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unit 7 – waves and sound...– say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 mhz note: these waves are...

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Unit 7 – Waves and Sound Lesson 1: Wave Basics

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Page 1: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Unit7–WavesandSound

Lesson1:WaveBasics

Page 2: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SuggestedReadings•  Forbackgroundonvibra<ons:PhysicsClassroom.com->Tutorial->

Waves->Lesson0(sec<onsaandbonly)

•  ForWaveBasics:PhysicsClassroom.com->Tutorial->Waves->Lesson1andLesson2

•  ForSoundBasics:PhysicsClassroom.com->Tutorial->SoundWavesandMusic->Lesson1(all)andLesson2(sec<onscanddonly)

•  HoltPhysicstextbook->Chapter11(Vibra<onsandWaves)->Sec<on3(pg.382–388)

•  HoltPhysicstextbook->Chapter12(Sound)->Sec<on1(pg.408–410only)

Page 3: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

WaveMo<on

•  Whatisawave?

•  Whataresomeexamplesofwavemo<on?

Page 4: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

WaveMo<on

•  Whatisawave? =>Repea%ngmo<oninspaceand<me!•  Whataresomeexamplesofwavemo<on?

Page 5: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

WavesForthepurposesofTHISunit,wewillonlybetalkingaboutwavestravelinginamedium.So,inotherwords,wavesthataremadebyjigglingthepar<clesofthemedium

Page 6: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

WavesKnockoveracupwithatransversewavepulse

Page 7: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

WavesWhatisthedefini<onofawavewithrela<ontoenergy?Howdothepar%clesmove?(Thinkabouttheslinky’srings)

Page 8: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

WavesWhatisthedefini<onofawavewithrela<ontoenergy?=>Awavetransportsenergy

Howdothepar%clesmove?(Thinkabouttheslinky’srings)

Page 9: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

WavesWhatisthedefini<onofawavewithrela<ontoenergy?=>Awavetransportsenergy

Howdothepar%clesmove?(Thinkabouttheslinky’srings)=>Theywiggleabouttemporarily,butareNOTdisplaced

Page 10: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

WavesWhatisthedefini<onofawavewithrela<ontoenergy?=>Awavetransportsenergy

Howdothepar%clesmove?(Thinkabouttheslinky’srings)=>Theywiggleabouttemporarily,butareNOTdisplaced

Sowavestransportenergy,NOTpar<cles!!

Page 11: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Waves

•  haps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MQuRlUVPuTM

•  hap://www.mnn.com/earth-maaers/climate-weather/stories/strange-snowball-waves-seen-forming-maine-lake

Page 12: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

WavesSohowdoesawavepropagate?

Page 13: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

WavesSohowdoesawavepropagate?=>Onepar<clemoves,whichbumpsintoor dragsalongthenextpar<cle,whichbumps intoordragsalongthenextpar<cle,allthe waydownthemedium

Page 14: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

WavesSohowdoesawavepropagate?=>Onepar<clemoves,whichbumpsintoor dragsalongthenextpar<cle,whichbumps intoordragsalongthenextpar<cle,allthe waydownthemedium

Inthisway,wavespropagatethroughamediumbyjiggling,butNOTdisplacing,thepar<cles!

Page 15: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

TypesofWaves

•  Fromthelab,whatarethetwotypesofwaves?(Let’smakethemagainwithSlinkys)

Page 16: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

TypesofWaves

Longitudinal(Compression)Wave:Par<clesofthemediummoveinadirec<onparalleltothedirec<onthewavemoves -PhysicsClassroom.com

TransverseWave:Par<clesofthemediummoveinadirec<onperpendiculartothedirec<onthewavemoves.

