unit 5 data comm

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Telecommunications and

Networks




Communications

Communications The message (data and information) is

communicated ia the signal

The transmission medium !carries" the signal

Sender ReceiverSignal

Transmission

medium



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Telecommunications

Telecommunications The electronic transmission of signals for communications$

including such means as%

Telephone Radio

Teleision

Telecommunication medium

&nything that carries an electronic signal and interfaces'eteen a sending deice and a receiing deice



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Communications and

TelecommunicationsIn human speech$ the sender transmits a signal through

the transmission medium of the air

In telecommunications$ the sender transmits a signalthrough the transmission medium of a ca'le



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Data Communications

,ata communications & speciali-ed su'set of telecommunications that

refers to the electronic collection$ processing$ and

distri'ution of data .. typically 'eteen computersystem hardare deices



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Telecommunications Media

Tisted.pair ire%0rdinary telephone ire

Copper ire tisted into pairs



Data Transmission Modes

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Simplex

Half-Duplex Full-Duplex





Coa4ial ca'le%5turdy copper or

aluminum ire rapped

ith spacers to insulateand protect it





Fi'er.optic ca'le%0ne or more hair.

thin filaments of

glass fi'er rappedin a protectie

7ac8et




9etor8 &n interconnected chain$ group or system

Network Concepts

Computer Network

Computer netor8: The communications media$ deices$ and

softare needed to connect to or more

computer systems and;or deices

<sed to share hardare$ programs$ anddata'ases across the organi-ation

Fosters teamor8$ innoatie ideas$ and ne

'usiness strategies




Network Concepts and

Considerations

9etor8 Topology & logical model that descri'es ho netor8s are

structured or configured

Topologies: Ring Bus 5tar

=ierarchical =y'rid



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Network Topologies




Hierarchical• Uses treelike structures

with messages passed

along the branches of the

hierarchy

Hybrid• Network made up of

various types of

topologies



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Business Value of

Telecommunication Networks



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The Internet

Reached To Billion mar8 'y end of 2616(as

per the head of the UN's telecommunications agency )

9o central computer system9o goerning 'ody

9o one ons it



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opular uses of the Internet




Using the Internet for !usiness




Business "alue of the Internet




#n Intranet

& netor8 inside an organi-ationThat uses Internet technologies (such as

>e' 'rosers and serers$ TC?;I?

protocols$ =TM@$ etcA)

To proide an Internet.li8e enironment

ithin the organi-ation

For information sharing$ communications$

colla'oration and support of 'usiness

processes

?rotected 'y security measuresCan 'e accessed 'y authori-ed users

through the Internet




$nterprise Information ortal




$%tranet

9etor8 lin8s that use Internet technologiesTo connect the Intranet of a 'usiness

>ith the Intranets of its customers$ suppliers or

other 'usiness partners



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Difference !etween Internet& $%tranet and

Intranet



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Types of Network



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@&9 . @ocal &rea 9etor8

@&9 connects

netor8ing deices

ith in short spam of

area around 6.*8ms$

iAeA small offices$

home$ internet cafesetc



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M&9 is usually a middleay to @&9 and >&9A It isesta'lished 'y the ariousinterconnections 'eteen

>&9 and @&9A Man isspread oer an area ofaround * to almost *6 8mAM&9 has manyapplications $ it is most

commonly used in 'an8s$online reserationsystems and in manymilitary 'ased serices

M&9 . Metropolitan &rea

9etor8




>&9 . >ide &rea 9etor8

&s the term implies$

a >&9 spans a large

physical distanceA

The Internet is the

largest >&9$

spanning the arthA




oals of Network

Resource and load sharing?rograms do not need to run on a single machine

Reduced cost

5eeral machines can share printers$ tape dries$ etcA=igh relia'ility

If a machine goes don$ another can ta8e oer

Mail and communication

It is easy for to or more people liing far apart to or8 on samepro7ect 'y portioning it using a netor8A It ma8es speedy co.

operations and enhances human to human communicationA



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