UNIFIED APPROACH

IS A MEANS OF TREATING RELATIONSHIPS THAT EXIST AMONG THE SIGNIFICANT COMPONENTS MAKING UP A GIVEN BODY OF KNOWLEDGE.

IT IS A THOROUGH PROCESS OF WEAVING AND INTEGRATING TOPICS INTO A GENERAL FRAMEWORK OR CONCEPTUAL SCHEME.

PURPOSE:

to enhance the students’ learning by

making them view things in their entirety

or totality.

THE FEATURES OF THIS APPROACH

It is highly cognitive

It leads students toward insightful and meaningful learning

THE GUIDELINES IN

UTILIZING THE UNIFIED APPROACH

Restructure the presentation of the subject matter to show the needed interrelationships.

Recall the previous lesson and link it up with the present one.

Include relevant points only

Start with the most fundamental concepts in presenting the relationships.

It is holistic in treatment

It requires the teacher to present his subject matter in an entirely different manner.

PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION

Is an instruction in which the self-

pacing method has a rightful place

It is a system of teaching and learning within which the subject matter is broken down into small, discrete steps and carefully organized into a logical sequence in which it can be learned readily by the students (MORRIS BIGGE, 1982)

It is an auto-instructional approach

to teaching which is changing the role of

the classroom teacher (BARRY HARLEY, 1973).

HARLEY’SMETHOD ARE DESCRIBED AS

FOLLOWS:

PROGRAMMING ITSELF IS THE WRITING OF SEQUESTIAL STEPS STRUCTURED SO AS TO BRING

ABOUT A LEARNING EXPERIENCE.

FORMS OF RESPONSES:

PROGRAMMED MATERIALS ARE SELF- INSTRUCTIONAL

IT IS HIGHLY INDIVIDUALIZED

IT REQUIRES THE SO-CALLED CRITERION-REFERENCED TYPE OF EVALUATION AND NOT THE NORM-REFERENCED TYPE.

IT REQUIRES THE TEACHER TO PLAY THREE DISTINCT RULES IN TODAY’S SCHOOL-DIRECTOR, ANALYST, AND TUTOR.

IT IS NOT A COMPLETE INSTRUCTION BY ITSELF

PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION REQUIRES A LOT OF MATERIALS.