Unit FourUnit Four A MA Maan From Stratfordn From Stratford——

William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare

William Shakespeare

William Shakespeare• a great English playwright, dramatist and poet • lived late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries• born in 1564• Father: John: Stratford businessman; glove maker ;

a well known and respected man in the town; held several important local governmental positions.

• Mother :Mary Arden; daughter of a local farmer; related to a family of considerable wealth and social standing

William Shakespeare• Married On November 28, 1582,

• Wife: Anne Hathaway: eight years older than him

• Children: three: Susana was their first and then they had twins, Hamlet and Judith.

Poetry AppreciationPoetry Appreciation Sonnet XVIII Sonnet XVIII

Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer’s Day

Sonnet VXIII

Shall I Compare Thee to a summer’s Day

• Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?• Thou art more lovely and more temperate.• Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,• And Summer’s lease hath all too short a date;• Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,• And often is his gold complexion dimmed;• thee: you 宾格• thou: you 主格• art: are 古英语第二人称变化• Hath: has

• And every fair from fair sometime declines,• By chance , or nature’s changing course, untrimmed:• But thy eternal summer shall not fade,• Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest;• Nor shall death brag thou wanderest in his shade• When in eternal lines to time thou growest.• So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,• So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.• thy: your 所有格• owest: own• wanderest: wander • growest: grow

Shall I Compare Thee to a summer’s Day

Quotations

• O Romeo, Romeo! wherefore art thou Romeo?. It is the east, and Juliet is the sun . Good Night, Good night! Parting is such sweet sorrow, that I shall say good night till it be morrow. What's in a name? That which we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet.

• But love is blind, and lovers cannot see. If you prick us, do we not bleed? if you tickle us, do we not laugh? if you poison us, do we not die? and if you wrong us, shall we not revenge?

• To be or not to be, that is the questions.

Language Points

• 1. legacy: heritage • something handed down from an anc

estor or a predecessor or from the past:

• a legacy of religious freedom• inherit a legacy• inherit a rotten legacy 烂摊子

Language Points• 2.….second best bed and furniture…• Before an adjective of the superlative

degree, we can often use a second, third or by far to modify it.

• e.g. Hainan Island is the second largest island in China.

• The Amazon is by far the longest river in the world.

Language Points• 3. estate: a landed property, usually of

considerable size• housing estate• industrial estate• tea estate• His country estate includes a large for

est.• farm real estate

Language Points• 4. off: [ 表示情况 ] 境地• How are you off for fuel? • comfortably off • well off • badly off 贫困，贫穷• well off 富裕• Lots of people there are quite well off.

Language Points• better off 情况较好 (to be better in circ

umstance)• worse off (to be worse in circumstanc

e)• You'd be better off with a bicycle. • Owing to his illness, Tom is wore off tha

n before.• right off (= straight off)

Language Points• 5. amount to :1> add up to, reach• His debts amount to five thousand dol

lars.• 2> be equal in meaning, be the same a

s• This amounts to a refusal.• What, after all, does it amount to?

Language Points• 6. genius: a man of extraordinary talents• “One is not born a genius, one becomes a geniu

s”• a genius at diplomacy.• man of genius• 2> talent• He has a genius for choosing the right diction. • 3> characteristics• the Chinese genius• the genius of the Renaissance period in Italy

Language Points• 7. thrive: to make steady progress; pr

osper.• A business can not thrive without goo

d management.• He that will thrive, must rise at five.• [ 谚 ] 五更起床 , 百事兴旺。

Language Points• 8. worth: adj.1>[ 用作表语 , 后接名词或

动名词作宾语 ]• What is it worth? ( 或 How much is it wo

rth?) • The rarer it is, the more it is worth.• 2> it's worth seeing (hearing, reading)• It is worth visiting (to visit) the place.= I

t’s worthwhile visiting (to visit) the place.

Language Points• 9. in a flash • flash in the pan • a flash of lightning • a flash of hope • The good news was flashed across [ov

er] the country.• flash of wit

Language Points• 10: talk sb. into doing sth.=persuade s

b. to do sth.• He talked his mother into buying him

a bike.• talk sb. out of sth.(doing sth) = persua

de sb. not to do sth.• She talked her husband out of investi

ng in the stocks and shares.

Language Points• 11. influential: having or exercising infl

uence• influential politicians • influential literary scholars• influential: n. （名词）• one that is of considerable importance

or influence:• a select group of media influentials (pl.)

Language Points• 12: fame • be famed for• come to fame• peal sb.'s fame 鼓吹某人的声誉• ill fame • undying fame

Language Points• 13: mass • a mass of clay• a large but nonspecific amount or nu

mber:• (countable or uncountable) • I've masses of work to do.

Language Points• mass: adj. （形容词）• Of, relating to, characteristic of, directed at, or atten

ded by a large number of people:• mass education • mass communication• a mass murderer 杀戮众多的人• Mass Observation( 英国的 ) 民意测验• mass media 宣传工具 ( 尤指广播、电视 )

• mass production( done or carried out on a large scale)

Text TwoText Two

William William ShakespeareShakespeare

Language Points

• 1. remarkable: (noticeable/notable/noteworthy)

• attracting notice as being unusual or extraordinary.

• Your work has been remarkable this week.• He’s remarkable for his bravery.• Don’t make yourself too remarkable.• ( 使自己 ) 锋芒毕露

Language Points• 2. presume: 1> vt. + that • to take for granted as being true in the absence of p

roof to the contrary; suppose; assume• I presume you're tired after the long ride.• 2> vi. （常与 to + inf 连用） = dare to 放肆；擅作主张• I won't presume to trouble you.• He presumed to invite himself to dinner.• 3> （常与 on 连用）（不正当地）利用；滥用• presume on a person's credulity• presume on one's position 滥用职权• Don't presume on their hospitality.

Language Points• 3. principle: • the principles of democracy (a basic tr

uth, law, or assumption)• a man of principle (a rule or standard,

especially of good behavior)• the principle of self-preservation (intri

nsic nature or characteristic behavior)

Language Points• in principle 原则上；大致上；通常• They agree to the plan in principle.• on principle• 按照原则（或道德标准）；根据原则（或道德标准）• He should be put into jail on principle.• On the five principles of peaceful coexistence, each

country should never interfere in any country’s civil affairs.

• stick to one's principles/ stick up for one's principles 坚持原则

Language Points• 4. apprentice: a beginner; a learner• The new apprentices are doing quite

well.• （常与 to 连用）使做学徒• apprentice to a tailor 做裁缝学徒 = an

apprentice tailor• He‘s apprenticed to a craftsman. • take apprentice 收徒弟

Letter WritingLetter Writing

Letters of ApplicationLetters of Application

letters of application

• an especially important form of business communication (formal)

• present yourself favorably without seeming to brag

How to write? (I)

• 1. State the position for which you are applying. Follow up with a summary of your qualifications for the position. Focus on those qualifications that best suit the job in question; the resume will cover the rest.

• 2. Focus on how you might meet the organization’s needs and on what you could accomplish for the organization ----not on what you hope to get from the position.

How to write? (II)• 3. Show some knowledge about the organization o

r company to which you are applying, but offer praise only in order to show why you are interested in working for them.

• 4. Maintain a polite and respectful----but confident---note.

• 5. Remember that your letter of application may have a long life. If you’re hired, it will become part of your personnel record. If you’re not hired, it may go into a file of applicants for later consideration.