unit 3 when lightning struck unit 3 when lightning struck

Unit 3

When Lightning

struck

Unit 3

When Lightning

struck

The PlanThe Plan

• Word study

• A global picture of Text I

• A detailed study of Text I

• Exercises & Homework

Word StudyWord Study

• Pronunciation

• Derivation

• Syn. & Anto.

• Differentiation


Pronunciation --Read the new words and expressions aloud.

--Listen for the correct pronunciations of the new

words in the recording of Text I.

Word Study: DerivationWord Study: Derivation

noun adjective adverb verb

procedure procedural ─ ─

reassurance reassuring/

reassured

─ reassure

glamour glamorous glamorously glamorize

soul soulful ─ ─

intensity intense intensely intensify

─ soothing ─ sooth


Synonyms

scared frightened, terrified

go through experience (v.)

anticipate expect

indebted grateful, obliged


Antonyms

vaguely clearly

glamorous unglamorous

indiscriminate discriminate, selective

rocky steady, stable

Word Study: Differentiation (I)Word Study: Differentiation (I)

somehow vs. somewhat Somehow is used when we don't know or cannot

say how something has been done or will be done.

Somewhat indicates that something is the case to a limited extent or degree.

Word Study: Differentiation (II)Word Study: Differentiation (II)

fear vs. panic

Both words refer to producing an upsetting emotional

response to something unpleasant or dangerous.

Fear means to be afraid or worried that something

unpleasant or dangerous might happen or might have

happened

Panic stresses the confused, hysterical or ineffective

action that results from an unpleasant or dangerous

event.

Word Study: Differentiation (III)Word Study: Differentiation (III)

hope vs. anticipate Both words pertain to the attitude of looking

forward to something that is to occur in the future. Hope suggests looking forward exclusively to some

positive or favorable outcome. Structurally, it should be followed by either a nominal clause or an infinitive, or used intransitively.

Anticipate is restricted to thoughts of the future of either a pleasant outcome or an unpleasant one. Normally, it is followed by a nominal phrase, and occasionally , by a nominal clause.

Word Study: Differentiation (IV)Word Study: Differentiation (IV)

survive vs. live

Both words indicate continued existence.

Survive emphasizes the successful overcoming of

an ordeal or threat to existence. It can be used both

transitively and intransitively.

Live means to have life or to function as an animate

organism. It is basically an intransitive verb, and if

used transitively, it must be followed only by a

cognate object, as in the exercise.

A Detailed StudyA Detailed Study

• Warm-up

• Background information

• Theme

• A structural analysis

• Comprehension check

• Language points

• Effective narration

Warm-upWarm-up• Watch the videos of an air-crash survivor’s

account of her survival and an expert’s comments on her experience.

• Listen for the information about:– how the speaker felt and what she heard before

the plane crashed– what she did while the plane was dropping– what one should do to have a better chance of

survival in a similar accident

Background Information Do you know them?

Background Information Do you know them?

★fuselage

★landing gear

★cockpit

★cabin

★cabin crew

★stewardess

★pilot / co-pilot

★ loudspeaker ★ safety belt ★ oxygen mask ★ cabin lavatory ★ life jacket ★ boarding card

ThemeTheme

• People can do fine deeds and establish superb touching human relations by helping and supporting each other in crises, and such kindness should be passed on from generation to generation.

A Structural AnalysisA Structural Analysis

Part I (Para. 1—4)

Our plane was unexpectedly struck by lightning, and the worried passengers were informed about an emergency landing.

Part II (Para. 5—9)

Throughout the emergency landing, “I” was proud of the passengers’ perfect self-control in the crisis and their efforts to comfort one another.

A Structural Analysis (cont.)A Structural Analysis (cont.)

Part III (Para. 10—12)

After the safe landing, “I” felt relieved and was deeply touched by “my” fellow passengers’ kind deeds while waiting for alternative flights.

Part IV (Para. 13—14)

“My” adventurous plane trip taught me that what is most important is not to pay back kindness to a specific fellow passenger but to pass it on at large.