-PhysicsClassroom.com

Page 17: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SomeVocabSoawaveisrepea%ngbehavior.Let’sdefinethekeytermsthatcharacterizeatransversewave.First,awavecycleisthesec<onofthewavethatrepeats!

hap://www.studyphysics.ca/newnotes/20/unit03_mechanicalwaves/chp141516_waves/lesson43.htm

Page 18: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SomeVocabSoawaveisrepea%ngbehavior.Let’sdefinethekeytermsthatcharacterizeatransversewave.First,awavecycleisthesec<onofthewavethatrepeats!

hap://www.studyphysics.ca/newnotes/20/unit03_mechanicalwaves/chp141516_waves/lesson43.htm

Page 19: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SomeVocabSoawaveisrepea%ngbehavior.Let’sdefinethekeytermsthatcharacterizeatransversewave.First,awavecycleisthesec<onofthewavethatrepeats!

hap://www.studyphysics.ca/newnotes/20/unit03_mechanicalwaves/chp141516_waves/lesson43.htm

Page 20: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SomeVocabSoawaveisrepea%ngbehavior.Let’sdefinethekeytermsthatcharacterizeatransversewave.First,awavecycleisthesec<onofthewavethatrepeats!

hap://www.studyphysics.ca/newnotes/20/unit03_mechanicalwaves/chp141516_waves/lesson43.htm

Page 21: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SomeVocabCrest:Thehighestpoint(s)ofthewaveTrough:Thelowestpoint(s)ofthewaveRestPosi%on:Wherethepar<clesarewhenthereisnowavepassingthrough

RestPosi<on

hap://www.studyphysics.ca/newnotes/20/unit03_mechanicalwaves/chp141516_waves/lesson44.htm

Page 22: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Characteris<csofaWave

WhatistheAmplitudeofawave?

Howdidyoucontrolthisinyourlab?WhatisthevariableforAmplitude?WhatunitisAmplitudemeasuredin?

Page 23: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Characteris<csofaWave

WhatistheAmplitudeofawave?=>Thedistancefromtherestposi6ontothecrest

Howdidyoucontrolthisinyourlab?WhatisthevariableforAmplitude?WhatunitisAmplitudemeasuredin?

hap://www.uen.org/core/science/sciber/sciber8/stand-4/wavenrgy.shtml

Page 24: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Characteris<csofaWave

WhatistheAmplitudeofawave?=>Thedistancefromtherestposi6ontothecrest

Howdidyoucontrolthisinyourlab?WhatisthevariableforAmplitude?AWhatunitisAmplitudemeasuredin?meters

hap://www.uen.org/core/science/sciber/sciber8/stand-4/wavenrgy.shtml

Page 25: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Characteris<csofaWave

Whatisthewavelengthofawave?

Whatisthevariableforwavelength?

Whatistheunitforwavelength?

Page 26: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Characteris<csofaWave

Whatisthewavelengthofawave?=>Thedistancebetweenrepea6ngpoints

Whatisthevariableforwavelength?

Whatistheunitforwavelength? hap://www.studyphysics.ca/newnotes/20/

unit03_mechanicalwaves/chp141516_waves/lesson44.htm

Page 27: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Characteris<csofaWave

Whatisthewavelengthofawave?=>Thedistancebetweenrepea6ngpoints

Whatisthevariableforwavelength?=>TheGreekle=er“lambda,”λ

Whatistheunitforwavelength?=>meters hap://www.studyphysics.ca/newnotes/20/

unit03_mechanicalwaves/chp141516_waves/lesson44.htm

Page 28: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

(1cycle)

hap://dev.physicslab.org/Document.aspx?doctype=3&filename=WavesSound_Introduc<onWaves.xml

Page 29: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Characteris<csofaWaveWhatisthedefini<onofperiodofawave?Howdidyoucontrolthisinyourlab?Whatisthevariableforperiod? Whatistheunitforperiod?

Page 30: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Characteris<csofaWaveWhatisthedefini<onofperiodofawave?=>Theamountof6meittakesforonecycletooccur

Howdidyoucontrolthisinyourlab?Whatisthevariableforperiod? Whatistheunitforperiod?

Page 31: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Characteris<csofaWaveWhatisthedefini<onofperiodofawave?=>Theamountof6meittakesforonecycletooccur

Howdidyoucontrolthisinyourlab?Whatisthevariableforperiod? TWhatistheunitforperiod?seconds

Page 32: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Characteris<csofaWaveWhatisthedefini<onofperiodofawave?=>Theamountof6meittakesforonecycletooccur

Howdidyoucontrolthisinyourlab?Whatisthevariableforperiod? TWhatistheunitforperiod?seconds

T =seconds

cycle

Page 33: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Characteris<csofaWaveWhatisthedefini<onoffrequencyofawave?

