Unit 9 Sample collecting

What are they doing? Have you done this kind of test? Why?

The nurse is drawing blood for the patient.

How much do you know about sample collecting?

Collecting the blood1

Collecting the urine2

Collecting the stool3

Could you understand the testing report?

Look at the name or shorthand for the term

1

Look at the value of the testing result2

Look at the reference value3

Compare the two values

4

What kind of people need these tests? Do you think these tests are very

necessary? Why?

What could you do if you were the nurse?

Can you translate the words into English?

血常规

尿常规

大便常规

blood routine

urine routine

stool routine

Can you translate the words into English?

生化分析仪血球计数器超静工作台样品处理显微镜注射器容器

biochemical analyzerhematocyte counterbechtopsample handlemicroscope injectorcontainer

Do you know their meanings?

WBCRBCHGBHCTPLTLYMPHMCV

白细胞红细胞血红蛋白红细胞压积血小板淋巴细胞绝对值平均红细胞体积

Do you know their meanings?

SGPHLEUNITPROGLUKETUGB

尿比重尿酸碱度尿白细胞脂酶尿亚硝酸盐尿蛋白尿葡萄糖尿酮体尿胆原

Sample collecting

Passage

As one of its natural living functions, the human body regularly gets rid of various

waste materials.

get rid of 去掉，除掉 You can get rid of the old newspaper.

你可以扔掉那些旧报纸。

Most of the body’s waste materials are discharged in the urine and

feces. discharge vt. 1. 放出，冒出 The factory discharged lots of waste

water. 该工厂排出大量废水。 2. 释放，出院 Tom will be discharged the day after

tomorrow. 汤姆后天出院了。

The body also gets rid of wastes in the material coughed up and spat out of the mouth.

cough up 1. 咳出 Ann coughed up some blood on the hanky. Ann 在手帕上咳出一些血。 2. 勉强说出 He coughed up what he was doing after

being asked for many times. 被多次追问后他勉强说出自己正在干什么。

This material is called sputum.

sputum n. 痰，唾液

These waste materials, when tested in the laboratory, often show changes in the sick person’s body.

test

vt. 测试，检测 The purpose of the exam is to test the

language ability of the students.

n. 考试，测验，测试 When is the result of the test reported?

By examining the results of laboratory tests, doctors get information that can help them make

their diagnosis and decide on appropriate treatment for the patient.

diagnosis n. 诊断diagnose v. 诊断diagnostic adj. 诊断的diagnostic routine 诊断程序diagnostic dose 诊断剂量

Sputum is a substance collected from a patient’s lungs that contains saliva, and

sometimes pus or blood.

substance n. 物质，实质 Salt is a substance we use in cooking.substantial adj. 坚固的，实质的

It is thicker than ordinary saliva (spit).

ordinary adj. 普通的 extraordinary adj. 不寻常的 Ordinary people can do extraordinary things. 寻常人能做不寻常之事。

Most of it is coughed up from the lungs and bronchial tubes.

bronchial adj. 支气管的 bronchial tube 支气管 bronchus n. 支气管 bronchi (pl) bronchitis n. 支气管炎 broncho- 前缀，表示气管的意思

Sputum specimens are studied to determine if a patient has pneumonia or tuberculosis.

determine v. 决定 determine on sth. 决定 They haven’t determined the time of the

meeting. determined adj. 坚定的，决定了的 The determined time cannot be changed.

Usually, early morning is the best time to

obtain this specimen.

specimen n. 样本，范例 specimen bottle 样本瓶 specimen copy 样本

The doctor sometimes orders a stool specimen to help in diagnosis of a patient’s

illness, for example, if he thinks blood or parasites may be present in the patient’s

stool . present n. 礼物 I bought her a book as a birthday present. present adj. 出席的，存在的，含有 Small amounts of the gas are present in the

atmosphere. 大气中含有少量这种气体。 present v. 提出，呈递 John will present his plan to the meeting tomorrow.

Sometimes a warm specimen is ordered. order 1. n. & v. 命令 , 要求 All the students should finish the work according to the

teacher’s order. His boss ordered him to type it again. 2. n. 定单，订购 He received an order from a large company yesterday. 3. v. 订购 He ordered some flowers for his wife on their wedding

anniversary.

This means that the specimen must be tested in the laboratory while the specimen

is still warm from the patient’s body.

译文为：“这就是说 ,当粪便刚从病人体内排出，在还是热的时候就要马上送到实验室检验。”

为了语言的通顺，翻译有时要加上或减去一些字。

These are also frequently used to help doctors diagnose illness. For example, too much glucose in

the urine can be an indication of diabetes.

indication n. 迹象 There is every indication of a change in the

weather.

各种迹象表明天气很可能发生变化。 There is a clear indication that they were in

cooperation crisis.

有明显迹象表明他们合作出现了危机。

Urine testing is also the basis of most pregnancy tests.

basis

1. n. 基础，依据 bases (pl) ，指比较抽象的基础 The basis of their friendship is a common interest

in sports.

2. n. 主要成分，最重要的部分 The basis of the drink is orange juice. basic adj. 基础的，重要的 basic education 基础教育

Read the passage and decide whether the sentences are true (T) or false (F).

1.Getting rid of various waste materials is one of the human body’s natural living functions.

2. Human body’s waste materials only include urine and feces.

3. By examining the patient’s body waste, the doctor can decide on appropriate treatment for the patient.

T

F

F

Task

Read the passage and decide whether the sentences are true (T) or false (F).

4. Sputum is quite different from ordinary saliva.

5. Sometimes the stool must be tested immediately after it is taken from the patient’s body.

T

T

Task

Fill in blanks with the words given below. Change the form if necessary.

Doctors often collect patient’s urine, sputum and 1) ______to help them make diagnosis and decide on appropriate

2) _________because these waste materials from the patient’s body can show 3) _________in the sick person’s body. If a patient coughs for a long time, the doctor will ask for a 4) ________test to see whether he has got pneumonia or not. Sometimes the specimen must be tested in the laboratory while it is still 5) _______ from the patient’s body.

stool

treatmentchanges

sputum

warm

Task

Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese.

1. This is the last diagnosis____________________. （这是医生做出的最后诊断） .

2. By ________________________ （通过每天锻炼） , the patient got recovered quickly.

3. ______________________ （朗读是最好的办法） to study English.

4. _____________________________________ （这意味着手术必须进行） at once.

5. ________________ （有人会告诉你） when to come and get the result.

made by the doctor

doing exercises every day

Reading is the best way

This means that the operation should be done

You will be told

Task

Summarize the passage by completing the chart.

Human body’s waste materials

urine 1)_______________ feces

used in patients with lung diseases 2)____________________

sputum

used in patients whose stool include blood or parasites

Task

Unit I

Unit

Thank You!