Unit 2: Food and Nutrition

Learning objectives:• Understand the nutritional needs.• Recognise the main nutrients and their function in the human body.• Analyse and compare different types of diet.• Recognise healthy eating habits.• Identify the main disorders caused by inadequate nutrition.

1. Food and nutrientsNutrients

Organic nutrients

Carbohydrates

Simple carbohydrate

s or sugars

Complex

carbohydrates

Lipids

Fats

Saturated Unsaturated

Membrane lipids

Lipids with regulatory functions

Proteins Vitamins

Fat soluble (A, D, E, K)

Water soluble

Inorganic

nutrients

Mineral salts Water

(sacarosa)

Function: to provide energy in the short term

Starch (almidón)

Function: to provide energy in the long term

Function: to provide energy

Unsaturated fatsFunction: to provide energy

Function of proteins•to form structures• to transport oxygen (haemoglobin)• to regulate biological responses• to form antibodies (body defence)

Vitamins

Fat soluble

A D E K

Water soluble

Bs C

Mineral saltsThey have different functions.We need large amounts of Mg, K, Ca, NaWe need minimal amounts of Fe, Zn, Cu and I.

Water

It allows us to carry out our own metabolic reactions. It regulates body temperature. It serves as a medium for transporting subtances.

Water is the universal solvent:

2. Nutritional Needs

Nutritional NeedsStructural•Proteins

Providing energy•Lipids•Carbohydrates

Regulatory•Vitamins•Mineral Salts

Mediterranean dietIt is based on:-Olive oil-Cereals-Pulses-Fish-Vegetables and fruits

4. Food consumptionFood additives

They are natural or artificial substances that are added to foods for various purposes:

• preservatives (conservantes)• colourings• flavour enhancers (potenciadores del sabor)• stabilisers• antioxidants• sweeteners (edulcorantes)

Difference between best-before and use-by dateBest-before (“consumir preferentemente antes de”): This ensures that

the food retains all its nutritional features.

Use-by date (“fecha de caducidad”): After this date, consumption of the food may be harmful.

1. Look at your food label and write down on your notebookwhat pieces of information are included.

Name of product: Cheetos crunchyProduct amount: 280 gList of ingredientsInstructions for use or cookingNutrition FactsSpecial storage conditions…2. Find out about the additives. Write them down and indicatewhat type of additive they are.

Artificial flavour flavour enhancerMonosodium glutamate flavour enhancerCitric acid preservative…

3. Check if your product has a best-before or a use-by date. If you do not find it, guess it.

use-by date

ON YOUR NOTEBOOK

IN PAIRS- BOOK page 35