Unit 3.1Introduction to Power

1. What are the resources the human body needs to survive?

• Food• This includes macromolecules (Lipids, Carbohydrates & Proteins), as well as

vitamins & minerals

1. What are the resources the human body needs to survive? Cont.• Water

• Can be taken in through foods or drinks—the body is ¾ water!

1. What are the resources the human body needs to survive? Cont.

• Oxygen • The air around us is about 20% oxygen—the gas humans need to survive

2. What role does food play in the human body?Macromolecule FunctionCarbohydrates Quick energy source

Lipids Long term energy source, cushioning of organs, surrounds axons in the CNS and PNS

Proteins Build & repair body tissues

3.What role does water play in the human body?

1. Dissolves other materials & allows them to flow (in blood)

2. Gives cells structure (just right amount needed to prevent shrinking and exploding)

3. Allows food to digest & pass through intestinal walls into bloodstream

4. Carries waste products out of body (in urine)

5. Helps send electrical messages

6. Regulates homeostasis of body temperature (evaporation/sweating)

7. Lubricates structures (i.e. allows fecal matter to pass through large intestine)

8. Protective barrier around organs

4. What role does oxygen play in the human body?

• Oxygen allows humans to metabolize (burn) fuel (food) creating energy.

• Every cell in the human body needs oxygen to survive.

• Cells turn glucose and oxygen into energy within their mitochondria, in a process called “cellular respiration.”

• Without oxygen, we can’t process food or make energy.

5. What human body systems work to create, process or distribute the body’s main power sources?

• Food• Taken in through the DIGESTIVE

system (absorbed through small intestine walls)

• Passes to the CARDIOVASCULAR system for distribution to all cells

• Insulin (made in the ENDROCRINE system) allows cells to uptake sugar

• Processed within the mitochondria.

5. What human body systems work to create, process or distribute the body’s main power sources? Cont.• Water

• Taken in through the DIGESTIVE system

• Passes to the CARDIOVASCULAR system for distribution to all cells

• Filtered through the kidneys of the URINARY system to remove waste and maintain homeostasis of fluid levels.

5. What human body systems work to create, process or distribute the body’s main power sources? Cont.• Oxygen

• Taken in through the RESPIRATORY system• Passes to the CARDIOVASCULAR system

(through the capillaries that surround the alveoli)

• Is distributed to all cells where it’s processed within the mitochondria.

6. How do personal factors and environmental factors impact the body’s ability to survive without air, food or water?

Environmental Personal

• Presence of dangerous animals (i.e. sharks or poisonous spiders)

• Temperature of air• Humidity of air• Presence of protective clothing

• Fitness level • Age• Will to survive• Amount of fat • Genes• Metabolism