unit 7 injury management objective 3: recognize abdominal injuries, bleeding, and shock objective 5:...
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Unit 7Injury Management
Objective 3: Recognize abdominal injuries, bleeding, and shock
Objective 5: Describe the treatment for medical conditions
Objective 6: Recognize and provide treatment for environmental conditions
Soft Tissue Injury Treatment
• Clean area with soap and water
• Apply antibiotic cream
• Apply sterile bandage
• Watch for infection
BLEEDING• Arterial Bleeding
• Bright red and spurts• Hard to stop and life-threatening
• Venous Bleeding• Dark red and steady flow• Easier to control
• Capillary Bleeding• Slow and steady• Greater chance of infection
• 10% loss of blood volume may be critical
Controlling External Bleeding
• Apply direct pressure with sterile dressing
• Cover with a roller
bandage• Bleeding does
not stop• Additional dressing
• Minimize shock
• Call 911
Internal Bleeding• What do you do?• CALL 911
Immediately!!• DO not give
anything to eat or drink
• Life threatening - Death will be the outcome without QUICK advanced medical care!
Internal Bleeding Signs and Symptoms
• Tender, swollen, hard areas
• Rapid, weak pulse
• Skin cool, pale, moist
• Vomit blood
• Excessive thirst
• Confusion
• LOC
SHOCK• Life-threatening condition when there is
not enough blood being delivered to vital organs
• SIGNALS: • Restless or altered level of
consciousness• Rapid breathing or pulse• Pale, ashen, cool, moist skin• Thirsty
Treatment for SHOCK
• Call 911 and monitor ABC’s and vital signs, treat conditions
• Elevate legs 12 inches• Keep person comfortable• DO NOT give person anything to
eat or drink
Abdominal Injuries
• Ruptured Spleen
• Located ULQ
• Caused by blow to abdomen
• S/S = rigid abdomen, nausea, vomiting and possible signs of shock
• Khers sign
• Left shoulder and arm pain
• Can cause profuse hemorrhaging and death
Abdominal Injuries
• Appendicitis• Located RLQ
• Caused by bacterial infection from an obstruction
• Mild to severe cramping, nausea, vomiting and low fever, RLQ pain
• Surgery required
Abdominal Injuries • HERNIA• Protrusion of
abdominal viscera through abdominal wall
• Common in groin- inguinal hernia
• Superficial protrusion may be observed, pain is increased by sudden movements, coughing or sneezing
• Surgery required
SPLINTING• Only if the person must be moved• In the position you find it• Joints above and below must be immobile
- SNUG• Check circulation before and after
(warmth, color)• Only if you can do without causing more
pain
Head, Neck and Back Injuries
• Biggest Concern?• Paralysis if moved
• Signal of One?• Change in conscious• Numbness or tingling or loss of
movement• Complain pain or point tenderness on
cervical spine
• Care for?• MINIMIZE MOVEMENT• Provide in-line stabilization
What if athlete is wearing a helmet?• Do not remove• IF need to gain access to airway use
appropriate equipment to minimize movement of spine
Care for Medical Conditions
• Seizure• Protect from
injury• Do not put
anything in mouth
• Do not hold down
• Faints• Lay down &
elevate legs
Care for Medical Conditions• Diabetic (Too
much or little sugar in person’s blood)• Give sugar if
conscious
• Asthma• Help administer
inhaler
Heat Illnesses
• Normally progress in severity• Heat cramps• Heat
exhaustion• Heat Stroke
• Caused by combination of strenuous activity and hot/humid weather
• Fluid imbalances
Heat Cramps• Result from fluid
volume problem• Can be prevented
by drinking water before and throughout activity
• Stretch the affected muscle slowley
Heat Illnesses
• Heat exhaustion• Profuse
sweating
• Pale skin
• Nausea
• Dizzy
• Headache
• Altered LOC
• Heat stroke• Red, flushed dry
skin, irritable, aggressive
• Headache
• Dizzy, weak
• Sweat mechanism shut off
• Most serious heat condition- call 911
Treatment of Heat Illnesses• Move victim to cool place
• Give cool water - small amounts if conscious
• Immerse in cold water or use ice towels
• Fan, sponge off
• Loosen clothing
• Victim not improve or won’t drink= call 911
Cold-Related Illnesses
• Frostbite• Lack of feeling• Skin appears
white & waxy• Skin cold to
touch
• Hypothermia• Shivering• Numbness• Glassy Stare• Decrease LOC• Weakness• Impaired
Judgement