understanding declining fluidity in the u.s. labor market · 2016-07-31 · bpea conference draft,...
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BPEA Conference Draft, March 10-11, 2016
Understanding declining fluidity in the U.S. labor market Raven Molloy, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Christopher L. Smith, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Riccardo Trezzi, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Abigail Wozniak, University of Notre Dame, NBER, and IZA
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Hires = NE + UE + JtJ
Separations = EU + EN + JtJ
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yikt = β0 +Xiktβk +Θt + ϵikt.
k
k
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δ ΘF ΘW
M (ΘF ,ΘW )
M∗
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M∗ k j
δfjwk > δfjwj and δfkwj ! δfkwk.
M∗
M∗ M∗
ωw = h̄+ δfw|M .
M∗
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yit = β0 + β1indtenit + β2indten2it + β3occtenit + β4occten
2it +
+β5jobtenit + β6jobten2it + θXit +Θt +Θi + ϵit.
i t
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Xit
Θt
Θi
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312
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.005
.01
.015
.02
.025
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
EU
.15
.2.25
.3.35
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
UE
.025
.03
.035
.04
.045
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
EN
.04
.045
.05
.055
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
NE
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.08
.1.1
2.1
4.1
6.1
8
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Job to job transition
.02
.025
.03
.035
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Interstate migration
.12
.14
.16
.18
.2
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Job destruction rate
.12
.14
.16
.18
.2.2
21970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Job creation rate
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-2-1
01
2
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Annual (5 var) Annual (8 var) Quarterly
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.02
.04
.06
.08
.1
1975 1985 1995 2005 2015
Job separation rate
0.0
5.1
.15
.21975 1985 1995 2005 2015
All 16-2455+ Males, 25-54Female, 25-54
Job finding rate
0.1
.2.3
.4
1975 1985 1995 2005 2015
Fraction of employed with 2+ employers in previous year
0.0
2.0
4.0
6
1975 1985 1995 2005 2015
All 16-24
55+ Males, 25-54
Female, 25-54
Fraction changing states in previous year
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-.015
-.01
-.005
0.0
05
1975 1985 1995 2005 2015
Monthly trans. rate from emp. to non-emp.
-.015
-.01
-.005
0.0
05.0
1
1975 1985 1995 2005 2015
Monthly trans. rate from non-emp. to emp.
-.04
-.02
0.0
2.0
4
1975 1985 1995 2005 2015
Fraction of emp. with 2+ employers
-.015
-.01
-.005
0.0
051975 1985 1995 2005 2015
Year FE Age, sex, and mar. status
Also controlling for ed.
Fraction changing states
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National Average
-.025
-.02
-.015
-.01
-.005
0
Tren
d in
Lab
or M
arke
t Flu
idity
AKID
MTSD
WVNM
WAWY
ORNH
HIIA
LARI
ALVT
MEMS
CONE
MNAZ
ARMO
NDOK
KYKS
UTCA
WITX
TNNV
FLMA
MDPA
VADC
INMI
DEGA
OHIL
NJNY
CTSC
NC
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AL
AK
AZ
AR
CA
CO
CT
DEDC
FL
GA
HI
ID
IL
IN
IA
KS
KY
LA
ME
MD
MA MIMN MS
MO
MT
NE
NV
NH
NJ
NM
NY
NC
ND
OH
OK
OR
PARI
SC
SD
TN
TXUT
VT VA
WA
WV
WI
WY
-.015
-.01
-.005
0.0
05.0
1
Tren
d in
labo
r mar
ket f
luid
ity a
ge 3
5-64
-.003 -.002 -.001 0 .001
Trend in age 23-34
.35
.45
.30
.40
.50
Shar
e sa
ying
mos
t peo
ple
can
be tr
uste
d
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
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-2-1
01
2
Stat
e tre
nd in
flui
dity
-2 0 2 4
GSS trust indicator
0.0005
.001
.0015
Share
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
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AL
AK
AZ
AR
CACO
CTDE
FL
GA
HI
ID
IL
IN
IA
KS
KY
LA
ME
MD
MA
MI
MN
MS
MO
MT
NE
NV NH
NJNMNY
NC
ND
OH
OK
OR
PA
RISC
SD
TN
TXUT
VT
VA
WA
WV
WI
WY
-.015
-.01
-.005
0.0
05
Tren
d in
labo
r mar
ket f
luid
ity 1
998-
2013
.00004 .00006 .00008 .0001
Trend in human resource membership 1998-2013
AL
AK
AZARCA
CO
CT
DEFL
GA
HI
ID
ILIN
IA
KS KY
LAME
MD MAMI
MNMSMO
MT
NE
NV
NH
NJ
NM
NY
NC
ND
OH
OK
OR
PA
RI
SC
SD
TN TX UT
VT
VA
WAWV
WI
WY
-.025
-.02
-.015
-.01
-.005
Tren
d in
labo
r mar
ket f
luid
ity
-1.2 -.8 -.4 0 .4 .8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4
Land use regulation
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-2-1
01
2
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Baseline (biweight) CF filter Cosine projections
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.01
.02
.03
.04
1975 1985 1995 2005 2015
EU transition rate
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8
1975 1985 1995 2005 2015
EN transition rate
.15
.2.2
5.3
.35
1975 1985 1995 2005 2015
UE transition rate
.02
.04
.06
.08
.1.1
21975 1985 1995 2005 2015
All 16-24
55+ Males, 25-54
Female, 25-54
NE transition rate
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-.005
0.0
05.0
1
1975 1985 1995 2005 2015
EU transition rate
-.008
-.006
-.004
-.002
0
1975 1985 1995 2005 2015
EN transition rate
-.1-.0
50
.05
.1
1975 1985 1995 2005 2015
UE transition rate
-.01
-.005
0.0
05.0
11975 1985 1995 2005 2015
Year FE Age, sex, and mar. status
Also controlling for ed.
NE transition rate
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-.2-.1
0.1
.2.3
1977 1981 1985 1989 1993 1997 2001 2005 2009 2013
22 ≤ Age ≤ 34 35 ≤ Age ≤ 64
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