Unit 5

Dealing with AIDSDealing with AIDS

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AIDSAIDS

• AIDS stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

Acquired means you can get infected with itImmune Deficiency means a weakness in the

body's system that fights diseases. Syndrome means a group of health problems

that make up a disease.

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• 2001 - I care. Do you? • 2000 - AIDS : Men make a difference • 1999 - Listen, Learn, Live: World AIDS

Campaign with Children & Young People • 1998 - Force for Change: World AIDS

Campaign With Young People • 1997 - Children Living in a World with AIDS • 1996 - One World, One Hope • 1995 - Shared Rights, Shared Responsibilities

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• 2006- Stop AIDS Keep the Promise

• 2005 -Stop AIDS Keep the Promise

• 2004 - Women, Girls, HIV and AIDS

• 2003 –live ， let live

• 2002 - You are together with me

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The red ribbonThe red ribbon

• The red ribbon is an international symbol of AIDS awareness that is worn by people all year round and particularly around World AIDS Day to demonstrate care and concern about HIV and AIDS, and to remind others of the need for their support and commitment.

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• The red ribbon started as a "grass roots" effort, and as a result there is no official red ribbon, and many people make their own. It's easily done - just use some ordinary red ribbon and a safety pin!

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HomosexualityHomosexuality

• Homosexuality can refer to sexual behavior or attraction between people of the same sex, or to a sexual orientation. When describing the latter, it refers to enduring sexual and romantic attraction towards those of the same sex, but not necessarily to sexual behavior. Homosexuality is contrasted with heterosexuality, bisexuality and asexuality.

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Safe SexSafe Sex• Strictly speaking, safe sex refers to sexual a

ctivities which do not involve any blood or sexual fluid from one person getting into another person’s body. If two people are having safe sex then, even if one person is HIVinfected, there is no possibility of the other person becoming infected. Examples of safe sex are cuddling, mutual masturbation, “dry” (or “clothed”) sex…in many parts of the

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• world, particularly the USA, people are taught that the best form of safe sex is no sex-also called “sexual abstinence”.

• Safe sex is often used to mean the sexual activities that hold little risk of HIV infection, especially by using a condom for sexual intercourse, which indeed is “safer sex”.

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• The text relates a true story----unforgettable personal experience of the writer’s. It tells us how David, the writer’s best friend, suffered form AIDS, what attitude the write took towards David, and how much concern he showed to David, i.e. how he helped David deal with AIDS.

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Text structureText structure

Part 1(Para 1): It introduces the specific date when AIDS became known to the author.

Part 2(Para 2-4): It provides an account of how the author came to know the fact that his friend was suffering from AIDS, how he felt toward it and how others responded to it.

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Part 3(Para 5-7): It tells us that the writer maintained an active and positive attitude toward his friend.

Part 4(Para 8): It mentions the specific date of that marked the end of David’s life, describes the writer’s feelings toward David’s death and indicates how he keep his friend’s memory alive.

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What are the advantages of the first person What are the advantages of the first person narration used in the text?narration used in the text?

• 1. The first person makes it easier or more convenient for the writer to insert his feelings and describe his psychological activities.

• 2. The activities and events narrated are treated as personal experiences, so they are more believable.

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• 3. It seems to make the passage more vivid, more specific, and more thought-provoking because the writer tells you directly his unforgettable experience, which are more likely to arouse your emotion.

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What is the theme of the textWhat is the theme of the text ？？• First sentence in first paragraph ：• Dealing with AIDS strengthens the bond

of friendship and encourages emotional and mature growth.

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Part one( para 1Part one( para 1 ））• Sentence fragment. It is actually part of the

preceding sentence. Why does the author separate them from each other?

• More information units mean emphatic meanings. It is precisely for the purpose of emphasis that a sentence is divided into two or more than two parts by means of full stops.

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dealing with AIDS: taking action against AIDS ( cope with )

strengthen: become or make strong or increase the strength of (weaken)

We have strengthened our national economy and contained the inflation.

Cf. intensify

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• 这是为增强我们的竞争能力所作的有步骤的尝试。

• It is a systematic attempt to strengthen our competitive ability.

• Steve's opposition only strengthened her resolve to go ahead.

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bondbond

( 1)a uniting force or tie sth. that unite two or more people or groups /relationship

The trade agreement strengthened the bonds between the two nations.

(2) a written agreement or promise that has legal force

We entered into a solemn bond with them.

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• Bond 债券 an official document promising that a government or company will pay back money that it has borrowed, often with interest

• security 证券 Stock 股票 lottery 彩票• my word is my bond formal used to

say that you will definitely do what you have promised

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maturemature

• someone, especially a child or young person, who is mature behaves in a sensible and reasonable way, as you would expect an adult to behave [≠ immature]

• fully grown and developed• physically/emotionally/sexually mature• on mature reflection/consideration formal

after thinking carefully and sensibly about something for a long time

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• We're mature enough to disagree on this issue but still respect each other.

• Mature apple trees are typically 20 feet tall.• a respectable gentleman of mature years.• If you want us to treat you as an adult, you

have to act maturely.• She has matured into a fine writer.

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carefreecarefree

• having no worries or problems ， responsibilities.• He thought back to the carefree days of his childhood.

free from anxiety

• a carefree attitude• Cf careless not paying enough attention to what you ar

e doing, so that you make mistakes, damage things etc [≠ careful]:

• It was careless of him to leave the door unlocked.

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• I was just living life up: I was enjoying life to my heart’s content.

Invincible: unconquerable, too strong to be destroyed or defeated

There is no army in the world that is invincible.

