Understanding Understanding Learning DisabilityLearning Disability

Day OneDay One

IntroductionsIntroductions YouYou MeMe Kaleidoscope YorkshireKaleidoscope Yorkshire

Your experiencesYour experiences What experience have you had What experience have you had

working with people with Learning working with people with Learning Disabilities?, what was your role?Disabilities?, what was your role?

If no working experience, what If no working experience, what experience have you had personally experience have you had personally of Learning Disabilities (friends, of Learning Disabilities (friends, family), family),

in what way did you support the in what way did you support the person/s?person/s?

AimAim To provide an understanding, To provide an understanding,

awareness and introductory awareness and introductory insight surrounding Learning insight surrounding Learning DisabilityDisability

Day 1 - ObjectivesDay 1 - Objectives Define what we mean by Learning Define what we mean by Learning

DisabilityDisability Identify some facts relating to Learning Identify some facts relating to Learning

DisabilityDisability Examine the early warning signsExamine the early warning signs Identify the signs and symptomsIdentify the signs and symptoms Consider how Learning Disabilities are Consider how Learning Disabilities are

diagnoseddiagnosed Describe the different types of Learning Describe the different types of Learning

DisabilityDisability Examine other associated conditionsExamine other associated conditions Discuss issues surrounding Learning Discuss issues surrounding Learning

Disability and Mental HealthDisability and Mental Health Identify issues relating to Learning Identify issues relating to Learning

Disability and ethnic origin, culture and ageDisability and ethnic origin, culture and age

What is a learning What is a learning disability?disability?

‘‘Learning disability’Learning disability’ is an umbrella is an umbrella term covering many different term covering many different intellectual disabilities. It means that intellectual disabilities. It means that a person’s capacity to learn is a person’s capacity to learn is affected and that they may not learn affected and that they may not learn things as quickly as other people. things as quickly as other people. Sometimes a learning disability is Sometimes a learning disability is called a called a learning difficultylearning difficulty, , intellectual impairmentintellectual impairment or or intellectual disabilityintellectual disability..

Foundation for People with Learning Foundation for People with Learning Disabilities Disabilities ( 2007 )( 2007 )

Cont….Cont…. ““Reduced ability to understand Reduced ability to understand

new or complex information, or new or complex information, or to learn new skills (impaired to learn new skills (impaired intelligence); and reduced ability intelligence); and reduced ability to cope independently (impaired to cope independently (impaired social functioning), which social functioning), which started before adulthood, with a started before adulthood, with a lasting effect on development." lasting effect on development."

Learning disability or learning Learning disability or learning difficulty??difficulty??

Two important Two important distinctionsdistinctions

SpecificSpecific GeneralGeneral

Facts - Pub Quiz!Facts - Pub Quiz!

Question 1Question 1 Learning Disability is an Learning Disability is an

illness – True Or Falseillness – True Or False

Question 2Question 2 There are about ?? million There are about ?? million

people in the UK who have people in the UK who have a learning disabilitya learning disability

1 million1 million 1.5 million1.5 million 2 million2 million

Question 3Question 3 It is estimated that there are It is estimated that there are

how many people in the UK how many people in the UK with with severesevere learning learning disabilities?disabilities?

150,000 – 230,000150,000 – 230,000 230,000 – 350,000230,000 – 350,000 350,000 – 500,000350,000 – 500,000

Question 4Question 4 Males are more likely than Males are more likely than

females to have both severe females to have both severe learning disabilities and mild learning disabilities and mild learning disabilities – True or learning disabilities – True or False?False?

Question 5Question 5 The number of adults with The number of adults with

learning disabilities aged learning disabilities aged over 60 is predicted to over 60 is predicted to increase by 36% between increase by 36% between 2001 and 2021 – True or 2001 and 2021 – True or False? False?

Question 6Question 6 How many people with How many people with

learning disabilities live in learning disabilities live in care homes and hospitals?care homes and hospitals?

39,50039,500 50,00050,000 65,50065,500

Question 7Question 7 Less than 1 in 5 people with Less than 1 in 5 people with

a learning disability work – a learning disability work – True or False?True or False?

Question 8Question 8 What % of GPs have received What % of GPs have received

no training to help them treat no training to help them treat people with a learning people with a learning disability. disability.

50%50% 65%65% 75%75%

Question 9Question 9 Learning disability is a life Learning disability is a life

long condition – True or long condition – True or False?False?

