Unit 2

English Around the World

Warming up and Reading

Words and expressionsWords and expressions

• Some advice on how to learn english• A. make use of every chance to speak english a

nd say it frequently, so that you can say it fluently just as the native speaker.

• B. remember more vocabularies, gradually, you will know more than spelling, including the meaning of the words.

• C. Although you are not very good at english at present, insist on( 坚持） working hard, you will be successful.

Native language:It is the language that one or both

your parents speak. You learn it as your first language /your native

language/mother tongue.

English as a second language:It is the language used by

government,schools, newspapers and TV, but people speak the language of their own

country at home.

English as a foreign language

It is the language learnt as a school subject.

AmericaAmerica

IrelandIreland

ChinaChina CanadaCanada

The U.k.The U.k.

PakistanPakistan

PhilippinesPhilippines

South AfricaSouth Africa

New New ZealandZealandNigeriaNigeria

Which countries used English as the officialofficial （官方语言） / native ( 本土语 )/ foreign ( 外语 )language?

Countries speak English as their mother tongue

Britain(UK)

America (USA)

Canada

Australia New Zealand South Africa

the USA

Canada

New Zealand

AustraliaSouth Africa

the United Kingdom

Ireland

Why should welearn English?

to use for business. to use in school.

To learn about otherCountries.

to talk to native speakers.

to study In westernuniversities.

to listen to English music and movies.

• English is so important, shouldn’t we work hard????

• ANSWER!!!!

How much do you know about the English language?

1. It is an international language and widely used.

2. It is the official language of many countries and the UN.

3. It plays an important role as a first or second language.

4. It is learned by people in many non-English speaking countries.

in an international talk/meeting

In what situations is English used?

in schoolson the air

(on TV, on the radio…)

When we sing English songs.

When we listen to English.

AMERICAN ENGLISH

AND

BRITISH ENGLISH

What are the two main groups of English?

B.E and A.E

Let’s go to the

pictures! Ok. But how shall we go to the movies?

Do you know the difference between B.E and A.E?

Why not go by

Underground? Er, but the subway station is far away.

British English

American English

elevator/lift in a team/on a team rubber/eraser petrol/gas

Come on!

Yeah!

Do you want

to come to my flat? How far

is your apartment? It is beautifu

l?

Shall we go to the pub to celebrate your birthday?

Wow, bar is a

nice place.

Wow, I want a tin of Coko, some biscuits and sweets. What about you, Obama ?

Well, I want a can of milk tea, some cookies and some candy.

Hey, let’s go and see a soccer game. It is very exciting.

Great. I like football match very much.

Time to go home. Let’s go to the elevator together.

Oh no, the lift must be full of people this time.

Chinese British English American English

公寓酒吧罐头糖果饼干电梯比赛足球秋天汽油

flat apartmentpub bartin cansweets candy

biscuit cookielift elevator

match gamefootball soccerautumn fallpetrol gas

colour color centre

traveledtravelledcenter

dancenot

[dæns][da:ns]

[nat][nэt]

autumn fall

I think I guess

spelling

pronunciation

words

expressions

Difference 1 Difference 2

1.Do you think that people from Britain and American can understand?

Why do you think so?2.Is there any differences in written and

spoken English in the countries?

Pre-reading

1. With your partner, list the countries

that use English as an official language.

2. Which country do you think has the

most English learners?

* 英国 * 澳大利亚 * 巴哈马群岛 * 博茨瓦纳 （但国语是 Setswana ） * 加拿大 （连同法语） * 斐济 （但是国语是斐济语） * 香港 （连同汉语） * 印度 （连同孟加拉语， 泰卢固语， 马拉地语， 泰米尔语， 乌尔都语， Gujarati ， Malayalam ， 埃纳德语， Oriya ， Punjabi ， 阿萨姆语， 克什米尔语， Sindhi ， 梵语） * 肯尼亚 （连同 Kiswahili ）

以英语作为官方语言的有 :

* 基里巴斯 * 尼日尔利亚 * 巴基斯坦 * 爱尔兰 （但是第二语言，第一语言是爱尔兰语） * 南非 （连同南非荷兰语， Ndebele ， Northern Sotho ， 梭托语， 斯威士语， Tsonga ， 茨瓦纳语， Venda ， 班图语，祖鲁语） * 新西兰 （习惯上的官方语言；其它法律规定的是毛利语） * 新加坡 （连同马来语， 泰米尔语和汉语。国语是马来语） * 菲律宾 （但国语是菲律宾语） * 冈比亚 * 美国

For those that speak English as their first language the USA or India must have the largest number of native speakers as they have the largest populations.

For those who learn English as their first foreign language China must have the largest number as it has the largest population.

Prediction

Read the title “The road to modern

English” and predict ( 预测 ) what th

e passage is mainly about?