Text ComprehensionText ComprehensionQ & A 1.What made the author think that the plane must have

been hit by lightning when she was in the tiny bathroom? 2. Why did many passengers never pay attention to the

emergency procedures instruction before takeoff? 3. What is suggested about the wonderful gift of the

author’s friend’s dying father? 4. What were the passengers’ admirable acts of kindness

that deeply touched the author? 5. What is the writer’s purpose of presenting her

extraordinary and unforgettable travel experience? 6. What is the tone of this narrative?

Text comprehensionText comprehension Judge whether the following statements are true or false. 1. The author was informed that the plane was hit by

lightning when she was in the tiny bathroom. 2. A flight attendant managed to unbolt the bathroom door

and let me out. 3. The author was too frightened to remember the

emergency procedures that a flight attendant reviewed before takeoff.

4. The author took pride in her fellow passengers, because none of them panicked. Instead, they went all out to support one another.

5. The author came to realize that, instead of paying it back, she should pass the kindness she had seen or received on.

Key: F F F T T

Part I (Para. 1—4) Part I (Para. 1—4)

Language points

Sentence Highlights

Language PointsLanguage Points

lightning (in the title) thunder and ~ ~ never strikes twice in the same place. She changed her clothes with (at) ~ speed.

slam (Para. 1) We could hear people shouting and doors ~ ming in the h

ouse next door. Henry ~med the report on the desk and angrily walked o

ut. In the distance, he heard the ~ of the car door.


jolt (Para. 1) The residents felt the first massive ~ of the earthquake at

about 2:30 p.m. Our car ~ ed over the rough road.

swerve (Para. 1) The bus made a sudden ~ to avoid a child running

across the street. The bus ~d across the road and crashed into a tree.


…this is it! (sl) used before an action or event that will have an import

ant effect on the final result

scramble (Para 1) The campers ~ed to safety when flood came down the can

yon. He made a ~ over the rocks at the seashore.


lunge (Para. 1) They both ~d forwards to catch the ball. He made a ~ towards his opponent, but missed.

bee (Para. 2) All the pupils got excellent grades in the spelling ~ .

connect (Para. 2) This train ~ s with the cross-Channel ferry at Dover. Related word: connection

My train was late and I missed my ~ .

Concepts visualizedConcepts visualized

laptop

desktop palmtop

palmtop

Language PointsLanguage Points put away (Para. 3)

Remember to ~ the toys ~ when you finish playing. My parents have ~ about $50,000 for my education.

done (Para. 4) As soon as I’m ~, I’m going home.

review (Para. 4) ~ ing for exams gives you a chance to bring together all th

e individual parts of the course. We'll ~ the situation at the end of the month.

Language PointsLanguage Points figure (Para. 4)

She ~d that both she and Ned had learned a lot from the painful experience.

life jacket (Para. 4)

Sentence Highlights

Sentence Highlights

…I felt the slamming jolt, and then the horrible swerve that swerve (Para. 1)

…I felt the sudden, forceful, and loud shaking of our plane, and then its terrible turning aside that pushed me against the door.

Sentence HighlightsSentence Highlights

Somehow, I managed to unbolt the door and scrambled out. (Para. 1)

By some means, I succeeded in releasing the bolt of the door and getting out of the bathroom.


As I lunged toward my seat, passengers looked up at me with the stricken expressions of creatures who know they are about to die. (Para. 1)

As I suddenly rushed forward in the direction of my seat, the passengers looked up at me with painful emotions, which are almost commonly seen in animals who know that they are going to die.

Sentence HighlightsSentence Highlights Of course I never paid attention to this drill,

always figuring that if we ever got to the point where we needed to use life jackets, I would have already died of terror. (Para. 4)

Subjunctive Mood

I never took this drill seriously, since I always supposed that if we ever came to the critical moment when we had to put out life jackets on, I would have already died of fear.

Part II (Para. 5—9) Part II (Para. 5—9)

Language points

Sentence Highlights

Rhetorical Devices

Language PointsLanguage Points pull oneself together (Para. 5)

Just pull yourself together. There's no point crying about it.

make it (Para. 5) Despite the heavy rain, she made it to the airport just in

time to catch her flight.

small potatoes (Para. 5) If somebody or something is referred to as a small potato,

it seems unimportant when compared to somebody or something else.


confide (Para. 7) He ~ ed to his friends that he his wife planned to

separate. It is easier for a child to ~ in someone who is not

much older than him.

bring up (Para. 7) He tried repeatedly to ~ the subject of money. We’d been ~ to think that borrowing money was

bad.

