unit 11: -i stem nouns; agreement notes 11.3. learning goals: by the end of the lesson students will...

Unit 11: -i Stem Nouns; Agreement

Notes 11.3

Learning Goals: By the end of the lesson students will be able to:

1. Further understand how to make nouns and adjectives agree.

2. Decline any noun/adjective phrase using 1st -3rd declension nouns (including –i stems) and 1st/2nd declension adjectives.

3. Recognize noun/adjectives in agreement.

4. Recognize noun/adjectives NOT in agreement.

Do you remember…?• Adjectives must agree with the nouns they

modify in case, number, and gender.• Are you tired of hearing this yet?! • Now is the time I’m going to start expecting

accuracy for you so pay close attention!

• Agreement does not mean that the noun and adjective have to look the same.• puer bonus

• Agreement does not mean that the noun and adjective have to be the same declension.• lex bona• miles bonus• agricola bonus

Ok, Ok, Ok…I know!

• We’ve talked about this officially 4 times now (2.3, 5.4, 8.3, 8.4) and here we are talking about it again.

• That’s because this is typically very difficult for Latin 1 students to get.

• Everyone can regurgitate the rule, but it’s not so easy to apply the rule.

• Today we need to get it together and really make it work.

Let’s review:

• All adjectives that you know so far are called 1st and 2nd declension adjectives.

• But why are they called this?• So far adjectives appear in the vocabulary

listing ending in –us (or –er), -a, -um.• The masculine ends in –us or –er.

• This ending is 2nd declension.

• The feminine ends in –a.• This ending is 1st declension.

• The neuter ends in –um.• This ending is 2nd declension.

bonus, -a, -um - good

firmus, -a, -um - strong

miser, -era, -erum - unhappy latus, -a, -um - wide

stultus, -a, -um - foolish

altus, -a, -um - tall

verus, -a, -um - true

novu

s, -a

, -um

- ne

w

To sum up:

• Adjectives occur in all 3 genders and so far in 2 declensions.

• So to make them agree with nouns we have to first choose the appropriate gender to modify the noun.

• And then we have to use the endings appropriate to that declension on the adjective.



miser, -era, -erum - unhappy

latus, -a, -um - wide

stultus, -a, -um - foolish

altus, -a, -um - tall


novus, -a, -um - new

Choose the form of each adjective needed to modify these nouns:

• lex• puella• poeta • frumentum• populus• soror• miles• iter





bona misera firma vera



bonus miser firmus verus



bonum miserum firmum verum

bonum miserum firmum verum

So to sum it all up:

• Use the endings for the noun to suit ITS declension, whichever one it is.

• Use the endings for the adjective to suit ITS declension, whichever one it is.

• If the 2 declensions are the same, great!• But if they’re not the same that’s great, too!

Let’s decline some:good sister

soror, -is f. sister


sg. pl.

nom. soror bona sorores bonae

gen. sororis bonae sororum bonarum

dat. sorori bonae sororibus bonis

acc. sororem bonam sorores bonas

abl. sorore bonā sororibus bonis

voc. soror bona sorores bonae

unhappy poet

poeta, -ae m. poet


sg. pl.

nom. poeta miser poetae miserigen. poetae miseri poetarum

miserorum

dat. poetae misero poetis miseris

acc. poetam miserum poetas miseros

abl. poetā miserō poetis miseris

voc. poeta miser poetae miseri

true soldier

miles, militis m. soldier


sg. pl.

nom. miles verus milites veri

gen. militis veri militum verorum

dat. militi vero militibus veris

acc. militem verum milites veros

abl. milite verō militibus veris

voc. miles vere milites veri

good journey

iter, itineris n. journey


sg. pl.

nom. iter bonum itinera bona

gen. itineris boni itinerum bonorum

dat. itineri bono itineribus bonis

acc. iter bonum itinera bona

abl. itinere bonō itineribus bonis

voc. iter bonum itinera bona

And let’s decline some more:

My level of understanding Check for understanding

4I understand the concept of noun/adjective agreement; I can recognize agreement when I see it; AND I can create agreement without my notes.

3I understand the concept of noun/adjective agreement; I can recognize agreement when I see it; AND I can create agreement with my notes.

2I understand the concept of noun/adjective agreement AND I can recognize agreement when I see it.

1 I understand the concept of noun/adjective agreement.

Quid agis? How are you doing?

Class Practice 11.3

• Decline the following phrases. Feel free to consult your flash cards or the dictionary on my website if you need to look up the vocabulary information.

1. kind grandmother

2. strong general

3. angry brother

4. deep sea

unit 11: -i stem nouns; agreement notes 11.3. learning goals: by the end of the lesson students will...

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