UNIT 7- INJURY MANAGEMENT

HIPS

HIPS

Specific injury assessment to evaluate the extent of musculoskeletal injuries

Performed in an ordered sequence to assess the nature, site and severity of an injury

By following a consistent pattern, you are less likely to forget a procedure

HIPS History Inspection Palpation Special Test

PPE /BSI

Before you start the injury assessment you must take precautions to prevent disease transmission Avoid contact with body fluids Wear Gloves Cover cuts Wear protective coverings Use breathing devices Wash hands after treatment Remove athlete from activity if bleeding and blood on

uniform Use a solution of bleach and water or hydogen peroxide to

get blood off uniform

History

One of most important steps

Collecting as much information as possible

Ask athlete questionsAsk bystanders

questionsProvide clues in

determining structures that are injured

Where does it hurt?What happened?How did it happen?How long has it hurt?Does the joint give

away?Does the joint lock?Did you hear or feel a

pop, crack, snap…?

Inspection

This step is purely observational

Always compare bilaterally

Note if holding body part

Note holding body part

Note functional abilities Limping? Grimacing?

Look for Bleeding Deformity Swelling Discoloration Any sign of injury

Palpation

Palpation means to feel or touch

Increase palpation pressure as tolerated

Begin away from injury site

Visualize structures as examine

Compare bilaterally

Palpate Bones Muscles Soft tissue

Ligaments Tendons

Special Tests

There are five areas of special tests Range of Motion Stress Tests Neurological Circulatory Functional

Special Tests

Range of Motion Assess in proper

sequence- Active-Passive-Resistive

Compare bilaterally

Active Movement is performed

solely by athlete

Passive Movement is performed

completely by the examiner

Resistive Athlete is asked to

perform movement while the examiner provides resistance

Note any restriction or limitation

Used to determine status of muscle/muscle group

Findings: Weak and Painless

Possible 3rd degree strain Weak and Painful

Possible fracture at joint site

Strong and Painful Possible tear of

muscle/tendon Strong and Pain free

No muscle injury

Special Tests

Stress Tests Designed for almost

every body region Used to determine:

Ligament stability Muscle imbalance Muscle tightness Joint function Integrity of structures

Neurological Exam Determine sensory

function Run fingers over area

of skin on affected and unaffected area

Apply sharp and dull points to affected and unaffected area Does it feel the same

on both sides?

Special Tests

Circulatory Check pulse distal to

injury When appropriate take

pulse, blood pressure and nail bed perfusion

Functional Tests Determine if athlete

can return to sport participation

Done only if no findings were found during special tests

Evaluate motor control and proprioception Walk, jog, run in

straight line, figure 8 and zig-zag

Squat Throw Stand on one leg

Make a Decision

After completing a HIPS evaluation, a decision of action can be made dependant on: Extent of injury Type of care needed

Plan of action Return to play, re-valuate for follow-through treatment Can not return to play, ice and re-evaluate Call 911 Physical referral