Whatisthevariableforfrequency?Whatistheunitforfrequency?

Page 34: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Characteris<csofaWaveWhatisthedefini<onoffrequencyofawave?=>Thenumberofcyclesthatoccurin1second

Whatisthevariableforfrequency?Whatistheunitforfrequency?

Page 35: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Characteris<csofaWaveWhatisthedefini<onoffrequencyofawave?=>Thenumberofcyclesthatoccurin1second

Whatisthevariableforfrequency?Whatistheunitforfrequency?1/sec=Hertz(Hz)

f

Page 36: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Characteris<csofaWaveWhatisthedefini<onoffrequencyofawave?=>Thenumberofcyclesthatoccurin1second

Whatisthevariableforfrequency?Whatistheunitforfrequency?1/sec=Hertz(Hz)

f

f =cycles

second

Page 37: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Characteris<csofaWaveHowisthefrequencyrelatedtotheperiod?

Page 38: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Characteris<csofaWaveHowisthefrequencyrelatedtotheperiod?=>Theyarejustinversesofeachother!

T =1

ff =

1

Tó

Page 39: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Characteris<csofaWaveHowisthefrequencyrelatedtotheperiod?=>Theyarejustinversesofeachother!

Soalargeperiod(long<meforonecycletooccur)meansalowfrequency(becausehavefewcyclesoccurringin1second)

T =1

ff =

1

Tó

Page 40: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Characteris<csofaWaveHowisthefrequencyrelatedtotheperiod?=>Theyarejustinversesofeachother!

Soasmallperiod(short<meforonecycletooccur)meansahighfrequency(becausehavemanycyclesoccurringin1second)

T =1

ff =

1

Tó

Page 41: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Radio!

•  AMradiowaves=amplitudemodula6on•  FMradiowaves=frequencymodula6on– Sayyoursta<onis101.7=>101.7MHz

NOTE:Thesewavesareelectromagne+c,whichdonotrequireamediumtotravelthrough.Theyareadifferenttopic.ButIthoughtthiswasrelatedinsomewaystothisunit,andalsointeres<ng.

Page 42: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

PeriodvsFrequencyIfaspringoscillatesupanddown8<mesin2seconds,whatistheperiod?Follow-up:Whatisthefrequency?

Page 43: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

PeriodvsFrequencyIfaspringoscillatesupanddown8<mesin2seconds,whatistheperiod? 0.25seconds

Follow-up:Whatisthefrequency? 4Hz

Page 44: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

PeriodvsFrequencyIfapendulumoscillatesbackandforth4<mesin12seconds,whatisthefrequency?Follow-up:Whatistheperiod?

Page 45: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

PeriodvsFrequencyIfapendulumoscillatesbackandforth4<mesin12seconds,whatisthefrequency? 0.33Hz

Follow-up:Whatistheperiod? 3seconds

Page 46: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SpeedofaWaveWhatistheequa<onthatdescribesthespeedofawave?(Thinkaboutourslinkyagain)

Firstofall–whatdowemeanbywavespeed?

Page 47: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SpeedofaWaveWhatistheequa<onthatdescribesthespeedofawave?(Thinkaboutourslinkyagain)

Firstofall–whatdowemeanbywavespeed?=>Howfastagivenpoint(like,say,acrest) travelsthoughthemedium=>Inotherwords,howfastenergypropagates!

Page 48: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SpeedofaWaveWhatistheequa<onthatdescribesthespeedofawave?(Thinkaboutourslinkyagain)

Firstofall–whatdowemeanbywavespeed?=>Howfastagivenpoint(like,say,acrest) travelsthoughthemedium=>Inotherwords,howfastenergypropagates!

ThisisNOThowfasttheindividualpar<clesmove!!

