unit 2: cornell-d “what progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Unit 2: Cornell-D
“What Progressive reforms addressed economic
problems and were they successful ?”
![Page 2: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
“What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they
successful ?”
Exploitation of Workers Child Labor
Labor Strikes
Unfair treatment of Women Workers
Monopolies & Trusts Railroad Monopolies
![Page 3: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Exploitation of Workers – Low Pay, Bad working CONDITIONS, no benefits
Economic Reformers:
Upton Sinclair, (Muckraker)
![Page 4: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Exploitation of Workers – Low Pay, Bad working conditions, no benefits
The Jungle – a novel based on the dirtiest food industry in America: MEAT packing
![Page 5: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Exploitation of Workers – Low Pay, Bad working conditions, no benefits
Sam Gompers,
Am.
Federation of Labor
union leader
Mary Harris Jones,
“Mother Jones” – union leader
![Page 6: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Exploitation of Workers – Low Pay, Bad working conditions, no benefits
Eugene Debs, American Railway
Union –Also, Socialist
candidate for Pres. in 1912
“Big Bill” Haywood IWWIndustrial Workers
of the World “the Wobblies” –
most radical union
![Page 7: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Exploitation of Workers – Low Pay, Bad working conditions, no benefits
Solutions:1. Organize UNIONS! … for decent PAY & conditions could mean STRIKES =
the refusal to WORK…
![Page 8: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Exploitation of Workers – Low Pay, Bad working conditions, no benefits
Before and after unions organized:1890 1915
Weekly Wages: $17.40 $24
Weekly Hours: 54.5 hrs/wk.49 hrs/wk.
Members in Unions 400,000 1,500,000
(1904)
![Page 9: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Exploitation of Workers – Low Pay, Bad working conditions, no benefits
Unions successful reforms?Y/N ?“YES & NO”
Business managers refuse to RECOGNIZE or negotiate with UNIONS
![Page 10: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Unions Successful Reforms ?“Yes & No”
Sometimes, public FEARS VIOLENCE of STRIKES, and that unions might lead to a
SOCIALIST
REVOLUTION like Russia (BOLSHEVIK REVOLUTION of 1917)
![Page 11: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Unions Successful Reforms ?“Yes & No”
Often, Business managers would stop STRIKES with LEGAL action.
They argued that STRIKES interfere with inter-STATE commerce (trade)
![Page 12: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Exploitation of Workers – Low Pay, Bad working conditions, no benefits
Solution: 2. ARBITRATION =
both sides in a STRIKE negotiate/w aMEDIATOR
1st Arbitrated strike in USA:1903 COAL STRIKET.ROOSEVELT said COAL is Public INTEREST so GOVERNMENT should settle the STRIKE with ARBITRATION – the government will be the MEDIATOR
![Page 13: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Exploitation of Workers – Low Pay, Bad working conditions, no benefits
Successful reform?Y/N ?“YES” Arbitration is used to settle SOME
strikes – but its not always usedT.R. 1st Pres. to arbitrate a strike for the
Public I________?Interest
![Page 14: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Problem: Child Labor
Progressive Reformers:
Jane Addams
Florence Kelley
Mary Harris Jones
![Page 15: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Problem: Child Labor
Solution:
1. NATIONAL reform is tried KEATING-OWENS Act=this law prohibited theTRANSPORTATION of goods made by children
Successful ?Y/N ?“NO”Supreme Court said the law UNCONSTITUTIONAL
because it restricted TRADE (interstate commerce)
![Page 16: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Problem: Child Labor
Solution:
2. STATE reforms state laws ban child labor and make MANDATORYSCHOOL laws that take most kids out of jobs
Also, HOURS are limited for minors/children who do work.
Successful ?Y/N ?“YES”By 1920 the number of children
working is cut by½ (50%)
![Page 17: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Women Labors—long hours
Solution:
STATE laws limit working HOURS for women (to 10 hrs/day)
Big business fights back in court saying Oregon’s law is unconstitutional
![Page 18: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Unfair treatment of Women Workers
Successful reform?Y/N ?“YES”1908 OREGON v. MUELLERSupreme Court caseSays that protecting young women is a PUBLIC INTEREST(for healthy MOTHERS and families)
![Page 19: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Problem: Monopolies & Trusts
Progressive Reformers:
Pres. Teddy Roosevelt
Pres. Woodrow Wilson
![Page 20: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Problem: Unfair elimination of c________ by
monopoly businesses
![Page 21: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Problem: Monopolies & Trusts
Solution:
1. Sue “BAD” trusts with theSHERMAN ANTI-TRUST Act=any corporation that harms the Public INTERESTBut – T.R. still wants Big Business for an INDUSTRIAL
America (so, some big industries are OK !)
![Page 22: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Problem: Monopolies & Trusts
Sherman Anti-trust Successful reform ?Y/N ?“YES & NO”T.R. broke-up only a FEW trusts T.R. preferred to REGULATE not ELIMINATE big industriesHe was not as big of a “Trust-Buster” as the media
made of him
![Page 23: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Problem: Monopolies & Trusts
Solution:2. REGULATION =
laws to stop “BAD” or UNFAIR behavior of business
1906: Meat INSPECTION Act Pure FOOD & DRUGS Act
These are examples of “regulatory laws”
![Page 24: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Problem: Monopolies & Trusts
Successful reform ?Y/N ?“YES”REGULARTORY laws required strict RULES,
INSPECTION and LABELING on productsto protect consumers
(prop 37—2012)
![Page 25: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Problem: Monopolies & Trusts
T.R. supports Populist goal REGULATE the RR’sCongress passes theINTERSTATE COMMERCE Act Creates the INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSION (ICC)To stop RR’s from fixing high prices to charge
farmers/consumers
![Page 26: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Problem: Monopolies & Trusts
Successful reform ?Y/N ?“YES”The ICC had LIMITED powers to ENFORCE the law –
but,The COMMISSION did help farmers and consumers
against RR monopolies
![Page 27: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Problem: Monopolies & Trusts
Solution:3. Wilson’s CLAYTON ANTI-TRUST Act of 1914 is
stronger than the – SHERMAN Anti-trust law
And it saidUNIONS had right to ORGANIZE
(creates the Fed. TRADE COMMISSION, too)
![Page 28: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Problem: Monopolies & Trusts
Clayton Anti-Trust Act Successful reform ?Y/N ?“YES”Over 400 “cease & desist” orders were issued to
stop unfair business activities
![Page 29: Unit 2: Cornell-D “What Progressive reforms addressed economic problems and were they successful ?”](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070414/5697c0231a28abf838cd4495/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)