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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
Unit 2 Chemistry
• Element Vs. Compound and Name Vs. Formula
• Metals Vs. Nonmetals and Ionic Vs. Covalent
• Element Ratios
• Naming ionic and molecular compounds
• Conclusions
• Worksheet
• Challenge
• Homework
Chapter 3: Elements combine to form compounds
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
Element Vs. Compound
Element: A pure substance containing only one type of atom.
Examples: He (Helium), H (Hydrogen), C (Carbon), O (oxygen)
Compound: A pure substance containing two or more types of atoms.
Examples: H2O (water), CO2 (Carbon dioxide), NaCl (Sodium chloride)
Vs!
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
C
C OO
O
H
O
H
Zn
N
O O
N
Fe
Cl H
Element Compound
Element or Compound?
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
Chemical Name Vs. Formula
Chemical Name: A Scientific name given to a compound *tells us what it elements it is made up of
Examples: Sodium sulfide, Carbon dioxide
*Sometimes we use trivial (meaningless names): Water, Methane
Chemical Formula: Scientific symbols given to a compound from the periodic table
Examples: H2O, CO2 , NaS
Vs!
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
How can we switch between the Formula and Name?
First we need to know the difference between:
metals and nonmetals
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
Metal Vs. Non- Metal
Metal: An element that is a good conductor of heat and electricityFound on the LEFT side of the staircase
Examples: Gold, Magnesium, Sodium
NonMetal: An element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricityFound on the RIGHT side of the staircase
Examples: Carbon, Hydrogen, Chlorine
Vs!
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
58 59 60 61 62 6463 65 67 68 69 70 71Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
66Dy
Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium
90 91 92 93 94 9695 97 99 100 101 102 103Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Es Fm Md No Lr
98Cf
Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
Ru
Ti
Rhenium
Ruthenium Rhodium
H
Li Be
Na Mg
K Ca
Rb Sr
Cs Ba
Fr Ra
Sc
Y
La
Ac
Zr
Hf
Rf
V
Nb
Ta
Db
Cr
Mo
W
Sg
Mn
Tc
Re
Bh
Fe
Os
Hs
Co
Rh
Ir
Mt
Ni
Pd
Pt
Cu
Ag
Au
Zn
Cd
Hg
Hydrogen
Lithium
Sodium
Potassium
Rubidium
Cesium
Beryllium
Magnesium
Calcium
Strontium
Barium
Radium
Scandium
Yttrium
Lanthanum
Actinium
Vanadium
Niobium
Tantalum
Dubnium
Chromium
Molybdenum
Tungsten
Manganese
Technetium
Iron Cobalt Copper Zinc
Palladium Silver Cadmium
Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury
Hassium Meitnerium
B
Al
Ga
In
Tl
C
Si
Ge
Sn
Pb
N
P
As
Sb
Bi
O F
Cl
Br
I
At
He
Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe
Rn
S
Se
Te
Po
Francium
Titanium
Rutherfordium
Zirconium
Hafnium
Seaborgium
Osmium
Bohrium
1
3 4
11 12
Nickel
19 20
37 38
55 56
87 88
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49
57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
89 104 105 106 107 108 109
5 6 7 8 9 10
13 14 15 16 17 18
31 32 33 34 35 36
50 51 52 53 54
81 82 83 84 85 86
2
Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
ArgonChlorineSulfurPhosphorusSiliconAluminium
Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Helium
Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
58 59 60 61 62 6463 65 67 68 69 70 71Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
66Dy
Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium
90 91 92 93 94 9695 97 99 100 101 102 103Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Es Fm Md No Lr
98Cf
Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
Ru
Ti
Rhenium
Ruthenium Rhodium
H
Li Be
Na Mg
K Ca
Rb Sr
Cs Ba
Fr Ra
Sc
Y
La
Ac
Zr
Hf
Rf
V
Nb
Ta
Db
Cr
Mo
W
Sg
Mn
Tc
Re
Bh
Fe
Os
Hs
Co
Rh
Ir
Mt
Ni
Pd
Pt
Cu
Ag
Au
Zn
Cd
Hg
Hydrogen
Lithium
Sodium
Potassium
Rubidium
Cesium
Beryllium
Magnesium
Calcium
Strontium
Barium
Radium
Scandium
Yttrium
Lanthanum
Actinium
Vanadium
Niobium
Tantalum
Dubnium
Chromium
Molybdenum
Tungsten
Manganese
Technetium
Iron Cobalt Copper Zinc
Palladium Silver Cadmium
Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury
Hassium Meitnerium
B
Al
Ga
In
Tl
C
Si
Ge
Sn
Pb
N
P
As
Sb
Bi
O F
Cl
Br
I
At
He
Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe
Rn
S
Se
Te
Po
Francium
Titanium
Rutherfordium
Zirconium
Hafnium
Seaborgium
Osmium
Bohrium
1
3 4
11 12
Nickel
19 20
37 38
55 56
87 88
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49
57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
89 104 105 106 107 108 109
5 6 7 8 9 10
13 14 15 16 17 18
31 32 33 34 35 36
50 51 52 53 54
81 82 83 84 85 86
2
Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
ArgonChlorineSulfurPhosphorusSiliconAluminium
Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Helium
Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
58 59 60 61 62 6463 65 67 68 69 70 71Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