Page 49: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SpeedofaWaveThewaveequa<on: v = �f

Page 50: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SpeedofaWaveThewaveequa<on: v = �fWavespeed(inm/s)

Wavelength(inm)

Frequency(inHz)

Page 51: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SpeedofaWaveThewaveequa<on: v = �f

=�

T

Canalsowritetheequa<onintermsofwaveperiod

Page 52: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SpeedofaWaveThewaveequa<on: v = �fNo<cethattheunitscheckout!

Page 53: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SpeedofaWaveThewaveequa<on: v = �fAlsono<cethatwavespeeddoesNOTdependonamplitude!

Page 54: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SpeedofaWaveThewaveequa<on: v = �fAlsono<cethatwavespeeddoesNOTdependonamplitude!Abiggeramplitudemeansthepar6cleshavetomovefaster,NOTtheoverallwave

Page 55: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SpeedofaWaveWavesintheoceanmeasureabout5mapart,andabout1.5mtall.Theycrashontheshoreonceevery2.5seconds.Whatistheapproximatespeedoftheseoceanwaves?A.  0.6m/sB.  2m/sC.  2.6m/sD.  3.75m/sE.  12.5m/s

5m1.5m

Page 56: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SpeedofaWaveWavesintheoceanmeasureabout5mapart,andabout1.5mtall.Theycrashontheshoreonceevery2.5seconds.Whatistheapproximatespeedoftheseoceanwaves?A.  0.6m/sB.  2m/sC.  2.6m/sD.  3.75m/sE.  12.5m/s

5m1.5m

Page 57: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SpeedofaWaveAsoundwavewithawavelength0.725m,aperiodof5×10-4s,andafrequencyof2,000Hztravelingthroughwatercango4.35kmin3seconds.Whatisthespeedofthesoundwave?A.  3.625×10-4m/sB.  1.45m/sC.  0.24m/sD.  8700m/sE.  1450m/s

Page 58: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SpeedofaWaveAsoundwavewithawavelength0.725m,aperiodof5×10-4s,andafrequencyof2,000Hztravelingthroughwatercango4.35kmin3seconds.Whatisthespeedofthesoundwave?A.  3.625×10-4m/sB.  1.45m/sC.  0.24m/sD.  8700m/sE.  1450m/s

Page 59: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

WaveSpeed

Fact:Howfastawavetravelsthroughamedium(soitswavespeed)dependsontheproper6esofthemediumThewavelengthandfrequencycanthenbevaried

Page 60: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

WaveSpeed

No<cethatforagivenwavespeed,ashorterwavelengthmeansahigherfrequency(andshorterperiod)=>Becauseashorterwavemeansyoucanfit morewavecyclesinasecond,soonecycle doesn’ttakeverylongtooccur

v = �f

Page 61: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

WaveSpeed

No<cethatforagivenwavespeed,alongerwavelengthmeansalowerfrequency(andlongerperiod)=>Becausealongerwavemeansyoucanfit lesswavecyclesinasecond,soonecycle takeslongertooccur

v = �f

Page 62: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

WaveSpeed

Howdoesspeeddependonastretchedstring(orSlinky)?1)Density:

2)Tension:

Page 63: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

WaveSpeed

Howdoesspeeddependonastretchedstring(orSlinky)?1)Density:Themoredenseamaterial,the slowerawavewilltravel2)Tension:

Page 64: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

WaveSpeed

Howdoesspeeddependonastretchedstring(orSlinky)?1)Density:Themoredenseamaterial,the slowerawavewilltravel2)Tension:Themoretenseamaterial,the fasterawavewilltravel

Page 65: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

WaveSpeed

Howdoesspeeddependonastretchedstring(orSlinky)?1)Density:Themoredenseamaterial,the slowerawavewilltravel2)Tension:Themoretenseamaterial,the fasterawavewilltravel

TelephoneDemo!

Page 66: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

WaveSpeed

Howdoesspeeddependonastretchedstring(orSlinky)?1)Density:Definenewvariable:μ=massdensityofthestring(somass/length, =m/L)2)Tension:ThisisjustFTofthestring

Page 67: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

WaveSpeed

Howdoesspeeddependonastretchedstring(orSlinky)?1)Density:Definenewvariable:μ=massdensityofthestring(somass/length, =m/L)2)Tension:ThisisjustFTofthestring

v =

sFT

µ

Page 68: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

WaveSpeed

(Asitturnsout,soundwavestravelfasterthemoredenseamaterialis…)

Page 69: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

LongitudinalWavesAlsocalledacompressionorpressurewaveSamebasicphysicsastransversewaves!

