understanding the why: parent beliefs about mobile devices for … · 2018. 1. 30. ·...
TRANSCRIPT
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Understanding the Why: Parent Beliefs About Mobile Devices for Infants and Toddlers
Michaela B. Wooldridge, PhDJanuary 27, 2018 The Early Years Conference, Vancouver, B.C.
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An Ecology of Technology: Infants, Toddlers and Mobile Screen Devices(2016, Wooldridge, M.)
Why do parents give their MSD to their child?
• occupy / distract• videochat• teach• calm• develop fine motor• sleep aid• therapy activities• other
occupy videochat
occupy
calm occupy
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General Attitudes About Technology for Young Children
Negative Beliefs• Too young• Prefer ‘real’ activities• Unnecessary• Developmental Harm• Affordability• Family Policy
Positive Beliefs• Parent benefit• Peer inclusion• Learning tool• Communication
device• Digital literacy
Appropriate age for child’s own MSD: 10 years [SD 3.3]
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79% no
89% no
64% no
82% no
61% yes
50% yes
Negative Reasons Positive ReasonsAge, inferior to real MSD, fear dependency, limited value, parent dislike, family policy
Parent utility, learning tool, fun
Beliefs about Child Digital Products
Good for child?
Would you buy?
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Beliefs About Technology for Young Children
If your child has an MSD, what
are the reasons?
Child Benefit Parent/Family Benefit
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Beliefs About Technology for Young Children
Too Young “couldn’t operate a
device yet”
Family Organization
“we don’t believe in letting our child
watch screens”
Harmful“I don’t want a screen addict”
No Need“I can’t see
why she needs one”
Prefer 3D“we prefer books
& toys for real play”
If your child does not have an MSD, what
are the reasons?
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Beliefs About Technology for Young Children
What benefits do you foresee for you child using MSDs?
Child Developme
nt
“hand-eye coordinatio
n” “I don’t
want him left out of his peer group”
Child Learning
“there are many
educational apps”
“school use—research and
word-processing”
Parent/ Family
“being able to
keep track of where
she is”“more mommy
alone time”
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Why are Parent Beliefs Important?
• Cognitions (Sigel & McGillicuddy-DeLisi, 02; Sigel et al, 92)
• Dynamic (Bornstein, 02)
• Influence Child Development (Coleman & Karraker, 00; Grusec, 06)
• Direct Parent Behaviour (Dichtelmiller et al, 92; Grusec, 02; Miguel et al, 09; Murphey, 92; Sigel et al, 92)
• Reflect Zeitgeist (Murphey, 92)
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Parent Beliefs about Screen Media
• Beliefs re TV predicts child TV viewing (Certain & Kahn, 02; Dalzell et al, 00; Jago et al, 10; Rideout & Hamel, 06)
• Parental attitudes re screen media linked to child media consumption across platforms (Cingel & Krcmar, 13; Lauricella et al, 15)
• Positive attitudes re media technology linked to earlier and greater child use (Vittrup et al, 16)
• Parental beliefs re mobile devices predicts parents providing mobile devices to infants & toddlers (Wooldridge, 16)
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BeliefsOur interpretation of the world according to our observations and experiences=
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2 components: emotional and logical
Starts like a theory- logic then supported by emotion- emotion then supported by logic
Empowering or disempowering- Power comes from the believer, not the material
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Perception is awareness shaped by belief.
Beliefs “control” perception.
Rewrite beliefs and you rewrite perception.
Rewrite perception and you rewrite genes and behaviour….
- Bruce Lipton, Ph.D., cellular biologist
What About Perception?