Question 10Question 10 People with learning People with learning

disabilities do not normally disabilities do not normally suffer from mental health suffer from mental health problems – True or Falseproblems – True or False

Learning Disability and Learning Disability and Mental HealthMental Health

DifferencesDifferences Learning DisabilityLearning Disability Noticeable at birthNoticeable at birth Evident in childhood and formative yearsEvident in childhood and formative years General and more severe learning General and more severe learning

disabilities are lifelong and permanent disabilities are lifelong and permanent General learning problems affect General learning problems affect

intellectual functioningintellectual functioning Mental Health problems for people are not Mental Health problems for people are not

easily defined or discoveredeasily defined or discovered Lack of servicesLack of services How many people have Mental Health How many people have Mental Health

problems?problems?

What are the early warning What are the early warning signs?signs?

Detectable at birthDetectable at birth Spoken LanguageSpoken Language Written LanguageWritten Language ArithmeticArithmetic ReasoningReasoning MemoryMemory Visual and AuditoryVisual and Auditory Motor SkillsMotor Skills

What are the signs and What are the signs and symptoms?symptoms?

Poor performancePoor performance Difficulty discriminating sizes, shapes and coloursDifficulty discriminating sizes, shapes and colours Difficulty with temporal conceptsDifficulty with temporal concepts Poor visual / motor co-ordinationPoor visual / motor co-ordination Reversals in writing and readingReversals in writing and reading Slowness in completing workSlowness in completing work General awkwardnessGeneral awkwardness HyperactivityHyperactivity Poor organisational skillsPoor organisational skills Difficulty with abstract reasoning / and or problem Difficulty with abstract reasoning / and or problem

solvingsolving

Signs and Symptoms cont..Signs and Symptoms cont.. Poor short term or long term memoryPoor short term or long term memory Impulsive behaviourImpulsive behaviour Low tolerance and frustrationLow tolerance and frustration Poor peer relationshipsPoor peer relationships Inappropriate, unselective, and often excessive Inappropriate, unselective, and often excessive

display of affection display of affection Behaviour often inappropriate for situationBehaviour often inappropriate for situation Excessive variation in mood Excessive variation in mood Difficulty concentratingDifficulty concentrating Lack of hand preference or mixed dominance Lack of hand preference or mixed dominance Difficulty making decisions Difficulty making decisions

How are learning disabilities How are learning disabilities diagnosed?diagnosed?

CriteriaCriteria IQIQ Social and adaptive Social and adaptive

dysfunctiondysfunction Early onsetEarly onset

CausesCauses Before birth ( pre natal )Before birth ( pre natal ) During birth ( peri natal )During birth ( peri natal ) After birth ( post natal )After birth ( post natal )

Types of learning Types of learning disabilitydisability

Common ( specific ) Learning Common ( specific ) Learning ‘Difficulties’‘Difficulties’

DyslexiaDyslexia DysgraphiaDysgraphia DyscalculiaDyscalculia DyspraxiaDyspraxia Non Verbal Learning DifficultyNon Verbal Learning Difficulty Problems with Audio ProcessingProblems with Audio Processing

Types of learning Types of learning disabilitydisability

Syndromes and disorders – Syndromes and disorders – ‘general learning ‘disabilities’‘general learning ‘disabilities’

Downs SyndromeDowns Syndrome William’s SyndromeWilliam’s Syndrome Fragile X SyndromeFragile X Syndrome Fetal Alcohol Spectrum DisorderFetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Prader Wili SyndromePrader Wili Syndrome Klinefelter’s SyndromeKlinefelter’s Syndrome Turner SyndromeTurner Syndrome Angelman SyndromeAngelman Syndrome Smoking??Smoking??

Types of Learning Types of Learning DisabilityDisability

Severe and Profound Severe and Profound disabilitiesdisabilities

Rett SyndromeRett Syndrome Batten’s DiseaseBatten’s Disease Tuberous SclerosisTuberous Sclerosis

Types of learning Types of learning disabilitydisability

Acquired Brain ImpairmentAcquired Brain Impairment

Associated conditionsAssociated conditions AutismAutism Asperger’s SyndromeAsperger’s Syndrome ADHDADHD TourettesTourettes Cerebral PalsyCerebral Palsy EpilepsyEpilepsy

Chromosomal AbnormalityChromosomal Abnormality

Learning Disability and Learning Disability and Minority Ethnic Minority Ethnic CommunitiesCommunities

PrevalencePrevalence Barriers of languageBarriers of language Cultural AppropriatenessCultural Appropriateness Poor uptake of servicesPoor uptake of services Social disadvantageSocial disadvantage

Learning Disability and Learning Disability and AgeAge

Life ExpectancyLife Expectancy Biological FactorsBiological Factors DementiaDementia Health and sensory declineHealth and sensory decline

Quiz!!Quiz!! What have you learnt? – 10 questionsWhat have you learnt? – 10 questions

Homework!Homework!

