Gothic art:artistic styleEurope, 12th-15th

centuries. Appeared in France,

spread throughout Europe.

Urban Promoted by the bourgeoisie and the clergy.

MAIN CHARACTERISTICS

It reflected the changes of the Late Middle Ages (urban life, bourgeoisie, etc.).

Typologies:Religious: churches and cathedrals

Civil: palaces, town halls, universities, etc.

Looking for height Symbol of power.

Materials: Stone

Hold elements:Pointed arch It distributes the forces more vertically Towards the pillars More height.

Groin vault two pointed arches crossing diagonally Only the corners load weight Large pillars.

Holding elements: - Pillars (with attached columns)- Flying buttresses outside.- Wall No holding function Windows and stained glass

Curtain-wall.

Decorative elements: Stained glass. Rose-windows at the front (façade)

CIVIL ARCHITECTURE:Reflecting the functions and power of cities. Political Town halls: Brussels, Bruges, etc.

Bruges Town Hall

(Bruges, Belgium)

Brussels Town Hall(Brussels, Belgium)

Leuven Town Hall(Leuven, Belgium)

Saint Quentin Town Hall

(St. Quentin, France)

CIVIL ARCHITECTURE Palaces.

Doge’s Palace(Venice, Italy)

Palais des Papes(Avignon, France)

CIVIL ARCHITECTURE:Economic Trade exchanges (Lonjas) Ypres Cloth

Hall (Ypres, Belgium)

Lonja de la Seda

(Valencia)

CIVIL ARCHITECTURE:Cultural Universities

King’s College (Cambridge, United Kingdom)

RELIGIOUS ARCHITECTURE:Floor plans:

Latin-cross plan (3 or 5 aisles) with centred transept. Basilica plan. Double ambulatory with apses. They may even have two transepts.

RELIGIOUS ARCHITECTURE:Great height and luminosity.

Interior: three levels in the sidesNaves (arcades) separated by arches. Triforium (gallery) very narrow.Clerestory Stained-glass windows.

RELIGIOUS ARCHITECTURE:Exterior:

TowersSeveral entrances with archivolts Decorated.

Notre-Dame Cathedral

(Paris, France)

Chartes Cathedral (Chartres, France)

Reims Cathedral (Chartres, France)

Sainte Chapelle(Paris, France)

Köln Cathedral

(Köln, Germany)

Salisbury Cathedral (Salisbury, United Kingdom)

Milan Cathedral (Milan, Italy)

MAIN CHARACTERISTICS

SCULPTURE:- Mostly in façades (archivolts, tympanum, etc.) and

round bulge.- Freed from the architectural frame. - Christ on the cross Suffering. - Virgin and Child Kind, maternal.

Examples: Klaus Sluter.

- Also, gargoyles.

Claus Sluter - Chartreuse de Champmol (Dijon,France)

Claus Sluter -Chartreuse de

Champmol

Tomb of Philip the Bold, Duke of

Burgundy

(Dijon,France)

Sepulcro del Doncel – Tumba de Martín Vázquez de Arce

Catedral de Sigüenza (Sigüenza, Guadalajara)

Gil de SiloéTumba de Juan II de Castilla

Cartuja de Miraflores (Burgos)

PAINTING:- On wood. Barely any wall painting (because of stained-glass windows)- Reredos (Altarpieces, retablo): behind the altar. - Bright colours, golden colour for light, intention of volume and space.

Duccio – Maestà (Galeria degli Uffizi, Florence, Italy)

Giotto – Capella degli Scrovegni (Padova, Italy)

15th century Flanderso Great detailso Bright and strong colours Power.o Great domain of portraits. o Oil painting.

Jan van Eyck – ArnolfiniPortrait

(National Gallery, London, United Kingdom)

Roger van der Weyden

The Descent from the Cross

(Museo del Prado)