Language PointsLanguage Points squeeze (Para. 7)

The mother gave her son’s hand a little~. He ~d an orange to get the juice out. The government’s putting the ~ on business profits.

panic (Para. 8)

When he saw the flames getting closer, he ~ked and jumped out of the window.

I phoned the doctor in a ~, crying that my grandpa had a heart attack.


excruciating (Para. 8) He was in ~ pain and one foot wouldn’t move.

pocket (Para. 8) Government troops crushed the last ~ s of

resistance in the city.


I reached for her hand and reassured her that we were going to make it. (para. 5)

I held out my hand to take hers, comforted her and restored her confidence by saying that we would manage to have a safe and sound journey home.


After this, London’s going to seem like small potatoes. (Para. 5)

Having experienced this, you might consider your trip to London insignificant.


The female equivalent of the confident businessman must have seen how scared I was. (Para. 6)

The businesswoman who was as confident as that young businessman must have noticed how frightened I was.

Sentence HighlightsSentence Highlights I was sure that even if I survived the plane crash,

I’d have a couple of broken fingers from all the TLC. (Para. 7)

I firmly believed that if I was able to live through the air crash, I would have a couple of broken fingers as a result of the soulful squeezes given out of her tender loving care.

Rhetorical DevicesRhetorical Devices

roller-coaster (Para. 5)


Now we began a roller-coaster ride through the thunderclouds. (Para. 5)

metaphor


“After this, London’s going to seem like small potatoes.” (Para. 5)

simile

Part III (Para. 10—12) Part III (Para. 10—12)

Language points

Sentence Highlights

Language PointsLanguage Points transfer (Para. 10)

You’d better ~ in Xi’an if you want to go to Urumqi. On day 12, your journey ends with your airport ~.

lament (Para. 10) The whole country ~ed the death of the great novelist. He ~s the fact that he earns too little to pay his bills.

anticipate (Para. 11) The organizers are ~ting a large crowd at the carnival. It is ~d that the majority of our trainees will still come fro

m local companies.

Sentence HighlightsSentence Highlights We chattered about the lives we now felt blessed

to be living, as difficult or rocky as they might be. (Para. 10)

In our talks after the forced landing, we expressed our gratitude to God for the good luck in our lives, which might be very hard or uncertain.


He had been complaining that he wasn’t getting to see very much of me because of my book tour. (Para. 11)

He had been voicing dissatisfaction or unhappiness, saying that he was not able to see me quite often because I had been on my tour for the promotion of my recently published book.

Sentence HighlightsSentence Highlights I felt almost tearful to be parting from the people

whose lives had so intensely, if briefly, touched mine. (Para. 12)

I felt that I was on the point of shedding tears when

having to say goodbye to those people whose words and deeds had so profoundly and strongly influenced my feelings even though we had spent only a short time together on the plane.

Part IV (Para. 13—14) Part IV (Para. 13—14)

Language points

Sentence Highlights

Language PointsLanguage Points fateful (Para. 13)

The world will always remember the ~ day when the atomic bomb was dropped.

witness (Para. 13) Anyone who ~ed the attack should call the police. Any ~es to the incident are asked to contact the police.

indebted (Para. 13) I am ~ to all the people who worked so hard to make the con

cert a success. ~ countries are ones that owe money to other countries.


pay back (Para. 14) I wish one day I could ~ what my parents have done for

me. He begged the old man to forgive him and promised to

~ everything stolen.

pass … on (Para. 14) When you’ve read this message, please ~ it ~.


I am indebted to my fellow passengers. (Para. 13)

I am grateful to those people who were on the same plane with me.


…I feel struck by lightning all over again: the point is not to pay back kindness but to pass it on. (Para. 14)

...I feel as if I were shocked by lightning all over again, because, all of a sudden, I come to realize that the most important point is not to return kindness for kindness, but to spread it and pass it down to future generations.

