unit i- introduction to behavioral sciences copy

8/8/2019 Unit I- Introduction to Behavioral Sciences Copy

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Behavioral Sciences(HS-102)Unit 1-Introduction to Behavioral Sciences

What is Behavioral Science?

Behavioral science is a systematic, controlled,empirical and critical investigation of behavior of theorganism through controlled and naturalisticexperimental observations and rigorous formulations.

It encompasses the activities of and interactionsamong organisms in the natural world.


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How Behavioral Science is different from

laymans understanding of behavior1 . Behavioral scientists attempt to study the

behavior on the basis of systematic, rational,

demonstrable-cause-effect relationship.2. They involve scientific methods of inquiry.3. The findings can be repeated and the data

collection is objective.4.The aim of behavioral scientists is to

understand and predict the behavior.


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T he core disciplines of Behavioral

Science1 .Psychology2.Sociology

3.Anthropology1.Psychology

It is the study the behavior on the basis of rational,

demonstrable-cause-effect relationship.


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2.Sociology

Sociology is the study of social systems whichmeans an operational social unit that is structured to

serve a purpose.3 .Anthropology

The aim of anthropology is to acquire a better understanding of the relationship between thehuman being and the environment.


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M ethods Used In Studying BehavioralSciences

1. Experimental Design1 .Cause-effect Relationship

2.Dependent/ Independent Vs.3.Control/Experimental Group

2. Observation M ethod

1 . Controlled/ Natural Observation2. Participative Observation


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5 .Interview Schedule

1 .It is a face-to-face situation between theinterviewer and the interviewee.

2.In interview schedule questions are asked andfilled in by an interviewer.3. It is a process of social interaction


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T ypes of Interviews

1. Structured Interviews2. Structured Interviews


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M erits and Demerits of Questionnaires andInterviews

1 .Interviews provide greater opportunity for careful questioning by enabling the interviewer to directly observe both the interview and hissurroundings.

2. Questionnaire is a less expensive procedurethan an interview.

3. It is possible to collect data from a larger number of people than interview.


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4. Questionnaire can provide uniformity fromone measurement situation to another. Whileinterview may not be uniform and comparable

because of individual differences.5. Questionnaires exerts less pressure on the

respondents to provide an immediate response.6.The interviewer gets the first hand

understanding of the person and the situation ,which is lacking in questionnaire method.

unit i- introduction to behavioral sciences copy

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