Unit 3 HEALTH AND DISEASE SUMMARY

1

HEALTH

DISEASE

Vs.

It is a state of complete physical, mental and social

well-being.

It is the lack of health.

They can be…

INFECTIOUS

NON-INFECTIOUS

Caused by pathogens / microbes (harmful

organisms, like viruses and bacteria)

VIRUSES BACTERIA

They cause diseases like: • Colds • Measles • Chicken pox • Flu • AIDS

They cause diseases like:

• Tetanus • Salmonellosis • Pneumonia

They are contagious, which means that they can be

transmitted from person to person through the air or body

fluids.

They are contagious if they can be transmitted from person to person

through the air or body fluids.

They attack the organism, which reacts causing fever, inflammation, chills and other symptoms.

They are treated with antibiotics and

antivirals

Caused by the environment, genetics, vitamin deficiency

or organ malfunctions

Not contagious

Mental diseases, such as depression, or Alzheimer’s disease

affect the nervous system. Unhealthy lyfestyle and fast food can cause weight problems and

heart disease.

Allergy: reaction that some people have when they come into

contact with substances such as dust, pollen, animal hair,

antibiotics or certain food. (hay fever, nut allergy, asthma) Cancer: the body’s cells begin to

develop in a different way and grow uncontrollably damaging

the normal cells.

Diabetes: high amounts of sugar within the bloodstream. Most

diabetic patients take insulin to keep their blood sugar level

under control.

Unit 3 HEALTH AND DISEASE SUMMARY

2

THINGS TO DO IF YOU WANT

TO STAY HEALTHY

SAY NO!: drugs and alcohol can cause serious problems in your

brain and other organs.

PREVENTION: regular check-ups and vaccinations will protect you

from certain diseases.

EAT HEALTHY: get all the nutrients with five healthy meals

a day. Fruit is better than sweets!!!

DO EXERCISE: it makes your muscles (and your

heart) stronger

GAME OVER: play videogames for short periods to avoid them

hurting you.

KEEP CLEAN: when you wash your body you remove bacteria

away from it!!

SLEEP ENOUGH: you should sleep 11hours a day so your brain

develops and your body repairs itself.

Unit 3 HEALTH AND DISEASE SUMMARY

3

ADVANCES IN MEDICINE

DIAGNOSIS OF ILLNESSES (It is the act of identifying an inllness

based on symptoms and tests. (x – rays, blood and urine tests,

scans , ...)

PREVENTION OF ILLNESSES: VACCINATION ( a vaccine is a dose of the weakened virus or

bacteria which stimulates the white blood cells to make antibodies. Vaccines were discovered by Edwar Jenner in 1798. Pasteur created the

first vaccine in a lab in 1818)

OTHER ADVANCES IN MEDICINE (bllod

transfusion, insulin, pacemaker, organ

transplant, test-tube baby, first animal

clone, human genome)

TREATMENT OF ILLNESSES (1928 –

penicillin – Alexander Fleming. Antibiotics)

NEW TECHNIQUES IN SURGERY (anaesthesia, microsurgery,

keyhole surgery)