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Unit 2: Our Body

� The human body is an amazing machine. It consists of many parts and systems that work together to carry out our body functions. � Our body is divided into three main parts: head, trunk and limbs. � Our upper limbs are our arms and our lower limbs are our legs. This is a “mind map” about our body.

OUR BODY

IT HAS MAIN FUNCTIONS

MUSCLES

BONES

JOINTS

ORGANS

NERVOUS

SYSTEM

RESPIRATORY

SYSTEM

CIRCULATORY

SYSTEM

DIGESTIVE

SYSTEM

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1. Make groups with your classmates and copy in a wide

card board the “mind map” of above. You will need

scissors and glue to stick your work on the wall.

2. Complete this picture and label it using these words:

lower limbs trunk head upper limbs

3. Draw:

Upper limb Lower limb

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BONES

• Bones are the hard parts of our body.

• They hold our body and protect the inside organs.

• All our bones form our skeleton.

These are some of the most important bones of our body:

SKULL

SPINE

RIBS HUMERUS

RADIUS

HIP

FEMUR

TIBIA

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4. Write the part of the body where these bones are:

o Femur:

o Skull:

o Spine:

o Hip:

o Humerus:

5. Write TRUE or FALSE

Humans don’t have a skeleton.

The skull is a part of the head.

Bones are flexible.

The humerus is part of our upper limbs.

The femur is a tiny bone.

The ribs protect our heart.

6. Whom does a flag with a skull belong to?

It belongs to..................................................

Draw the pirates’ flag.

You can use the following words:

head – upper limbs – lower limbs – trunk

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MUSCLES

• Muscles are elastic and softer than bones.

• They cover the bones and help us move.

These are some of the most important muscles of our

body:

TRICEPS

BICEPS

PECTORAL

MUSCLES

ABDOMINAL

or

STOMACH

MUSCLES GLUTEUS

CALF MUSCLES

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JOINTS

• Joints are where different bones meet.

• We use our joints to bend parts of our body. • We can turn, bend and jump because our body is

flexible.

These are some of the most important joints of our body:

NECK

ELBOW

HIP

SHOULDER

WRIST

KNEE

ANKLE

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7. Tick where we can find these joints.

8. Classify the parts of the body: skull, biceps, humerus,

wrist, calf muscles, neck, gluteus, ribs, ankle.

9. Draw the skeleton of a horse and compare it with

yours.

NECK HIP ANKLE ELBOW KNEE WRIST

HEAD

TRUNK

LIMBS

BONES MUSCLES JOINTS

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ORGANS

• A human body is made up of billions of tiny blocks, called ‘cells’. Cells are too small to see with the naked eyes. Scientists can photograph them through powerful ‘microscopes’.

• Our cells are organized into larger body parts called

‘organs’.

BRAIN Our brain works lie a computer. It sends signals to our body to read, write, run, feel hot or cold…

LUNGS Lungs are one of the largest organs in our body. We use our lungs to breathe in and out.

HEART Heart is one of the most important organs. The heart pumps blood and sends it to our whole body.

STOMACH The stomach is an organ that stores the food which we eat and pass it on to the small intestine. In the stomach, the food gets broken down.

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FUNCTIONS

NERVOUS SYSTEM The nervous system is the ‘highway’ along which your brain sends and receives information about what is happening in the body and around it. This ‘highway’ is made up of billions of nerve cells or neurons which join together to make nerves.

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM The job of your respiratory system is to bring oxygen into your body, and remove the carbon dioxide from it. Your body needs oxygen to survive. The main organs in your respiratory system are your lungs. 10. Complete the following sentence: The respiratory system moves air in and out of the body. You can breathe using your _________ or your _______

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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM The circulatory system is centred on the heart, a muscular organ that pumps blood to every part of the body. Blood carries the oxygen and nutrients needed to fuel the activities of the body. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM The job of the digestive system is to break down the food we eat into smaller units called nutrients. They are absorbed into the bloodstream. The mouth takes in food, food continues to the stomach and passes to the intestines. 11. Match the parts of the body with the system they belong to.

Brain

Lungs

Heart

Stomach

Digestive Sys

Nervous Sys

Digestive Sys

Respiratory Sys