• an invincible belief, attitude etc is extremely strong and cannot be changed

• —invincibility noun [uncountable]

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Part 2Part 2• Para2 tells us how the writer had tried to get

in touch with David, his best friend, and how the writer finally got to know the fact that his friend was suffering from AIDS.

• Para 3 describes how the writer felt about his fatal disease, and how his friend’s illness and that he had to deal with it all on his own.

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• Para 4 describes how others respond to David’s disease, what attitude the writer adopted towards it and why others stayed away from both David and the writer.

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Part 2Part 2 1. Why did David hang up on the author,

who wanted to talk to him on the phone?

2. How did David catch AIDS?

3. What attitude did the writer adopt towards David?

4. How did the other people react to David?

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…so we didn’t hang out so much: so we did not spend a lot of time together as we had done before we get to high school.

hang out: (infml) spend a lot of time in a particular place

这个地区的警察知道那些小偷经常出没于那些地方。

The police in this district know where the thieves hang out.

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bother

(1) disturb or anger by minor irritations; annoy

Don’t bother me while I am working.

(2) take the trouble When she was ill, her husband even di

dn’t bother to see her.

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So I called him and he hang up on me:

so I phoned him, but put back the receiver because he did not want to talk to me.

So once again I blew it off:

so I failed to get him once more.

The word “it “ in “blew it off” has no exact meaning.

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I confronted him as to why...

I faced him bravely , challenging him why we were not friends any more.

1. come face to face with, esp. with defiance or hostility

2. come up against a jungle, you will confront danger at every turn.

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as to : with regard to; concerning We are puzzled as to how it happened. He is very uncertain as to whether it is t

he right job for him. break down: lose control of one’s feeling

sA sick joke: a cruel/offensive joke

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When I got home…make sense: …I began to understand things.

1. have an understandable meaning These words are jumbled up and don’t make se

nse. 2. be sensible, have or slow sense It doesn’t make sense to buy that very expensiv

e leather coat when these cheaper ones are just

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Then I felt so bad that we had grown so far apart: Then I felt very sorry that we had become so widely separated.

Then I felt very unwell that we had failed to understand each other as a result of a complete lack of exchange of feelings, thoughts, etc.

Then I felt very sorry that we had quite different opinions about AIDS/ that we had taken entirely different attitudes towards AIDS.

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David had had unprotected sex…: David had had sex with a girl once. As no

protective measures were taken, he contracted AIDS and had been suffering from it. Now he had to pay for it with his life, his life is being threatened as a result of his own irresponsible behavior.

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• I had to handle it all on my own.• I had to deal with it all alone, since my

parents could do nothing about it this time.• Handle:1. touch, lift, or hold with the hands• 2.operate with the hands, manipulate• 3.cope with, dispose of

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sooner or later: one day; eventually

You should tell her, because she ‘ll find it out sooner or later.

as if he had a plague: as though he was a carrier of a plague

Plague: an attack of disease causing death and spreading quickly to many people

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drops in population levels due to plagues and famines

Europe suffered many plagues in the Middle Ages.

a plague of rats/locusts etc an uncontrolled and harmful increase in the numbers of a particular animal or insect

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…our friends from school wanted nothing to do with him: …they did not want to have any connection with him.

all of a sudden: suddenly; unexpectedlyKeep up: move up or progress at the same

rate You are going too fast. Slow down; I ca

n’t keep up.

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I couldn’ t turn my back on him….: I could not avoid seeing or refuse to help him…

• 1. to refuse to help, support, or be involved with someone or something:

• How can you turn your back on your own mother?• In his twenties he turned his back on his Catholic f

aith.• 2. to turn so that your back is pointing towards so

meone or something, and you are not looking at them:

• Angrily, she turned her back on him.

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I stuck it out: Despite the fact that I might catch the disease and lose most of my friends, I showed a strong will, maintained close contact with David.

stick it out: continue with sth. to the end, despite difficulty

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In fear that: because of anxiety that ; in case of I dare not go there ~ he will see me. So how could I find fault with them? I would have

done the same thing if David and I had not been the best of friends.

blame: find fault with/ place responsibility for sth. I was blamed for being late.The government blamed the crisis on poor planning.

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Part 3Part 3

• 1. What did David say the writer one day in the hospital?

• 2. How did the writer take care of his friend David?

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. …he had full blown AIDS. …he suffered terribly from AIDS, which had spread all

over his body and tormented him very severely.

Go through sth. : experience, endure or suffer sth. She’s gone through a difficult time recently.

For one’s sake: in order to help or please sb. I’m doing it for your sake; I don’t care about it myself.

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I pushed all my emotions aside and was strong for him: I managed to conceal my emotions and tried to appear strong for his sake.

do sb. good: benefit sb. Exercise can do you a world of good.

He was bed-ridden: He was unable to get out of bed because he was suffering severely from AIDS.

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I still had to be…keep everything in: I still had to be the one with a strong will and restrain myself from revealing my emotions.

maintain: keep up or carry on; continue He maintains good relations with all his frien

ds.outlook: attitude A positive outlook on life is very important t

o success.

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…the hospital…catch our bad germs: The hospital stuff put David under a plastic tent so as to prevent him from being infected by disease-producing bacteria.

At night I would wonder if he would make it through: …I would doubt if he would be able to live through the night.

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Part 4Part 4

Q: How and where did David die?

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mark: indicate or denote sth. ;be a sign of Today’s ceremony marks 100 years of tr

ade between the two countries.

39. He went peacefully: this is a case of euphemism, Implying he died in peace.

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All the emotions …rushing out: All the emotions that I had controlled came bursting out.

hold in : restrain, control or check He is unable to hold himself in when he gets ex

tremely excited.

keep sth. alive: cause sth. to remain living Such local traditions are still kept alive in rural

areas.

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