UNDERWATERNOISEMAPPINGMETHODOLOGIESFORSHALLOWWATERS

Author:DavidSantos-Domínguez|Thesisadvisor:SoledadTorres-Guijarro|AffiliaIon:Sonitum(TSC,UniversidaddeVigo)

1.MoIvaIonoftheworko  MethodsforevaluaIonandquanIficaIonofunderwaternoise

needed.o  EuropeanNormaIve(2008/56/EC)asksforspecificsoluIonsbut

there’s no standard answer. EvaluaIon of the goodenvironmentalstatusoftheEuropeanwatersisneeded.

o  ECODRAGA experience calculaIng source level of a dredger.Environmental impact studies such as punta LangosteirablasIngsorVigoharborpilotdriving.

o  Shallow water propagaIon is complex and less invesIgated,goodexamples inourarea/locaIon:mulIpath,depthvariablespeedofsound,influenceofthebathymetryandseabed,etc.

2.ObjecIvesO1StudyandevaluaIonoftheunderwaternoisemeasurementmethodologies.

O2StudyandevaluaIonofPropagaIonLossescalculaIonO3StudyandcalibraIonofunderwaternoisepredicIonsocware.O4CharacterizaIonandclassificaIonofthedifferentnoisesourcesavailableinRíadeVigo.O5DevelopmentofnoisemapconstrucIonmethodologies.

O6ConstrucIonofanunderwaternoisemapofRíadeVigo.

3.Researchplan

1 Study about the state ofart of underwater noisem e a s u r e m e n tme thodo log i e s . U s i ngdatabases as sciencedirect,scopus,WOK,etc.

[Oct.2015-Feb.2016]

Figure1:UnderwaternoisemaprecreaIon

2 EvaluaIon of underwatern o i s e m e a s u r e m e n tm e t h o d o l o g i e s [ 1 ] [ 2 ] .Experimental measurements inshallow water. Development ofspecificmeasurementprotocols.

[Mar.2016-Jun.2016]

3Developmentofmethodsandp ro toco l s f o r c a l cu l aIngpropagaIon losses based onexperimental measurements.F ie ld measurements w i thcalibratedsource.

[Jul.2016-Oct.2016]

4 Underwater noise sourcesrecording. Measurement ofvarious sources of underwaternoiseinRíadeVigo.

[Jul.2016-Ago.2016]

6StudyofsocwarepropagaIonmodels.Comparison of experimental ands o c w a r e p r o p a g a I o n l o s s e smethodologies. CalibraIon of socwaremodels according to experimentalmeasurements.

[May.2017-Jun.2017]

7Studyofunderwaternoisemappingmethodologiesdevelopment. EvaluaIon of the usefulness of themodels obtained in the previous tasks for thedevelopment of underwater noisemaps, study of theuncertainty of the noise map data according to theuncertaintyoftheinputdatatothemodel.

Focusingon2soluAons

8DevelopmentofunderwaternoisemapoftheVigoestuary.ValidaIoncampaignsmeasurements:-2campaigns:summerandwinter-3to5daysofsampledmeasurements-3 different and simultaneous locaIonsawayfrommaintransit

[Sep.2018-Feb.2019]

4.ResultsanddiscussionTask 7 and 8 were planned to finish during 2018 but a extension has been requested caused by anunexpectedfailure intheprovisionofAISdatabyPuertosdelEstadothatdirectlyaffectsthevalidaIonandadjustmentofthemodels,thereforethenoisemapconstrucIon.SomeobjecIvesoftask7havebeenachieved:•  AmethodologytocalculatethenoiseproducedbypredictabletrafficusingdBSea.AISdataadjustment

needed.•  AmethodologytostudyandanalyzeBellhoppossibiliIesasanoisepredictor,andalsoametricthat

bestfitourneeds.AISdataadjustmentneeded.Task7mostrelevantresultsareshownbelow.ResultsrelatedtoBellhop,conformapaperproposaltobesubmiledtoAppliedAcousIcs[30thofJune,2018].ü  ‘ConInuous equivalent ship’ parameter definiIon that allows to evaluate predictable and recurrent

traffic(aspassengers)usingdBSea.ü  ApproximaIonofríadeVigoannualpassengerstraffic,usingthisconceptandtheAISdataofoneday.ü  AmetrictoevaluateBellhopperformancehavebeendesignedbasedonthetrafficparametersofthe

area.2Dand3DBellhopmodelsthatbestfitthemeasurementshavebeenobtained,meanerrorbelow3dB.Seefigure2forcompletefrequencyerrorevoluIonofBellhopopImizedmodels.

