unit four lesson 10 monitoring blood glucose. objectives at the end of the lesson, participants...
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UNIT FOUR LESSON 10Monitoring Blood Glucose
ObjectivesAt the end of the lesson, participants should be able to:
1. State the benefits of blood glucose monitoring2. Identify recommended blood glucose ranges for
different periods of the day3. Identify causes for high and low blood glucose4. Choose to monitor their blood glucose daily5. Continue to set or revise goals that relate to
managing their diabetes6. Describe feelings and experiences of living with
diabetes7. Identify ways to modify everyday recipes to fit into the
diabetes meal plan
L-esson
Monitoring Blood GlucoseLets you know your blood glucose level at the time of
testing
Monitoring is especially important if you:Take insulinNotice blood glucose is very low or very highHave difficulty managing your blood glucose
Benefits of MonitoringBlood Glucose
• Tells your blood glucose at the time of testing
• Shows if your blood glucose level is high, low, or within target range
• Helps you make appropriate changes in your daily habits
• Helps your doctor or health care team make changesto your treatment plan
When Should You Monitor?Before meals or after a big snack
When Should You Monitor? One to two hours after
breakfast, lunch, and dinner (or an especially big snack)
When Should You Monitor?Before you go to bed
Monitor More Often When: You are sick You are stressed
Monitor More Often When:You are taking a new medication that affects your blood
glucose
Monitor More Often When:You change your physical activity pattern
Monitor More Often When:You change the amount of carbohydrates containing
foods you eat each day
Monitor More Often When:Blood glucose level is consistently outside the range
set by your doctor
Monitor More Often When:You have symptoms of high blood glucose
Monitor More Often When:You have symptoms of low blood glucose:
Palpitations
Rapid heart rate
Nervousness
Sweating
Monitor More Often When: You have symptoms of low blood
glucose:
HungerHeadacheSudden moodiness or
behavior changeDifficulty paying
attention
How to Treat HypoglycemiaTake a blood glucose reading
How to Treat HypoglycemiaTake:
3 to 4 glucose tablets½ cup of juice or regular soda (not diet)2 tablespoons raisins1 cup milk5 to 6 pieces of hard candy1 tablespoon of sugar or honey
How to Treat HypoglycemiaAfter 15 minutes, check your blood glucose again
If it’s still too low, have another serving
Repeat these steps until your blood glucose level is 70 mg/dL or higher
If it will be an hour or more before your next meal, have a snack as well
Important!If the signs of hypoglycemia do not improve after eating
a snack or you are not able to take anything by mouth, contact an emergency number such as 911
Blood Glucose GoalsTime Goal
Before you eat 70 to 130 mg/dL
2 hours after eating
Less than 180 mg/dL
Bedtime 110 to 150 mg/dL
What Is Needed to Monitor Blood Glucose
Blood glucose meter or monitor
Lancing device (tool used to get a drop of blood)
Alcohol pads
Soap and water to wash hands before testing
How to MonitorBlood Glucose Levels
Wash and dry your hands
Insert the test strip into the meter
Prick yourself with a sterile lancet to get a dropof blood
Squeeze finger until the drop of blood forms(the amount of blood that is needed varies depending on the type of meter)
How to MonitorBlood Glucose Levels
Place the drop of blood on the test strip
Place the strip in the meter and wait for your blood glucose number to appear.
Record the number (test result) in your diabetes record book. Also include: date, time, medication and dosage, what you ate, and exercise. Make a note about anything that was out of the ordinary.
Dispose of the lancet and strip in a safe place.
How to RecordBlood Glucose Results
Keep track of your blood glucose levels in a journal
Write down the blood glucose value each time you check
Take note of everything that changed your blood glucose, such as eating too much or being sick
How to RecordBlood Glucose Results
Use the results to make changes in your diet and physical activity as needed
Take your record to every health appointment
Ask your doctor or health care team what you should do if your numbers are higher or lower than your goal level
Changes inBlood Glucose Levels
Causes of HIGH levels
Eating more than usual
Exercising less than usual
Taking certain medicines
Not taking your diabetes medication
Sickness
Stress
Eating foods high in glucose (sugar)
Causes of LOW levels
Eating less than usual or delaying or skipping a meal
Exercising more than usual
Taking more insulin than needed
Taking too much medication
Drinking alcohol
E-mpowermentDiabetes Education Series: Monitoring Blood Glucose
Diabetes Education SeriesDescribe your experiences with monitoring blood
glucose.
What was most difficult for you?
What are ways that you could overcome some of these difficulties?
A-ctionDid you accomplish the goal you set last week?
Set a goal related to monitoring blood glucose
R-eal-Life Problem SolvingAnnabelle’s Story
Annabelle’s Story
Questions aboutAnnabelle’s Story
What is Annabelle’s problem?
What can Annabelle do if her doctor tells her that her problem is not severe hypoglycemia ?
What other information would you pass on to Annabelle about checking her blood glucose number?
Questions aboutAnnabelle’s Story
Please find the Real-Life Problem Solving handout for this lesson in your folder
These questions will help with your understanding of Annabelle’s story
N-utritionMenu:
Two-Cheese PizzaSpinach Dip with Vegetables
See you next week!Topic for the next week:Foot Care
You are in control;work at reaching your goal.
Date:
References:
Margaret E. Cook-Newell, Ph.D., R.D., L.D., CDE Irene Hong-McAtee, MD, MCR
Adrienne Glodt, B.S., Graduate Student Laura Hieronymus, MSEd, APRN, BC-ADM, CDE Cheryl Case, M.S., Harrison County Ann Hollon, M.A., Wolfe County
Hazel Forsythe, Ph.D., R.D., L.D., CFCS Stephen D. Perry, M.S., R.D., L.D. Pam Sigler, M.S. Lynn Blankenship, M.S., Metcalfe County Theresa Scott, M.A., Floyd County Tamara Thomas, M.S., Franklin County
Rusty Manseau, B.A., Graphic Artist
Author: Ingrid Adams, Ph.D., Assistant Professor , Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kentucky
Other Contributors