Compression Rarefac%onhap://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/waves/wavemo<on.html

Page 70: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

hap://www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/sound/u11l1c.html

Page 71: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

hap://dev.physicslab.org/Document.aspx?doctype=3&filename=WavesSound_Introduc<onWaves.xml

Page 72: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Anima<onsofTypesofWaves•  hap://einstein.byu.edu/~masong/HTMstuff/WaveTrans.html

•  hap://www.gmi.edu/~drussell/Demos/waves/wavemo<on.html

•  haps://phet.colorado.edu/en/simula<on/wave-on-a-string

Page 73: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SoundWavesWhattypeofwaveisasoundwave?Whatisthesourceofanysoundwave?Whatistheprocessbywhichweconvertsoundwavesintoperceivedaudiblesound?

Page 74: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SoundWavesWhattypeofwaveisasoundwave?=>Longitudinalwave!

Whatisthesourceofanysoundwave?(Demo:splashtuningforksinwater)

Whatistheprocessbywhichweconvertsoundwavesintoperceivedaudiblesound?

Page 75: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

HumanEar

haps://medlineplus.gov/magazine/issues/fall08/ar<cles/fall08pg12a.html

Page 76: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SoundWavesWhatcharacteris<cofasoundwavedeterminesthepitchornoteofasound?

Whatistherangeofhumanhearing?About_____to______________

Whatcharacteris<cofasoundwavechangesifthereisaloudersoundheard?

Page 77: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SoundWavesWhatcharacteris<cofasoundwavedeterminesthepitchornoteofasound?=>Thefrequency

Whatistherangeofhumanhearing?About_____to______________

Whatcharacteris<cofasoundwavechangesifthereisaloudersoundheard?

Page 78: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SoundWavesWhatcharacteris<cofasoundwavedeterminesthepitchornoteofasound?=>Thefrequency

Whatistherangeofhumanhearing?About20Hzto20,000(20kHz)__

Whatcharacteris<cofasoundwavechangesifthereisaloudersoundheard?

Page 79: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SoundWavesWhatcharacteris<cofasoundwavedeterminesthepitchornoteofasound?=>Thefrequency

Whatistherangeofhumanhearing?About20Hzto20,000(20kHz)__

Whatcharacteris<cofasoundwavechangesifthereisaloudersoundheard?=>Theamplitude

Page 80: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Demonstra<onAsImakethesoundslouder,Iamincreasingthesound’samplitudeWhatfrequenciescanyouhear?

Page 81: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SoundWavesDoesasoundwaverequireamediumthroughwhichtotravel?

Howfastdosoundwavestravelthroughair?(assumeroomtemp,andatsea-level)m/s=mph

Page 82: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SoundWavesDoesasoundwaverequireamediumthroughwhichtotravel?=>Yes!!

Howfastdosoundwavestravelthroughair?(assumeroomtemp,andatsea-level)m/s=mph

Page 83: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SoundWavesDoesasoundwaverequireamediumthroughwhichtotravel?=>Yes!!

Howfastdosoundwavestravelthroughair?(assumeroomtemp,andatsea-level)343m/s=767mph

Page 84: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

Demonstra<onBellinvacuumjar

Page 85: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SoundWaves

Let’sseewhatreal,complicatedsoundwaveslooklike*Oatmealcandemonstra<on

Page 86: Unit 7 – Waves and Sound...– Say your staon is 101.7 => 101.7 MHz NOTE: These waves are electromagne+c, which do not require a medium to travel through. They are a different

SoundWavesLet’stalkabout:*Mach1,Mach2,etc.*Sonicbooms*SingingSandDunes

haps://www.youtube.com/watch?t=62&v=EzbGQXUL9vg

*HissofBigBanghaps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gJJmFnMea1Q

*EarthSonghaps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MkTL2Ug6llE

*SoundofSaturn’sRingshaps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=38pJhxCzR-I


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