ü  Theinfluenceofthephysicalvariablesonthebestmodelserrorisbelow1dB.ü  Inviewoftheresults,theuseofthisBellhoptocomputepropagaIonlossesisreasonableandreliable

tofastcomputenumeroussources.FurthermeasurementandAISdataadjustmentareneedinordertovalidatetheusabilityinanoisemapofthearea.

Task8hasbeeninterrupteddueto lackofAISdataalthough,someobjecIveshavebeenaccomplishedandalternaIvesoluIonsproposed:•  MethodologytoaccomplishvalidaIoncampaignduring3daysusing3differentlocaIonsalongRíade

Vigo,figure3.•  Noisemapframeworkdesign,includingrepresentaIon,execuIonanddecoding.•  CollaboraIonwithMarine Trafficobtaining and installing anAIS antenna and receiver toobtain the

dataconInuouslyandindependently.•  CollaboraIonwithCESGAopImizingBellhopforthefuturehugeamountofdatasimulaIonsTask8mainresults:ü  DataacquisiIon,storinganalysisandofa3dayssummervalidaIoncampaign.ü  AutonomousAISdata systemobtaining realImeAISdata fromRíadeVigopostprocessing the raw

datatobereadyforthenoisemapneeds.

As explained before, the lack of AIS data, the negoIaIon and finding of alternate soluIons forced toprorogate the full accomplishment of tasks 7 and 8. Because of this, a year of extension has beenacceptedantheresearchplanwillaccommodatetoaccomplishthesefinaltasksduring2019.The newautonomousAIS acquisiIon systemalso needs to recollect 6-9months of data to provide aninteresIngamountofdataintermsoftrafficdescripIon.

Figure2:FrequencyerrorevoluIonofbellhopopImizedmodels

Figure3:SummervalidaIoncampaignlocaIons

5.References[1] ANSI/ASA S12.64-2009/Part 1, “Quantities and Procedures for Description and Measurement of Underwater Sound from Ships - Part 1: General Requirements”, American National Standards Institute, New York, (2009). [2] S P Robinson, P D Theobald, G Hayman, L S Wang, P A Lepper, V Humphrey, S Mumford, "Measurement of noise arising from marine aggregate dredging operations, Final Report. MALSF (MEPF Ref no. 09/P108)", Published by the MALSF, ISBN 978 0907545 57 6 (2011). [3] David Santos-Domínguez, Soledad Torres-Guijarro, Antonio Pena-Gimenez, “Analysis of dredger noise based on experimental and simulated source level calculations”, UACE2015 3rd Underwater Acoustics Conference and Exhibition 21st to 26th June 2015 Platanias, Crete, Greece. [4] “dBSea”, underwater acoustics prediction software, www.dbsea.co.uk/ [5] David Santos-Domínguez, Soledad Torres-Guijarro, Antonio Cardenal-López, Antonio Pena-Gimenez “ShipsEar: An underwater vessel noise database”, Applied Acoustics Volume 113, 1 December 2016, Pages 64–69.

Nextyearplanning…(7to8)FocusingonpossibiliIesofdBSeaandBellhop3DassocwaresoluIonsfornoisemapmodeling.CreaIonofRíadeVigounderwaternoisemapandvalidaIon troughmeasurementscampaigns.[1yearproroga,onrequested/accepted]

5 ClassificaIon of the recordedsources. CreaIon of a detaileddatabase in web format using datafrom sources measurements task.Study and evaluaIon of automaIcclassifiers. Development of anautomaIc classifier tesIng theusefulnessofthedatabaseproposal.

[Nov.2016-Feb.2017]

dBSea-ConInuous/staIcsources,predictabletraffic.-3differentsolvers

Bellhop3D-RealIme/dynamicsources,unpredictabletraffic-Beamtracingsolver

[Jul.2018-Agos.2019]