Effective

Narration

Effective

Narration

Effective NarrationEffective Narration

Careful selection of details …I saw that my other hand was tightly held by a ringe

d hand. …her box of expensive Lindt chocolates, still untouche

d, tied with a lovely bow.

Successful building of suspension …with the stricken expressions of creatures who know

they are about to die. Now we began a roller-coaster ride through the thunde

rclouds.

Effective NarrationEffective Narration

Use of rhetorical devices a roller-coaster ride (metaphor) …London is going to be small potatoes (simile) Among the many feelings going through my head during

those excruciating minutes was pride… (inversion) Use of dynamic and specific words

the slamming jolt, the horrible swerve scramble, lunge, lament, clutch

Use of realistic dialogues Para. 2, Para. 5, Para.7

Exercises & HomeworkExercises & Homework

Review

Textbook exercises

Dictation

Oral practice

Supplementary reading

Review: E-C TranslationReview: E-C Translation

Paragraph 1

As I lunged toward my seat, passengers looked up at me with the stricken expressions of creatures who know they are about to die.

Paragraph 4

Of course I never paid attention to this drill, always figuring that if we ever got to the point where we needed to use life jackets, I would have already died of terror.

Review: E-C TranslationReview: E-C Translation Paragraph 7 I loved her Southern drawl, her indiscriminate

use of perfume, and her soulful squeezes. Paragraph 10 We chatted about the lives we now felt blessed to

be living, as difficult or rocky as they might be. Paragraph 12 I …wish I could thank them for the many acts of

kindness I witnessed and received. I am indebted to my fellow passengers and wish I could pay them back.

Notes on Grammar ExercisesNotes on Grammar Exercises

The use of modal auxiliary + infinitive

in different forms The tense distinctions of the present forms and past forms of

modal auxiliaries are not the chief markers of time reference. When modal auxiliaries take predictive meanings, the

infinitive after it may appear in the perfect form to denote “past time” and in the progressive form to denote “future time”.

When modal auxiliaries take non-predictive meanings, the infinitive after it usually appears in its base form (a bare infinitive).

Key to Grammar Exercises II--IVKey to Grammar Exercises II--IV

II. Rewrite the following, using modal auxiliary + the correct form of the infinitive.

1. He may know the answer. 2. It must have been difficult. 3. He couldn’t have forgotten his appointment. 4. She must be coming tomorrow. 5. We ought to help people in need. 6. May/Can I say something? 7. He may have gone to the museum. 8. You ought to have apologized.

Key to Grammar Exercises II--IVKey to Grammar Exercises II--IV

III. Rewrite the following, using be going to.

1. When are you going to start?

2. I’m sure it is going to rain.

3. I’m going to take a few days’ holiday.

4. When are you going to sell it?

5. There is going to be trouble.

6. We are going to have dinner out.

IV. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the verbs in the brackets.

1. had listened 2. were 3. could 4. knew

5. had 6. were

Notes on Writing PracticeNotes on Writing Practice

How to use conjunctions correctly as if: to suggest a possible explanation for sth. alt

hough one does not think that this is the actual explanation

as far as: to the extent that; as much as as long as: on condition that apart from

except for in addition to

DictationDictation

Our boat floated on,／ between walls of forest.／ Nowhere did we find a place／ where we could have landed. ／ In any case, ／ what would we have got by landing? ／ The country was full of snakes ／ and other dangerous animals, ／ and the forest was so thick ／ that one would be able to advance only slowly, ／ cutting one’s way with knives ／ the whole day. ／We lived on fish, ／ caught with a homemade net of string, ／ and any fruit and nuts ／ we could pick up out of the water. ／ As we had no fire, ／ we had to eat everything, ／ including the fish, ／ uncooked. ／ As for water, ／ there was a choice: ／ we could drink the muddy river water, ／ or die of thirst.

HomeworkHomework

Translation (p. 41)

Retelling

Supplementary reading

Homework: Retelling Homework: Retelling

Retell the story to your partner by using the third-person narrator.

Use as many expressions you’ve learnt in Text I as possible.

Supplementary ReadingSupplementary Reading

Passage I The Denver Connection

Passage II Heroes Among Us

Thank you!Thank you!

unit 3 when lightning struck unit 3 when lightning struck

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