unit 5: india hinduism. india today population: 1.25 billion people 80% hindu, 13% muslim, 2%...
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UNIT 5 : INDIA
Hinduism
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India Today
Population: 1.25 Billion People 80% Hindu, 13%
Muslim, 2% ChristianCapital: New DelhiGovernment: Federal
Republic
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Hinduism
Founder: There is no one founder
Age: Name comes in the 16th
century Differentiate from
Muslims 4,000 years of tradition
Atman Individual Soul
Brahman World Soul Contains all Atmans
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Concepts of Hinduism
Dharma One’s role you play or
position in life Set of rules that must be
followed to be promotedApplications
Different people have different rules
What’s right for one may not be right for another
Where you live, who you marry, job profession etc.
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Concepts of Hinduism
Karma: Person’s action in life
determine future state of their soul.
Bad Actions against Dharma
Newton’s LawEvery
Action has an Equal
and Opposite reaction
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Concepts of Hinduism
Reincarnation: Upon death, a person’s
soul moves into another living thing.
Moksha=Goal End of Death and
Rebirth Cycle Over come desire. Perfect understanding
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UNIT 5 : INDIA
Hinduism’s impact on Society
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Caste System
Main Castes: Brahmins- Priests Kshatriyas- Warriors Vaishyas-Peasants Sudra-servants Untouchables
More then 3,000 Sub Castes
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Caste System Today
Untouchables Outlawed in 1950 Gov’t jobs given to ex-
untouchablesCities
Lines beginning to blur Universal suffrage Globalization
Villages Still strong Change is slower
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UNIT 5 : INDIA
The Hindu Gods
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Hindu Gods
Brahma: First God Created the World Created all creatures
Least worshiped God Obsessed with
Shatarupa Punishment was not to
be worshiped.
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Hindu Gods
Vishnu Second God Preserver/Protector of
the Universe Appeared 9 times on
earth
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Hindu Gods
Shiva Third God Destroy the Universe
in order to rebuild
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Major Religious Practices
Holy Pilgrimages to Benares On Foot
Wash hands & Feet before Prayer
Bathe in Sacred rivers like Ganges
Person Cremated the same day that they die.
All life is sacred Especially cattle Most Hindus are
vegetarians
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UNIT 5 : EARLY INDIA INDIA
Buddhism
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History of Buddhism
Siddhartha Gautama Founder of Buddhism Buddha-Enlightened
OneSon of Royalty Life Changing
experience Saw an old man, sick
man, and a corpse Leaves wife and son to
search for Enlightenment
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4 Noble Truths
1. Life is Full of Pain and Suffering
2. Desires Cause this Pain
3. End desire and you end Suffering
4. The Eightfold Path is how you eliminate Desire
Nirvana- Release from Pain and Suffering
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Leading a Buddhist Life
4th Noble Truth – Follow the Eight Fold Path:Guide to behavior - Mastery over many life
timesFollow to achieve Nirvana:
perfect state of understanding release from selfishness and pain break from chain of reincarnations, rebirths
Buddhist BeliefsAccepts reincarnationRejects multiple deities & caste system of
Hinduism
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Eightfold Path
1. Right to View/Know2. High and Worth
intentions3. Kind and truthful
Speech4. Right to Conduct5. Right to livelihood6. Right Effort7. Right Mindfulness8. Right mediation
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Buddhism
Buddha Accepted idea of
reincarnation Rejected Hindu gods Rejected caste system
Most Buddhism in China, Japan, and Vietnam
6.4 million in India 376 million world wide
Sacred text The Triptaka
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Jainism
Mahavira Is believed to be the one who
gave Jainism its modern form Not necessarily the Founder
but the last in a great line of teachers.
Major Beliefs Since everything in Universe
has a soul - should not be harmed
Few followers b/c teach tolerance & shun forced conversion
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Sikhism
Punjab region of IndiaFounder attempted to
combine Hinduism with Islam
Monotheistic (Muslim) but with Hindu traditions