unit 6 flashcards cold war to present standards 20 - 25
TRANSCRIPT
Standard 20 Flashcards
1. Marshall Plan2. Truman Doctrine3. Containment Policy4. Impact of communist regime in China on the
Korean War5. Rise of Senator Joseph McCarthy6. Cuban Revolution7. Bay of Pigs Invasion8. Cuban Missile Crisis9. Vietnam War10. Tet Offensive (1968)11.Growing Opposition to the Vietnam War
#1
Marshall Plan
Standard 20
US commitment to help Western Europe rebuild after WWII• Part of the Containment Policy• Does not specifically mention “communism”
#2
Truman Doctrine
Standard 20
US commitment to prevent communism by providing financial and military aid to countries opposing communism
#3
Containment Policy
Standard 20
US policy to contain communism following WWII (Cold War foreign policy)
#4
Impact of the communist regime in China on the Korean
War
Standard 20China supports communist North Korea (fears US invasion of China)• Korean War ends in stalemate• Increases fear in America… containment had failed• McCarthyism
#5
Rise of Senator Joseph McCarthy
Standard 20
Played upon America’s fear of communism in the US• Leads to McCarthyism – unfounded accusations of communist activities in America
#6
Cuban Revolution
Standard 20
Cuban rebels overthrow government and become communist• Led by Fidel Castro
#7
Bay of Pigs Invasion
Standard 20
Failed US attempt to invade Cuba to overthrow Fidel Castro (Communism)• Occurs during JFK’s administration
#8
Cuban Missile Crisis
Standard 20
Soviet Union placed nuclear missiles in Cuba directed at the US• Soviets removed missiles, US removes missiles in Turkey and promises not to invade Cuba
#9
Vietnam War
Standard 20
US attempted to contain communism (domino theory/effect) in Vietnam• Not successful
#10
Tet Offensive (1968)
Standard 20
Turning point of Vietnam war• Occurred during Vietnamese New Year (Tet)• Surprise Attack• Turned US public opinion against the war effort
#11
Growing opposition to the Vietnam War
Standard 20
Opposition to the Vietnam War grows• Tet Offensive• Government cover-ups• Draft
Standard 21 Flashcards
1. Baby Boom2. Levittown3. Interstate Highway Act4. Impact of television on Presidential Debate of
19605. Impact of television on the Civil Rights
movement6. Development of the Personal Computer7. Expanded use of Air Conditioning and its
impact on American life8. Sputnik I
#12
Baby Boom
Standard 21
Soldiers returning from WWII leads to an increase in population during the 1950s• 1 baby born every 7 seconds
#13
Levittown
Standard 21
First major suburban area• Developed with help from Interstate Highway Act
#14
Interstate Highway Act
Standard 21
Created highway system in America• Ulterior motive – move missiles quickly in time of crisis
#15
Impact of television on Presidential debate of 1960
Standard 21
JFK v. Nixon• Radio listeners felt Nixon won, TV viewers felt Kennedy won• Establishes the importance of TV media (connects viewers to national affairs)
#16
Impact of television on the Civil Rights Movement
Standard 21
People from across the nation view the violence of the civil rights movement• Encourages more support
#17
Development of the Personal Computer
Standard 21
Allows more information to pass citizens• Entertainment• Computer-based industries
#18
Expanded use of Air Conditioning and its impact on
American life
Standard 21Made life more comfortable
Allowed more industries to move into warmer climates (brings more factories to the South)
#19
Sputnik I
Standard 21
1st man-made satellite into space• Made by Soviet Union• Led to fear in America…and the space race and arms race• Increase in the importance of education
Standard 22 Flashcards
1. President Truman’s order to integrate the US military and federal government
2. Jackie Robinson3. Brown v. Board of Education4. MLK Jr.’s Letter from a Birmingham Jail5. MLK Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” Speech6. Causes and Consequences of the Civil
Rights Act of 19647. Causes and Consequences of the Voting
Rights Act of 1965
#20
President Truman’s order to integrate the US military and
federal government
Standard 22
Truman issued an executive order to integrate the US military and federal government• 1st major step toward civil rights
#22
Brown v. Board of Education
Standard 22
Desegregated schools• Overturns Plessy v. Ferguson (separate but equal)• Segregation is unconstitutional
#23
MLK Jr.’s Letter from a Birmingham Jail
Standard 22
Encourages civil rights followers to maintain the course (nonviolence)• Sends the message that the movement will continue
#24
MLK Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” Speech
Standard 22
Unites the movement• Seeks equality for ALL• Helps rally public support for the passage of Civil Rights legislation
#25
Causes and Consequences of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Standard 22
Causes: Federal government needed to create a policy to enforce the 14th Amendment
Consequences: outlawed segregation; met resistance
#26
Causes and Consequences of the Voting Rights Act of
1965
Standard 22Causes: prohibits literacy test and poll; needed to enforce the 15th Amendment
Consequences: protected voting rights; met resistance
Standard 23 Flashcards
1. Warren Court2. Miranda Decision3. Impact of JFK’s Assassination4. Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society5. Medicare6. Social and Political Turmoil of 1968
#27
Warren Court
Standard 23
Expanded rights for individuals (liberal court)• Named after Chief Justice Earl Warren• Brown v. Board• Miranda v. Arizona
#29
Impact of JFK’s Assassination
Standard 23
Encouraged passage of civil rights legislation in honor of what JFK wanted to accomplish as president
#30
Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society
Standard 23
Johnson’s plan to improve society• Expands power of government• Medicare, Medicaid, Public Housing, Education, Civil Rights, etc.
