tÉwhsù wdidOkh ms<sn| mrSlaIKhlgwjir osh hq;= fkdfõ'

56

cd;Hka;r lïlre ixúOdkfha jD;a;Sh kS;s moaO;sfha m%Odk uQ,O¾uhkaf.aidrdxYhcd;Hka;r lïlre ixúOdkfha ztÉwhsù$taâia jD;a;Sh kS;s moaO;sh iy Y%u f,dalhZúiska" cd;sl uÜgfï iy jHdmdrsl uÜgfï m%;sm;a;s ilia lsrSu i|yd WmfoaY ud,diïmdokh flf¾' fiajd ia:dkj, jevigyka i|yd m%dfhda.sl WmfoaY;a iemfha'

zjD;a;Sh kS;s moaO;shZ ilia lrk ,oafoa wdKavqj,;a" fiajd fhdaclhkaf.a;a" iEum%foaYhlu fiajdodhlhkaf.a;a iyfhda.h iys;jhs'

zkS;s moaO;sfhaZ m%Odk uQ, O¾u oyh fufiah(

1' tÉwhsù$taâia" fiajd ia:dkfha m%Yakhla jYfhka y÷kd.ekSu tÉwhsù$taâia"fiajd ia:dkfha m%Yakhla njg m;ajkafka" yqfola th Y%u yuqodj flf¾ n,mdk ksidmuKla fkdfõ' jix.;h me;sr hdu;a tys m%;sM,h ms<sn|j" fiajd ia:dkh úiskam%n, fufyhla bgq l< yels;a ksidh'

2' fjkialï fkdlsrSu ksh; jYfhkau mj;akd fyda iel lrkq ,enQ tÉwhsù;;a;ajhla mokï fldg f.k" fiajdodhlhkag fjkialï lsrSu fyda Tjqkag kskaodlsrSu" isÿúh hq;= fkdfõ'

3' ia;%S-mqreI iudk;dj ia;%S-mqreI fomlaIfhau iudk in|;d oshqKqùu;a ldka;djkgn,dfrdamKh;a" tÉwhsù wdidOkh me;sr hdu j<lajd,Su i|yd b;d jgfkah' fïuÕska tÉwhsù$taâia ;;a;ajhg uQKmdkakg ldka;dfjda iu;a fj;s'

4' fi!LH iïmkak fiajd mrsirh fiajd mrsirh" fi!LH iïmkak úh hq;=h' wdrlaIdiy.; úh hq;=h' tfiau th fiajdodhlhkaf.a fi!LH ;;a;ajhg yd m%ùk;ajhghym;ajk wdldrfhka ilia úh hq;=h'

5' idudcsl ixjdoh id¾:l tÉwhsù$taâia m%;sm;a;s iïmdokh Wfoid" fiajdfhdaclhd;a" fiajdodhlhkq;a" rch;a w;r iyfhda.hla iy úYajdihla ;sìhhq;=fõ'

6' /lSrlaId iïmdokh Wfoid mrSlaIdj rlaIdjlg wheÿï lrk wfhl=g fydarlaIdfõ kshqla;j isák wfhl=g mrSlaIKhlg fmkS isákakehs kshu l< hq;=fkdfõ' fï kS;s moaO;sfha úfYaIfhka i|yka ù ;sfnk wdldrhg ñi" fiajdia:dkfhaoS tÉwhsù mrSlaIK meje;aúh hq;= fkdfõ'

7' ryiHNdjh fiajdodhlfhl=f.a tÉwhsù ;;a;ajh ms<sn| o;a;" jD;a;Skays ksr;ùums<sn| cd;Hka;r lïlre kS;s moaO;sfha i|yka ryiHNdjh ms<sn| kS;sj,gwod<j tajdhska iSudù ;sìh hq;=fõ'

8' /lSrlaId iïnkaO;djh os.gu mj;ajdf.k hEu tÉwhsù ;;a;ajh" rlaIdjlaksud lsrSfï fya;=jla fkdfõ' tÉwhsù wdY%s; frda.j,ska fmf<k whg" iqÿiq;;a;ajhla hgf;a" fi!LH jYfhka Yla;su;aj isák ;dla l,a fiajfha fhoshyelsúh hq;=h'

9' ksjdrKh ta ta m%foaYfha ck lKavdhfï isák iydhlfhda f;dr;=re iy wOHdmkhuÕska" jdrK m%h;ak l%shdfõ fhdojkakg b;d fyd| ;;a;ajhl isá;s' wdl,am iyp¾hd fjkia lrkakg iydh iemhSfïoS;a Tjqyq b;d fyd| ;;a;ajhl isá;s'

10'/ln,d.ekSu iy iydh fiajd ia:dkfha taâia ;;a;ajhg uQK mEfïud¾f.damfoaYh kï taldnoaOj /ln,d .ekSu;a" iyfhda.h;ah' ;ukaf.a wd¾:sl;;a;ajhg .e,fmk fi!LH fiajd iy Y=NidOk ,nd.kakg" ish¨ fiajdodhlhkagwhs;shla we;af;ah' tfukau" jHjia:dms; iy /lSrlaId Y=NidOk l%uj,ska ,efnkm%;s,dN ,en .kakg;a ish¨u fiajd odhlhkag whs;shla we;af;ah'

Wm.%ka:h 2


unaids sin chap 1 - un cares | the un system-wide … · 2008-05-02 · iii kdu uq,a wl=re iv...

Documents