66Dy
Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium
90 91 92 93 94 9695 97 99 100 101 102 103Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Es Fm Md No Lr
98Cf
Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
Ru
Ti
Rhenium
Ruthenium Rhodium
H
Li Be
Na Mg
K Ca
Rb Sr
Cs Ba
Fr Ra
Sc
Y
La
Ac
Zr
Hf
Rf
V
Nb
Ta
Db
Cr
Mo
W
Sg
Mn
Tc
Re
Bh
Fe
Os
Hs
Co
Rh
Ir
Mt
Ni
Pd
Pt
Cu
Ag
Au
Zn
Cd
Hg
Hydrogen
Lithium
Sodium
Potassium
Rubidium
Cesium
Beryllium
Magnesium
Calcium
Strontium
Barium
Radium
Scandium
Yttrium
Lanthanum
Actinium
Vanadium
Niobium
Tantalum
Dubnium
Chromium
Molybdenum
Tungsten
Manganese
Technetium
Iron Cobalt Copper Zinc
Palladium Silver Cadmium
Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury
Hassium Meitnerium
B
Al
Ga
In
Tl
C
Si
Ge
Sn
Pb
N
P
As
Sb
Bi
O F
Cl
Br
I
At
He
Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe
Rn
S
Se
Te
Po
Francium
Titanium
Rutherfordium
Zirconium
Hafnium
Seaborgium
Osmium
Bohrium
1
3 4
11 12
Nickel
19 20
37 38
55 56
87 88
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49
57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
89 104 105 106 107 108 109
5 6 7 8 9 10
13 14 15 16 17 18
31 32 33 34 35 36
50 51 52 53 54
81 82 83 84 85 86
2
Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
ArgonChlorineSulfurPhosphorusSiliconAluminium
Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Helium
Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
• Is gold a metal or nonmetal?• Is sulfur a metal or nonmetal?• Is calcium a metal or nonmetal?
Question
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
Metals and Non- Metals in compounds
You can have a mixture of metal and non metal elements in your compounds:
• 3 major groups:1. Metallic compounds
2. Covalent compounds
3. Ionic compounds
Metal and metal
Non- metal and non-metal
Metal and non-metal
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
Ionic Vs. Covalent
Covalent bond: A nonmetal and nonmetal compound bond between elements = Sharing electrons Create Molecular compounds (Molecules)
Examples: Water (H2O), Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Ionic Bond: A metal and a nonmetal compound bond between elements = Give or Take electrons Create Ionic compounds
Examples: Sodium chloride (NaCl), Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)
Vs!
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
C OO
H
O
H
Ionic Covalent
Ionic or Covalent?
CC
C
H
H
H
H
HH
H
H
N
H
H
H
HZn
O
O
Na Cl
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
Ratio of elements
• A compound can have more than 1 of each element in it
H2O Has 2 Hydrogen and 1 Oxygen atoms, 3 atoms in all
CO2 Has 1 Carbon and 2 Oxygen atoms, 3 in all
CaCO3 Has 1 Calcium, 1 Carbon and 3 Oxygen, 5 in all
* be careful: *elements can have two letters
Co CobaltCO Carbon and Oxygen
* The prefix only belongs to the element in front of it
CO2 2 oxygen not 2 Carbon
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
How many atoms?
#Atoms #Elements
H2O
CO2
H2O2
CH3COOH
Fe
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
Naming Ionic Compounds
Ionic compound Rules:
1. Ionic compounds are made of a metal and non metal
2. The metal's name goes first
3. Only the first name gets capitalized
4. The last name always ends in ide
Examples: NaCl : Sodium chloride
CaCl2 : Calcium chloride
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
Name the following Ionic compounds:
1. MgO :
2. K3N:
3. BeF2:
4. Li2S:
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
Naming Covalent/Molecular Compounds
Covalent compound Rules:
1. Covalent compounds are made of 2 nonmetals
2. Only the first name gets capitalized
3. The last name always ends in ide
4. If there is more than 1 atom of an element we give prefixes
Examples: SiO : Silicon oxide
CO2 : Carbon dioxide
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
Prefixes
• Prefixes are given to Covalent/Molecular compounds:
2 atoms : di
CO2 : Carbon dioxide
3 atoms : tri
F3P : Triflourine phosphide
4 atoms : tetra
BCl4 : Boron tetrachloride
* No prefix given for just 1 atom
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
Name the following Covalent compounds:
1. SCl2:
2. NO4:
3. PCl2:
4. SO3:
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
Conclusions?
• Element Vs. Compound?
• Name Vs. Formula?
• Metals Vs. Nonmetals?
• Ionic Vs. Covalent?
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
Answer the following questions based on the item below:
NO31. Element or compound?
2. Molecular or covalent?
3. How many atoms all together?
4. What is it's full name?
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
Chapter worksheet 1
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
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Gr 9 Compounds and naming.notebook January 23, 2015
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