3 most important things that you 3 most important things that you have learnt today and why……have learnt today and why……

Understanding Understanding Learning DisabilityLearning Disability

Day TwoDay Two

3 things3 things

Day 2 - ObjectivesDay 2 - Objectives Consider the social and health needs of Consider the social and health needs of

people with Learning Disabilitiespeople with Learning Disabilities Consider issues relating to Consider issues relating to

communicationcommunication Examine the difficulties people with Examine the difficulties people with

Learning Disabilities faceLearning Disabilities face Identify ways of dealing with challenging Identify ways of dealing with challenging

behaviourbehaviour Explore the approach of ‘Person Centred Explore the approach of ‘Person Centred

Planning’Planning’ Describe differing options for supportDescribe differing options for support Identify relevant legislation and good Identify relevant legislation and good

practicepractice

The needs of people with a The needs of people with a Learning DisabilityLearning Disability

Social NeedsSocial Needs Health NeedsHealth Needs

CommunicationCommunication The way people communicate The way people communicate

is made up of:is made up of:

Body language = ?%Body language = ?% Tone of voice = ?%Tone of voice = ?%

Words = ?%Words = ?%

The way people communicate The way people communicate is made up of:is made up of:

Body language = ?%Body language = ?% Tone of voice = ?%Tone of voice = ?%

Words = ?%Words = ?%

Communication…..Communication…..

What might people have What might people have difficulty with?difficulty with?

Inability to readInability to read Difficulties with speechDifficulties with speech Using ‘jumbling’ wordsUsing ‘jumbling’ words Inability to hearInability to hear Inability to be able to understandInability to be able to understand Problems with expressing selfProblems with expressing self Unable to writeUnable to write

Managing Managing Challenging BehaviourChallenging Behaviour Look for triggersLook for triggers Replacement skillsReplacement skills Styles of interactionStyles of interaction DistractionDistraction WithdrawalWithdrawal EnvironmentEnvironment RewardsRewards RoutineRoutine BoundariesBoundaries

O’ Brien’s Five O’ Brien’s Five AccomplishmentsAccomplishments

Community Presence:Community Presence: The right to take part in community life and to The right to take part in community life and to

live and spend leisure time with other members live and spend leisure time with other members of the community. of the community.

Relationships:Relationships: The right to experience valued relationships with The right to experience valued relationships with

non-disabled people.non-disabled people. Choice:Choice: The right to make choices, both large and small, The right to make choices, both large and small,

in one’s life. These include choices about where in one’s life. These include choices about where to live and with whom to live with.to live and with whom to live with.

Cont…..Cont….. Competence:Competence: The right to learn new skills and The right to learn new skills and

participate in meaningful activities participate in meaningful activities with whatever assistance is required.with whatever assistance is required.

Respect:Respect: The right to be valued and not The right to be valued and not

treated as a second-class citizentreated as a second-class citizen

Person Centred PlanningPerson Centred Planning What is it??What is it?? Video – SabineVideo – Sabine

Person Centred PlanningPerson Centred Planning MethodsMethods

Circle Of SupportCircle Of Support

Person Centred PlanningPerson Centred Planning MAPSMAPS

Person Centred PlanningPerson Centred Planning PATHPATH

Case StudyCase Study JasonJason

Circle of SupportCircle of Support

Options for SupportOptions for Support AdvocacyAdvocacy Money and FinanceMoney and Finance Welfare RightsWelfare Rights TransportTransport Day ServicesDay Services Support at homeSupport at home AccommodationAccommodation Short Breaks / RespiteShort Breaks / Respite EmploymentEmployment EducationEducation

Legislation and Legislation and good practicegood practice

Other relevant Other relevant LegislationLegislation

Care Standards Act ( 2000 )Care Standards Act ( 2000 ) Carers and Disabled Children Act Carers and Disabled Children Act

( 2000 )( 2000 ) Human Rights Act ( 1998 )Human Rights Act ( 1998 ) Disability Discrimination Act ( 1995 )Disability Discrimination Act ( 1995 ) NHS and Community Care Act NHS and Community Care Act

( 1990 )( 1990 ) What about Mental Capacity??What about Mental Capacity??

Missing Words Quiz!Missing Words Quiz!