Unit – 1: MotivationBy RADHIKA

Visiting Faculty J H B W C

What is motivation?

IntroductionMotivation is the word derived from the word

’motive’ which means needs, desires, wants or drives within the individuals. It is the process of stimulating people to actions to accomplish the goals. In the work goal context the psychological factors stimulating the people’s behavior can be-• desire for money• success• recognition• job-satisfaction• team work, etc

Cont.An individual performs business tasks, not because he

wants the organizational goal to be achieved but because that work will give him financial rewards through which he can satisfy his personal needs and desires. The need is, there the driving force that motivates human behavior.

Motivation is a complex task because the factors that motivate people to work are complex and complicated.

Meaning

Motivation is a force that drives a person to action. Motivation creates willingness to perform tasks that lead to accomplishment of goals.

Definition“Motivation may be defined as the state of individual's perspective which represents the strength of his or her propensity to exert effort toward some particular behavior.”

“Motivation is the force that energizes the behavior, gives direction to behavior and underlies the tendency to persist.”

Model of MotivationOften, people confuse the idea of 'happy'

employees with 'motivated' employees. These may be related, but motivation actually describes the level of desire employees feel to perform, regardless of the level of happiness. Employees who are adequately motivated to perform will be more productive, more engaged and feel more invested in their work. When employees feel these things, it helps them, and thereby their managers, be more successful.

Cont. It is a manager's job to motivate

employees to do their jobs well. So how do managers do this? The answer is motivation in management, the process through which managers encourage employees to be productive and effective.

A model of motivation helps managers enforce the right motivators to prompt workers to action; suitable for the organization to achieve its broader goals.

Cont.According to the model if employees’ behavior

is acceptable to managers, it is followed by rewards. Rewards satisfy their needs, reinforce their behavior towards organizational activities and perpetuate further needs in them.

NEEDS BEHAVIOR GOALS(REWARDS)

Nature of Motivation1. It is an internal force2. Effect of environmental factors3. It is an on going process4. It is a pervasive function5. It is a complicated process6. Skilled managers7. Positive and negative motivation

Importance of motivation

1. Increase in work efficiency2. Communication3. Need-based motivation4. Combines ability with willingness5. Reduction in rate of labour absenteeism and

turnover6. Development of leaders

Effective Motivation1. Development of Self2. Worker’s Participation3. Job enrichment & Job rotation4. Management by results5. Realize human behaviour – Their motives &

abilities6. Create a suitable work environment7. Healthy criticism

Theories of motivation

Assignment : 11. Define Motivation. “Need is the base of motivation”.

[Maslow’s Theory]2. State Herzberg’s two factor theory. 3. Discuss the X & Y theory of McGregor4. Short Note: Theory Z Ouchi

Submission Date 4th Jan. Wednesday

Ref. Book1. T. Ramasamy 2. Smita Gupta 3. R. Shirnivasan4. P. Subbarao