#32
Social and Political Turmoil of 1968
Standard 23
Tet OffensiveAssassination of MLK Jr: riotingAssassination of RFKRiots at DNC: riots due to public’s changing views on politics; embarrassed Democratic Party
Standard 24 Flashcards
1. Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee2. Southern Christian Leadership Conference3. Civil Rights Tactics4. National Organization for Women5. Anti-Vietnam War Movement6. Cesar Chavez and the United Farm Workers’
Movement7. Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring8. Earth Day9. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)10.Rise of Conservative Movement
#33
Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee
Standard 24
College students organizing to promote civil rights• More assertive• Non-violent• Changed from black/white students to just black students
#34
Southern Christian Leadership Conference
Standard 24
Led by MLK, based out of Churches• Nonviolent• Marches• Members are mostly adults
#35
Civil Rights Tactics
Standard 24
Sit-ins: protestors sit peacefully
Freedom Rides: Riders travelled to the South to desegregate areas and promote civil rights
#36
National Organization of Women
Standard 24
NOW – organized to promote women’s rights
Bolstered by civil rights progress
#37
Anti-Vietnam War Movement
Standard 24
Hawks v. Doves
People turned against the war after the Tet Offensive
#38
Cesar Chavez and the United Farm Workers’ Movement
Standard 24
Chavez led protest (boycott) of grapes to earn better working conditions for migrant workers (Mexican-American farmers)
#39
Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring
Standard 24
Carson wrote Silent Spring to warn public against the use of pesticides• Beginning of Environmentalist movement
#41
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Standard 24
Government department created to help protect the environment
#42
Rise of Conservative Movement
Standard 24
Barry Goldwater: nominated for president; lost but represents rise in movementRichard Nixon: wins election in 1968; 1st in a string of conservative presidents
Standard 25 Flashcards1. President Nixon’s opening of China2. President Nixon’s resignation due to Watergate Scandal3. Presidency of Gerald Ford4. Roe v. Wade5. Bakke decision on Affirmative Action6. Camp David Accords7. President Carter’s response to the 1979 Iranian Revolution8. Iranian hostage crisis9. Reaganomics10. Iran-contra Scandal11. Collapse of the Soviet Union12. Relationship between Congress and President Bill Clinton13. North American Free Trade Agreement14. Clinton’s impeachment and acquittal15. Presidential Election of 200016. Response of President Bush to the attack of 9/1117. War Against Terrorism
#43
President Nixon’s opening of China
Standard 25
1st president to visit China since it became Communist• Helps separate China from the Soviet Union
#44
President Nixon’s resignation due to Watergate Scandal
Standard 25Nixon covered up break-in at Watergate Hotel
Resigned instead of facing impeachment
#47
Bakke decision on Affirmative Action
Standard 25
Affirmative Action: designed to prevent discrimination by setting up quota system• Bakke decision: reverse discrimination, unconstitutional
#48
Camp David Accords
Standard 25
Peace treaty between Israel and Egypt brokered by Carter (“Peace in the Middle East”)
#49
President Carter’s response to 1979 Iranian Revolution
Standard 25
The Shah of Iran (King) was overthrown and replaced by religious leader; Carter allowed to Shah to seek refuge in the US
#50
Iranian Hostage Crisis
Standard 25
Americans were held hostage in Iran for 444 days• Were not released until Reagan took Oath of Office
#51
Reaganomics
Standard 25
Reagan’s economic policy (trickle-down theory)• Budget cuts• Tax cuts• Increase defense spending
#52
Iran-Contra Scandal
Standard 25
Reagan’s administration sold weapons to Iran in exchange for hostages. Money was then given to contras in Nicaragua so that they could fight off communism
#53
Collapse of the Soviet Union
Standard 25
Occurred under Mikhail Gorbachev• Berlin wall is torn down• Soviet Union breaks up into 15 countries
#54
Relationship between Congress and President Bill
Clinton
Standard 25Clinton was Democrat and Congress was majority Republican
#55
North American Free Trade Agreement
Standard 25
NAFTA – free trade between the US, Canada, and Mexico
#56
Clinton’s impeachment and acquittal
Standard 25
Facing impeachment due to perjury• Impeached in the House• Acquitted in the Senate
#57
Presidential Election of 2000
Standard 25
Gore wins popular voteBush wins electoral vote = becomes President