unit 2 forces & motion. forces ______- an _____ applied to an object to _______ its motion(push...
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![Page 1: Unit 2 Forces & Motion. Forces ______- an _____ applied to an object to _______ its motion(push or pull) Units of lb, N (equal to kg. m/sec 2 ) If forces](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042703/56649dfe5503460f94ae6539/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Unit 2 Forces & Motion
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Forces
______- an _____ applied to an object to _______ its motion(push or pull)
Units of lb, N (equal to kg.m/sec2)If forces are _______ then the object won’t _______ and it is said to be in _________________ _________=acceleration
Forces ______ occur in pairs!!!!!
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Newton’s Laws of MotionNewton’s First Law:
“AKA” the Law of _______Inertia- property of an object to ______ _______ in state of motion
an object will _____ at rest until ______ on by an unbalanced _______In other words, things tend to keep on doing what they were doing in the first place unless you apply a force.
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Newton’s Laws of MotionNewton’s Second Law:
Unbalanced force causes an object to ________ while the object’s mass _____accelerationFnet=ma•a=acceleration (m/sec2), F=
force (N), m=mass (kg)• Fnet= Right – Left
• Fnet= Top - Bottom
EX. Lighter cars go faster than heavier ones pushed with equal force. Lighter cars resist the force of acceleration less allowing them to move faster than heavier ones.
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3.3 Newton’s Third Law
Newton’s 3rd Law: For ______ _____ ______ there is a reaction force equal in ________ & __________ in directionCan be _______ or __________Examples: rockets, stepping into a boat, throw a ball when on a skate board
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Net Forces____ Force - ____ _____ of all the forces that act on an objectIn the same _______ – ____ forces togetherIn ________ directions –_______ forces
largest vector wins when forces act in opposite directions
At right angles (a2 + b2 = c2)When net Force = 0, there is __ ____________. This means the object is:
Not moving ORMoving at a constant velocity
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Gravity, Weight & MassGravity-
Force ______ toward mass of planetDepends on _____Mass- _______ of matter in an object ________ ___ __ ________
Changes on other planetsOn Earth= -9.8m/s2
Weight- force ________ by _____, depends on mass
It is a force acting on object in units of lb or N
•Fw=mg
•Fw= weight force (N)
•m=mass (kg)
•g=acceleration due to gravity (-9.8 m/sec2)
•Fw=mg
•Fw= weight force (N)
•m=mass (kg)
•g=acceleration due to gravity (-9.8 m/sec2)
Fw
m g
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Law of Universal Gravitation
______ __ _________ directly related to masses & indirectly related to distanceF=G m1m2
r2
F= Force of attraction G= ___________ constant m1 = mass object 1 m2 = mass object 2 r = radius btw the objects
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Free Fall- • ____ straight down in the ________ of ___
_____________• Acceleration due to gravity _____ m/sec2
• Object’s will experience _______ acceleration (uniform increases in velocity) when in _____ ________!
Terminal Velocity- Highest ________ reached by a ________ objectWhen an object ______ _________, but continues to fall, terminal velocity is achieved.Occurs when force of air resistance _________ the weight of the object.
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Friction: _________ accelerationWorks __________ motionOccurs when surfaces move against one anotherCauses _______ on parts
Examples of friction:_____ friction- (air resistance)- aka – “____”_______ friction (rub hands together)________ friction- (oil in car engines & joint fluid)________ friction- (wheel on road, ball bearings)
What is friction?
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Static Friction (Ffs) Sliding Friction (Ffk) The frictional force that must be ________ to get an object moving (Ffs)
μs = Ffs
FN
μ=coefficient of friction (ratio of frictional forces to the normal force)
Fw: Weight Force= mass(gravity)
FN: Normal Force Often = to the Weight Force (Fw)
The frictional force that ______ once an object is in motion (Ffk)
AKA kinetic frictionμk = Ffk
FN
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Free-body diagrams• It is a diagram that visually represents the various forces being applied on an object: •Fstatic = _______ force (Ff)
•Fpush = _______ force (FA)•N = the ______ or support force (FN); perpendicular to surface•W = _____ of object (FW)
The sum of all of the forces involved is called the FNET or FR ( the “R” stands for ____________ or the result of all forces)
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Rules of Friction
If an object is slowing down or not moving, then the frictional force (Ff) is _________ the pulling forceIf an object is moving at a constant speed, then the frictional force (Ff) is _____ __ the pulling forceIf an object is speeding up, the frictional force (Ff) is _____ _____ the pulling force. Fp=pulling force = Fa=applied force
Fp or FaFf