Scan the text to find or make out a

key sentence for each paragraph.

Skimming

Paragraph 2 B. Many people all over the world speak English.

Paragraph 1 A.English is now spoken wide in Asia.

Paragraph 3

Paragraph 4

E. Why has English has changed over time?

D. Finally by the 19th century the language was settled.

Paragraph 5

C. Native speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.

DETAILED READING

• Para1. How many people speak English?

• About 5-7million people spoke English.

• When and why did English begin to be spoken in many other countries?

• People from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world.

• Scatter, is from an unextinguished hearth Ashes and sparks, my words among mankind!

• Be through my lips to unawakened earth The trumpet of a prophecy!

• O Wind, If Winter comes , can Spring be far behind?

• Para3&4. Why has english changed?• Actually all languages change and develop when

cultures meet and communicate with each other.• What are the two big changes in english spelling?• First Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and la

ter Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language.

Make a timeline of the development of English, using the passage to help you.

22

During the 5th century AD

Between AD 800 and 1150

By the 1600s

1.English was based more on German.

2.English was influenced by Danish and French invaders.

3.Shakespeare used a wider vocabulary than ever before.

1620

From 18th century

1765-1947

By 19th century

4.British settlers moved to America in the “May flower”.

5.British colonized Australia.

6.English spoken in India.

7.Dictionaries standardized the spelling of English.

• Para 5

• Why does India have a very large number of fluent English speakers?

• Because it was ruled by Britain from 1765 to 1947.

• What about in China?

• The number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.

1.English had the most speakers in

the 17th century.

2.English developed when new

settlers and rulers came to Britain.

3.Languages frequently change.

T

F

F

Read the passage carefully and decide whether the statements are true or false and explain why.

11

Careful reading

4.The language of the government is

always the language of the country.

5.English is one of the official

languages used in India.

6.This reading describes the

development of the English language.

T

T

F

• Summary:

• English has changed and____ when cultures meet and ____ with each other. From AD450 to 1150, new settlers to England enriched the English language and enlarged its___. In 1620, British people began to move to other countries, and___, English was spoken in many other countries. By the 19th century, American English spelling

• got a separate____ when Noah Webster wrote his dictionary. At ___, more people speak English as their first,___ or a foreign language than ever before. People in South Asia ___ as India, Singapore speak ___English. China may have the___ number of English learners.

1. Why do so many people want to learn English?

1.use computers and the internet2.to trade3.to learn in western universities4.to read academic journals……

33 In pairs discuss these questions.

1.as a result of China’s growing economic power

2.as a result of China’s growing influence in the UN

3.to trade with China

4.to move some branches of Western companies into China.

…….

2.Why do you think more people in the world now want to lean Chinese?

Development of English

the end of the 16th century

the next century

today

England

Many other countries

More people speak in more countries

Conclusion

time

place

Language can change with time.Language can change

when cultures communicate with each other.

Discussion

How does a powerful country influence a

language, such as the USA.

Will Chinese English become one of the

world’ English? Why?

Has Chinese changed over the time? How?

Why?

Choose any one of it to have a discussion.

Assignment

1. Try to remember the English meaning of the new words in Reading I.

2. Prepare for the next class.

3. Finish the exercises on WB.

Some backgrounds

of Am. E & Br. E

American English and British English

The differences between American English and British English

How come the differences:

1.At first the language in Britain and America was the same.

2.In 1776 America became an independent country.The language began to change.The language in America stayed the same,while the language in England changed.

3.At the same time, British English and the American English stared borrowing words from other languages, ending up with different words.

4.In 1828 Noah Webster published the first American dictionary. And he changed the spelling of some words.

英语与美语的差异 A.E. B.E

公寓 apartment flat

洗手间 bathroom/restroom toilet

罐头 can tin

糖果 candy sweets

洋芋片 chips crisps

饼干 cookie biscuit

玉米 corn maize

婴儿床 crib cot

尿布 diaper nappy

A.E. B.E

橡皮擦 eraser rubber

一楼 first floor ground floor

手电筒 flashlight torch

抵抗 defense defence

草稿 draft draught

最爱 favorite favourite

荣誉 honor honour

薯条 French fries chips

垃圾桶 garbage can dustbin

汽油 gas/gasoline petrol

果酱 jelly jam

A.E. B.E

数学 math maths

丝袜 panty-hose pantyhose tights

薯片 potato-chips crisps

手提包 purse/pocketbook handbag

足球 soccer football

来回票 roundtrip return

人行道 sidewalk pavement

炉子 stove cooker

毛衣 sweater jersey/jumper

卡车 truck lorry

假期 vacation holiday

A.E. B.E

地铁 subway underground

秋天 fall autumn

大学 college university

两周 two weeks fortnight

生气 mad angry

电梯 elevator lift