unit 11 drawing reading part Ⅰ illustrated words and concepts figure 11-1 three view drawing...

Unit 11 Drawing Reading

Part Illustrated Words and ConceptsⅠ Figure 11-1 Three View Drawing (Orthographic Projection)

Figure 11-2 Three View Drawing of a House

Figure 11-3 Drawing for Exercise

Part PassagesⅡ Passage A Three View Drawing

Passage B Reading a Set of Blueprints


Part Ⅰ Illustrated Words and Concepts

Figure 11-1 Three View Drawing (Orthographic Projection) Projection lines are used to develop a three view drawing.



Figure 11-2 Three View Drawing of a House



Figure 11-3 Drawing for Exercise


Part Ⅱ Passages Passage A

Three View Drawing Pictorial drawings have great advantages for

people not trained in blueprint reading and are a great help to those who want to learn this skill. However, the time spent in making pictorial drawings which would show the information necessary to build the house would be prohibitively expensive. The drawings would also be too complex to read.



Three view drawings (or orthographic projection) are used almost universally in every field of architecture and engineering to make graphical representations of the jobs to be done. When looking at an object to be drawn the person viewing it must imagine he or she is looking through a transparent plane. Lines are projected from every corner of the object to record the exact image on the plane.



See Figure 11-1(A). Three planes are generally sufficient to show all of the details of most objects. Figure 11-1(B) shows the planes as though they were part of a hinged box. Projection lines are extended to give the exact shapes of the top (the plan view of the roof), front, and side views of the house. The viewer imagines that he or she unfolds the planes into a flat position as shown in Figure 11-1(C).



The projection lines between views serve to show how the various points and lines are related. It is important that this idea of the way views are related be understood from the beginning.



Figure 11-2 shows how all of the views of the exterior of a house, including the roof plan, would be related if they were arranged to appear on the same sheet of paper. (The floor plan is drawn in order to give an idea of room arrangement but is now drawn in relation to the other views in this figure.)



The plan view in architectural drawing is a view seen by looking down vertically toward an object or, in other words, the view which is derived by projecting lines vertically upward to form an image on an imaginary horizontal plane. In Figure 11-1(B), 11-1(C), Figure 11-2(B), and Figure 11-2(C), the plan view is that of the roof. Usually the plan views referred to are floor plan views.



The architect when drawing a set of working drawings usually draws the floor plan first. Elevations are drawn on separate sheets for convenience. The architect is very careful to transfer all of the information about windows, doors and other exterior building features from the floor plan view to the elevation views. In effect, lines are projected from one view to another.



Figure 11-2 shows the elevation views designated as Front, Left Side, Right Side, and Rear. This is accepted procedure particularly for stock plans which can be adapted for use on a lot facing in any direction. When a building is to be placed on a specific lot, it is more usual to give the compass directions: north, south, east, and west. The north elevation is the elevation facing north (not the direction a person faces to see that side of the house).



In Figure 11-2 plane and elevation views are related by projection. Note how the projection lines connect the parts of one view to another. If the views in Figure 11-2(C) were brought together following the projection lines, a three dimensional house would be formed as in Figure 11-2(A).


Part Ⅱ Passages Passage B

Reading a Set of Blueprints

The task of reading blueprints is a means toward an end. Tradespeople read prints so they may follow them in building the structure exactly as intended by the architect. A keen understanding of every detail of the blueprints helps them plan work so they may use their time and the material to the greatest advantage. The building of any house is a challenge,



but it is a particular delight when the house is well planned. The tradesperson shares in the pride of creating something beautiful and useful.



There are several ways to study a set of blueprints. In general however the best procedure is to study the blueprints with the purpose of a) understanding the floor plans and b) gaining an idea of what the house will look like. After a preliminary viewing of the plans as a whole, each sheet should be studied in detail.



The logical starting point is the front entry on the Upper Level Floor Plan (Sheet 2).The living room, dining room, and master bedroom are arranged to be accessible yet private. The kitchen is placed so as to be the center of activity and control. It is open to the patio on one side and to the family room on the other side with a view through the family room windows to the play-court beyond. Stairs ascend to Bedrooms 1 and 2 and Bathroom 2,which are one-half story above the other rooms shown on this sheet.



Lower Level Floor Plan (Sheet 1), is the other floor plan. Stairs descend from the family room to the level of Bedrooms 3 and 4. These rooms are directly below Bedroom 1 and Bathroom 2. Stairs descend again to the basement level. The basement extends to the north end of the house. Utility, storage, and laundry areas are located on this lower level.



The East and West Elevations, Sheet 3, and the North and South Elevations, Sheet 4, give views of the exterior. The general character of the house is contemporary. Casement windows are used with interesting vertical panel treatment. Large sliding glass doors with wood frames serve for light, ventilation, and access from the patio to the living room,



dining room, and kitchen. This open arrangement is conducive to modern indoor-outdoor living. The roof slope is relatively low. Even though one part of the house extends almost two stories above the grade, the whole house appears to be built low to the ground.



The Longitudinal Section, Sheet 5, is a view of an imaginary slice taken from end to end near the center of the house. It shows everything in section form which the cutting plane slices, and also shows what is seen beyond the part which is cut away. Thus details of construction of the foundation, columns, joists, beam, and rafters are revealed.



Also the walls, doors, doorways, and openings, which would appear if the near part were removed, are indicated in their relative positions. The longitudinal section shows how the four levels of the house are arranged. Beginning at the basement, each floor level is 1370 mm higher than the one below it.



Upper Level Floor Plan, Sheet 2

The entry gives direct access to the living room ,family room, and master bedroom. Daylight is provided by fixed glass sidelights at the front entrance door. The entry has an all-weather floor of slate. A generous coat closet is provided which has louvered bi-fold doors.



A pocket door may be used to close off the family room when required. Exterior and interior lighting are controlled from a convenient location near the front entrance door.



The master bedroom is provided with casement windows on two walls for ventilation and view. The windows are not drawn with the usual conventional symbol because all of the windows in the house are alike and are shown on Sheet 6.A triple closet with louvered bi-fold doors extends long the west wall.



The closets in this and the other bedrooms provide ample storage space. Because of their placement they serve to suppress noise from the adjacent rooms. The bathroom has a counter type lavatory. Ventilation in all of the bathrooms is provided by fans.



The living room and dining room are arranged with a folding door-wall so that they can become one large room or be divided for privacy. The sliding glass doors, used in the place of windows, extend from the floor to a height of 2 030 mm. They open on to the patio and provide an atmosphere of indoor-outdoor living. A parquet floor adds interest. A parquet floor is made of strips of wood flooring glued to form tiles. They are laid in an alternating checkerboard fashion.



The kitchen is compact with cabinets and equipment arranged on each side of the room in corridor fashion. An open feeling of the outdoors is created by the large glass doors opening on the patio. Artificial light is provided by a suspended luminous ceiling. The kitchen is provided with a pass-through opening to the dining room. This room is in close proximity to the playroom and the bedrooms and thus serves as the control centre of the house.



The family room is located so as to be accessible to the play court, to the kitchen, and to the bedrooms. It has a durable floor of vinyl.

Bedroom 1 and Bathroom 2 are adequate for children. Ample closets, ventilation, and wall space are provided. The bathroom is located between the two rooms. Note that the wall which contains the plumbing is 140 mm thick.

unit 11 drawing reading part Ⅰ illustrated words and concepts figure 11-1 three view drawing...

Documents

drawing reading

view drawing passage

architectural drawing

house figure

view drawings

concepts figure

house slide

exercise slide