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Beliefs Shape Societal Attitudes
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Chart3
Hard WorkHard WorkHard WorkHard WorkHard WorkHard Work
ResponsibilityResponsibilityResponsibilityResponsibilityResponsibilityResponsibility
Religious faithReligious faithReligious faithReligious faithReligious faithReligious faith
US male
US female
Canada male
Canada female
Norway male
Norway female
%
Qualities Children Should Learn at Home
55
42
40
30
8
5
69
73
72
78
88
92
51
56
38
33
12
17
Sheet1
Values, policies, well-being of young children in Canada, Norway, US. Shelley Phipps
Table 3.1aTable 3.4 Taxes & transfers received by families with children and selected sociodemogaphic characteristicsTable 3.6 Child OutcomesTable 3.3 Attitudes about qualities children should learn at home
Question: Why are there people in this country who live in need? Which of these reasons do you consider most important?Asthma (4-11)Injured (0-11)Activity Limitation (0-11)Anxious Fearful (4-11)Disobedient at School (6-11)Success at school (top category ages 10-11)USCanadaNorway
USCanadaNorwayUSCanadaNorwayUS10.73.531.620.737.1malefemalemalefemalemalefemale
malefemalemalefemalemalefemaleLone mother hh31.31632.4Canada13.210.23.836.117.845.8Good Manners777876747678
because they are unlucky8.177.888.59.1214.7214.43Mothers working outside home62.562.579Norway8.27.9211.2Independence475841468389
because of laziness and lack of will power40.1338.0334.6829.0414.727.39Single Mothers working outside home61.250.471.1Hard Work5542403085
Because there is injustice in our society30.5734.5730.3733.244.9852.75HH (all) receiving social transfers -56.192.299.7Responsibility697372788892
It's an inevitable part of modern progress18.2616.0722.6222.8122.0121.48HH (single mother) receiving social transfers9099.899.6Imagination272825212736
None of the above2.873.683.835.833.563.95Average social transfers (CAD 94)Tolerance Respect for others707480805969
Average social transfers (CAD 94) -lone mother hhThrift/value of money & things302722202321
USCanadaNorwayDetermination373438373530
Average social transfers All families364862227599Religious faith515638331217
Average social transfers among only hh who receive them650167487624Unselfishness36384341127
Average social transfers for all lone mother hh72491046511856Obedience383726313330
Average social transfers for lone mother hh who receive them80521048211906
Table 3.1a
Question: Why are there people in this country who live in need? Which of these reasons do you consider most important?
USCanadaNorway
malefemalemalefemalemalefemale
because they are unlucky8.177.888.59.1214.7214.43Table 3.3 Attitudes about qualities children should learn at home
because of laziness and lack of will power40.1338.0334.6829.0414.727.39
Because there is injustice in our society30.5734.5730.3733.244.9852.75USCanadaNorway
malefemalemalefemalemalefemale
Hard Work5542403085
Responsibility697372788892
Religious faith515638331217
Sheet1
US male
US female
Canada male
Canada female
Norway male
Norway female
% World Values Survey 1994
Attitudes for poverty (why are people in need in this country?)
Sheet2
Lone mother hh
Mothers working outside home
Single Mothers working outside home
HH (all) receiving social transfers -
HH (single mother) receiving social transfers
%
Taxes & Transfers Received By Familes with Children 0-11
Sheet3
Average social transfers All families
Average social transfers among only hh who receive them
Average social transfers for all lone mother hh
Average social transfers for lone mother hh who receive them
1994 Canadian Dollars
Average Social Transfers
US male
US female
Canada male
Canada female
Norway male
Norway female
%
Qualities Children Should Learn at Home
US male
US female
Canada male
Canada female
Norway male
Norway female
% World Values Survey 1994
Poverty Attitudes
US male
US female
Canada male
Canada female
Norway male
Norway female
%
Qualities Children Should Learn at Home
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Why do we cling to our beliefs?
Cultural Cognition theory:
we shape our opinions to conform to the views of the groups with which we most strongly identify.
Our views & opinions help protect us and keep us safe.
As humans are social animals, we depend on our groups or tribes, literally for our survival. Our chances of survival go up when our group’s views prevail and our group accepts us.
(https://www.psychologytoday.com/basics/cognition)
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Why Is It So Hard to Change People’s Minds? Our opinions are often based in emotion and group affiliation, not facts. Here’s how to engage productively when things get heated. BY ELIZABETH SVOBODA | JUNE 27, 2017 Greater Good Magazine
Keeps us anchored in the world: when you think & behave in ways that separate you from members of your close community, you’re likely to experience at least some level of exclusion
Inertia: most people would rather deny or downplay new information than reshape their worldview to accommodate it
Deciding changes our evaluations: once a choice is made, we evaluate our decision more favourably and the other choices less favourably
Paradoxical effect: outward insistence inversely related to strength of conviction
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…a vast amount of social science evidence that has shown that
facts, by themselves, are meaningless. They are ones and zeroes
to your mental computer, raw blank data that only take on meaning
when run through the software of your feelings. [Psychology Today, 2010]
People who feel good about
themselves are more likely to
be open-minded!
Understanding the Why: Parent Beliefs About Mobile Devices for Infants and Toddlers �An Ecology of Technology: Infants, Toddlers and Mobile Screen Devices (2016, Wooldridge, M.)General Attitudes About Technology for Young ChildrenSlide Number 4Beliefs About Technology for Young ChildrenBeliefs About Technology for Young ChildrenBeliefs About Technology for Young ChildrenWhy are Parent Beliefs Important?Parent Beliefs about Screen Media� BeliefsSlide Number 11Slide Number 12Slide Number 13Slide Number 14Slide Number 15Why do we cling to our beliefs?Slide Number 17Slide Number 18